2C-D

Summary sheet: 2C-D

2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenethylamine (also known as 2C-M and more commonly as 2C-D) is a synthetic psychedelic of the phenethylamine chemical class that produces short-lived psychedelic effects comparable to those produced by mescaline and other 2C-x compounds when administered. Its synthesis was first published in 1970 by a team from the Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences. Initial trials by Alexander Shulgin at sub-threshold doses in humans were carried out in 1964.

2C-D
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names	2C-D, 2C-M, LE-25
Substitutive name	2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenethylamine
Systematic name	1-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-aminoethane
Class Membership
Psychoactive class	Psychedelic
Chemical class	Phenethylamine
Routes of Administration
WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section. ⇣ Oral Dosage Threshold 3 mg Light 10 - 25 mg Common 25 - 50 mg Strong 50 - 100 mg Heavy 100 mg + Duration Total 3 - 5 hours Onset 15 - 45 minutes Come up 20 - 40 minutes Peak 1.5 - 2.5 hours Offset 0.5 - 1.5 hours After effects 1 - 4 hours DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.
Interactions

In his book PiHKAL ("Phenethylamines I Have Known And Loved"), Shulgin lists the dosage range as being from 20 to 60 mg. This is now regarded by many as a conservative estimate as it has since been reported that substantially higher doses can be taken to induce a full spectrum of classical psychedelic effects while remaining physically benign, a relatively unique quality in the 2C-x family. Lower doses of 2C-D (generally 10 mg or less) have been explored for its use as a potential nootropic, albeit with mixed results.

Many who have experimented with this substance report that it is calmer, easier to handle and more comfortable on the body than other closely related psychedelic phenethylamines. While not especially visual or physically euphoric, it is said to be very lucid in its head-space, analytical and cognitively unimpairing.

Today, 2C-D is used both recreationally and as an entheogenic substance. It is rarely sold on the streets and almost exclusively distributed as a gray area research chemical through online vendors.

History and culture

This History and culture section is a stub. As a result, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it.

The synthesis of 2C-D was first published in 1970 by a team from the Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences,, but initial trials by Alexander Shulgin at sub-threshold doses were carried out in 1964. Further investigations at higher doses were carried out by Shulgin and his fellow researchers between 1974 and 1978. The name '2C-D' derives from the chemical's structure - it is the 2-Carbon analogue of DOM.

Notably, Shulgin also referred to this substance as a “pharmacological tofu,” meaning it can extend or potentiate the effect of other substances without coloring the experience too much, in a manner similar to how tofu absorbs the flavors of sauces or spices it is cooked with. While some people have claimed 2C-D is relatively uninteresting as a psychedelic on its own many users have come to strongly disagree with this early assessment and believe that 2C-D is an extremely versatile and fully-fledged synthetic entheogen in its own right.

Albeit showing promise as a very functional psychostimulant with very successful studies investigating the use in psychotherapy in Germany, 2C-D has not found widespread use. This has been argued to be due to the previously limited diversity of substances on the market - a consumer dynamic which has changed significantly with the advent of the internet - allowing a broader freedom of choice for explorers of psychedelic phenethylamines. Of these, it tends to be substantially harder to find and notably more expensive by weight.

Chemistry

Generic structure of a phenethylamine molecule

2C-D, or 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenethylamine, is a substituted phenethylamine featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH₂) group through an ethyl chain. 2C-D contains methoxy functional groups CH₃O- attached to carbons R₂ and R₅ as well as a methyl group attached to carbon R₄ of the phenyl ring.

2C-D belongs to the 2C family of phenethylamines which contain methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of the benzene ring.

Pharmacology

Further information: Serotonergic psychedelic

2C-D's psychedelic effects are believed to come from its efficacy at the 5-HT_2A receptor as a partial agonist. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the psychedelic experience continues to remain elusive.

Subjective effects

Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.

Physical effects

• Spontaneous tactile sensations - The "body high" of 2C-D can be described as a pleasurable, all-encompassing comfort sensation. This maintains a consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached.
• Bodily control enhancement and Motor control loss - Whilst at lower doses one may find that their bodily control is enhanced, at higher dosages it seems to become suppressed.
• Nausea - Although nausea remains present, in comparison to other phenethylamines such as 2C-E, 2C-I or 2C-B, this remains extremely mild and dissipates quickly even with higher dosages. It is a very kind and mild psychedelic for this reason.
• Pupil dilation
• Sedation - In terms of its effects on the physical energy levels of the tripper, the 2C-D experience begins with mild sedation that increases as the trip progresses, and lacks the distinctive energetic feeling associated with most phenethylamines.
• Tactile enhancement
• Temperature regulation suppression

Cognitive effects

The head space of 2C-D is described by many as one which is both insightful and relatively normal in its thought processes even at moderate to high doses. The feeling of "unaltered consciousness" may be bothersome to trippers who want an intense experience because the head space is fairly normal, stable and therefore typically considered rather uninteresting to those new to hallucinogenic experiences.

• Analysis enhancement
• Conceptual thinking
• Emotionality enhancement
• Introspection
• Increased music appreciation
• Memory suppression
  • Ego death
• Novelty enhancement
• Personal bias suppression
• Thought acceleration
• Thought connectivity
• Time distortion

Visual effects

Enhancements

• Colour enhancement
• Pattern recognition enhancement
• Acuity enhancement

Distortions

• Drifting (melting, flowing, breathing and morphing) - In comparison to other psychedelics, this effect can be described as low in detail, slow and smooth in motion, static in appearance and realistic in style.
• Tracers
• Colour shifting

Geometry

The visual geometry that is present throughout this trip can be described as more similar in appearance to that of DOM or 25D-NBOMe than that of LSD, 2C-B or 2C-I. It can be comprehensively described as structured in its organization, organic in style, intricate in complexity, large in style, slow and smooth in motion, colorful in scheme, bright in color, blurred in its edges and equally rounded and angular in its corners. It gives off a natural feel at higher dosages. While the final level of 2C-D geometry has yet to be formally confirmed, it seems more likely that it would result in states of level 8B visual geometry over level 8A.

Hallucinatory states

• Transformations
• Internal hallucinations (autonomous entities; settings, sceneries, and landscapes; alterations in perspective and scenarios and plots) - In comparison to other psychedelics such as LSD, 2C-D is low in hallucinations embedded within visual geometry. However, when it does occur this particular effect commonly contains hallucinations with scenarios, settings, concepts and autonomous entity contact. They are more common within dark environments and can be described as internal in their manifestation, lucid in believability, and interactive in style.
• External hallucinations (autonomous entities; settings, sceneries, and landscapes; alterations in perspective and scenarios and plots) - 2C-D is capable of external hallucinations embedded within visual geometry. This particular effect commonly contains hallucinations with scenarios, settings, concepts and autonomous entity contact. They can be described as external in their manifestation, lucid in believability, and fixed in style.

Auditory effects

• Enhancements
• Distortions
• Hallucinations

Experience reports

There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index. Additional experience reports can be found here:

• Erowid Experience Vaults: 2C-D

Toxicity and harm potential

Further information: Research chemicals § Toxicity and harm potential, and Responsible use § Hallucinogens

The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 2C-D use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dose is unknown. This is because 2C-D is a research chemical with very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people within the psychonaut community who have tried 2C-D suggests that there are no negative health effects attributed to simply trying the drug by itself at low to moderate doses and using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). Independent research should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance.

Tolerance and addiction potential

2C-D is not habit-forming and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating.

Tolerance to the effects of 2C-D is built almost immediately after ingestion. After that, it takes about 3 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 7 days to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 2C-D presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all psychedelics]], meaning that after the consumption of 2C-D all psychedelics will have a reduced effect.

Legal issues

• Brazil - Possession, production and sale is illegal as it is listed on Portaria SVS/MS nº 344.
• United States: 2C-D is listed in Schedule I of section 202(c) of the Controlled Substances Act in the United States. This was signed into law as of July 2012 under the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act.
• United Kingdom: 2C-D is a Class A controlled substance as it is covered by the phenethylamine derivatives clause of the Misuse of Drugs Act of 1971.
• Sweden: 2C-D is classified as a health hazard as of March 1, 2005, in the regulation SFS 2005:26, making it illegal to sell or possess.
• Japan: 2C-D is controlled by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan, making it illegal to possess or sell.
• Australia: Australia has a blanket ban over all substituted phenethylamines including the entire 2C-X family.
• Denmark: 2C-D is added to the list of Schedule B controlled substances.
• Germany: On December 13, 2014, 2C-D was added to the controlled substance act ("BtMG"), making it illegal to produce, sell or possess.
• Latvia: 2C-D is a Schedule I controlled substance.
• Switzerland: Possession, production and sale is illegal.
• China - As of October 2015 2C-D is a controlled substance in China.
• Canada: 2C-D would be considered Schedule III as it is a derivative of 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine.

See also

• Responsible use
• Psychoactive substance index
• Psychedelics
• Phenethylamines
• 2C-x
• 25D-NBOMe

External links

• 2C-D (Wikipedia)
• 2C-D (Erowid)
• 2C-D (PiHKAL)
• 2C-D (Bluelight)
• 2C-D (Tripsit)