25B-NBOMe
25B-NBOMe can be fatal at heavy doses.[1]
It is strongly discouraged to take large amounts of this substance or to insufflate (snort) it. Please see this section for more details.
Summary sheet: 25B-NBOMe |
25B-NBOMe (also known as Cimbi-36 and 2C-B-NBOMe) is novel synthetic psychedelic substance of the phenethylamine chemical class. It produces an array of visually-dominant and stimulating psychedelic effects when administered.
25B-NBOMe | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Chemical Nomenclature | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common names | 25B-NBOMe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Substitutive name | 2C-B-NBOMe, BOM 2-CB, Cimbi-36, New Nexus, Nova | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name | [[systematic name::2-(4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl) methyl]ethanamine]] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Class Membership | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Psychoactive class | Psychedelic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chemical class | Phenethylamine | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Lithium |
The name 25B-NBOMe, which short-hand for 2C-B-NBOMe, is a derivative of the phenethylamine psychedelic 2C-B. It was discovered in 2004 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin.[2] It acts as a potent partial agonist for the 5-HT2A receptor.[3] It has been used in clinical trials with an evaluation dose for safety consideration to humans of only 1 microgram. Such a dose was determined to be only 1/300th the dose expected to be hallucinogenic to humans and that recreational use would greatly exceed doses determined to be safe to humans.[3]
Anecdotal reports from users suggest 25B-NBOMe to be an active hallucinogen at a dose of as little as 250–500 µg, making it a similar potency to other phenethylamine derived hallucinogens such as Bromo-DragonFLY.[4] It is worth noting that compounds of the NBOMe class are not orally active and should therefore be taken sublingually by placing the substance into one's mouth and allowing it to slowly absorb over a period of 15-30 minutes.
This substance had no history of human use before being sold online as a designer drug in 2010.[citation needed] Extremely little is known about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 25B-NBOMe in humans, and numerous members of the 25x-NBOMe series have been associated with hospitalizations and deaths. Along with its highly sensitive dose-response and unpredictable effects, many reports also suggest that this substance may be overly difficult to use safely. Therefore it is highly advised to approach this poorly understood, potentially deadly psychedelic substance with the proper amount of precaution and harm reduction practices if choosing to use it.
Chemistry
25B-NBOMe or 2C-B-NBOMe is a serotonergic N-benzyl derivative of the substituted phenethylamine psychedelic known as 2C-B. 25B-NBOMe is a substituted phenethylamine with methoxy groups CH3O- attached to carbons R2 and R5 as well as a bromine atom attached to carbon R4. It differs from 2C-B structurally through a substitution on the amine (NH2) with a 2-methoxybenzyl (BOMe) group. 25B-NBOMe shares this 2-methoxybenzyl substitution with other chemicals of the NBOMe family. This NBOMe addition contains a methoxy ether CH3O- bound to a benzene ring at R2.
Pharmacology
25B-NBOMe has efficacy at the 5-HT2A receptor where it acts as a potent partial agonist.[5][6][7][8] However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the psychedelic experience continues to remain elusive.
Subjective effects
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical effects
- Mouth numbing - Assuming the substance has been taken sublingually, the very first physical effect which a person will notice immediately after sublingual absorption is a strong, unpleasant metallic chemical taste. This is accompanied by a very obvious feeling of general numbness of the tongue and mouth which can stay for up to an hour after the blotter paper has been consumed. This is a key difference when it comes to determining whether one's blotter paper contains LSD or one of the NBOMe series.
- Spontaneous physical sensations - The "body high" itself can be described as a generally mild, all-encompassing, soft but euphoric tingling sensation. This tingling sensation is also accompanied by spontaneous rushes of euphoria that become longer and more drawn out proportional to the dosage consumed.
- Perception of decreased weight - In terms of the body’s perceived weight, this substance consistently leaves people feeling extremely light, often to the point of total weightlessness.
- Stimulation - In terms of its effects on the physical energy levels of the tripper, 25B-NBOMe is usually considered to be energetic and stimulating, but it can be considered less stimulating when compared to 25I-NBOMe. For most people, this substance induces a unique type of physical stimulation which can be described as feeling extremely energetic but in a way which does not force the person to move unless they genuinely choose to do so. For others, however, the stimulation can be quite uncontrollable, occasionally resulting in bodily shakes and a grinding of the teeth comparable to that of MDMA and traditional stimulants such as amphetamine, but this is manifested much less consistently when compared to that of 25I-NBOMe
- Nausea - As the tripper begins to come up, nausea is not uncommon and can sometimes result in initial vomiting, but passes once this has either happened or the trip begins to fully set in. In comparison to other psychedelics such as psilocin, LSD, 2C-E and 2C-I, this could actually be very considered very mild in its intensity.
- Vasoconstriction
- Increased heart rate
- Pupil dilation
Cognitive effects
- Empathy, love and sociability enhancement - The entactogenic effects range from mild to powerful, but are inconsistently manifested. Entactogenic effects for people who try this substance usually become prominent in the presence of others. These feelings of increased sociability, love and empathy do not seem to be quite as strong or profound as those found within other entactogens (such as MDMA, 2C-B and AMT). They are, however, the most prominent entactogenic effects found within the NBOMe series.
- Analysis enhancement - This component is consistently manifested only in the context of a non-social setting in which the user is alone and is introspection dominant.
- Thought acceleration
- Wakefulness
- Time distortion
- Novelty enhancement
- Conceptual thinking
- Thought connectivity
- Emotionality enhancement
- Increased music appreciation
- Personal bias suppression
- Memory suppression
- Immersion enhancement
- Increased libido
Visual effects
Enhancements
Distortions
- Drifting (melting, flowing, breathing and morphing) - In comparison to other psychedelics, this effect can be described as highly detailed, slow and smooth in motion, static in appearance and unrealistic/cartoon-like in style.
- Tracers
- After images
- Symmetrical texture repetition
- Colour shifting
- Scenery slicing
The visual geometry that is present throughout this trip is often described as similar in appearance to that of LSD. They can be comprehensively described as algorithmic in geometric style, intricate in complexity, fine and zoomed out in detail, fast and smooth in motion, structured in shape, colourful in scheme, glossy in colour, sharp around the edges and mostly rounded across their corners. In comparison to other more commonly used psychedelics they can be described as significantly more intricate than the visual geometry found within 2C-I and most of the 2C-x family in general as well as completely on par with LSD, psilocin and DMT at appropriately high dosages.
In terms of their behaviour, 25B-NBOMe’s geometry leads onto Level 8A visual geometry with Level 8B remaining so far unconfirmed within this substance. They also seem to consistently build up in visual intensity when the tripper stares at a central point. This eventually envelops the visual field and creates the sensation that the tripper has broken through into a continuously shifting geometric landscape or structure with a vast sense of immersive physical size attributed to it.
Hallucinatory states
- Transformations
- Internal hallucinations - (autonomous entities; settings, sceneries, and landscapes; alterations in perspective and scenarios and plots) These are more common within dark environments and can be described as internal in their manifestation, lucid in believability, interactive in style and almost exclusively of a personal, religious, spiritual, science-fiction, fantasy, surreal, nonsensical or transcendental nature in their overall theme.
Auditory effects
Experience reports
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index. Additional experience reports can be found here:
Toxicity and harm potential
25B-NBOMe is a relatively new substance, and little is known about its pharmacological risks or its interaction with other substances. The lethal dosage has not yet been determined. One case has been reported on where 25B-NBOMe was identified as the cause of death for a 17-year-old boy.[9]
It is advised that due to 25B-NBOMe's extreme potency it should not be insufflated as this method of administration is potentially fatal at heavy dosages.[10]
25B-NBOMe has been used in clinical trials with an evaluation dose for safety consideration to humans of only 1 microgram; Such a dose is 300× lower than the dose expected to be hallucinogenic to humans and it is expected that recreational use would greatly exceed doses determined to be safe to humans.[11]
It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance.
Tolerance and addiction potential
25B-NBOMe is not habit-forming and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating.
Tolerance to the effects of 25B-NBOMe are built almost immediately after ingestion. After that, it takes about 1 week for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 25B-NBOMe presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all psychedelics]], meaning that after the consumption of 25B-NBOMe all psychedelics will have a reduced effect.
Dangerous interactions
This dangerous interactions section is a stub. As such, it may contain incomplete or invalid information. You can help by expanding upon or correcting it. |
Although many substances are safe on their own, they can become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with other substances. The list below contains some common potentially dangerous combinations, but may not include all of them. Certain combinations may be relatively harmless in low doses of each but can still increase the risk of unpredictable injury or death. Independent research should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.
- Tramadol - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold[12] and psychedelics may act as triggers for seizures, particularly in those who are predisposed to them.[citation needed]
- Stimulants - Stimulants affect many parts of the brain. Combined with psychedelics, stimulation can turn into uncontrollable anxiety, panic, thought loops and paranoia. This interaction may cause elevated risk of psychosis.[citation needed]
- Lithium - Lithium is often used as treatment for bipolar disorder. It may possibly cause elevated risk of seizures and psychosis due to its glutaminergic and GABAergic effects.[citation needed]
Legality
- Brazil - Possession, production and sale is illegal as it is listed on Portaria SVS/MS nº 344.[13]
- China: As of October 2015 25B-NBOMe is a controlled substance in China.[14]
- United Kingdom - 25B-NBOMe is a Class A drug in the United Kingdom as a result of the N-benzylphenethylamine catch-all clause.[15]
- Sweden: 25B-NBOMe is classed as Schedule I.[16]
- United States: On Nov 15, 2013, the DEA added 25B-NBOMe to Schedule I using their emergency scheduling powers, making it "temporarily" in Schedule I for 2 years.[17]
- Latvia: 25B-NBOMe is a Schedule I controlled substance.[18]
- New Zealand: 25B-NBOMe is a Schedule 2 controlled substance in New Zealand.[19]
- Canada: 25B-NBOMe would be considered Schedule III as it is a derivative of 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine.[20]
See also
External links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Erowid NBOMe (Other or Unknown NBOMe-Compound) Vault : Fatalities / Deaths
- ↑ Ralf Heim (February 28, 2010). "Synthese und Pharmakologie potenter 5-HT2A-Rezeptoragonisten mit N-2-Methoxybenzyl-Partialstruktur. Entwicklung eines neuen Struktur-Wirkungskonzepts." (in German). diss.fu-berlin.de. Retrieved 2013-05-10.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hansen, M.; Phonekeo, K.; Paine, J. S.; Leth-Petersen, S.; Begtrup, M.; Bräuner-Osborne, H.; Kristensen, J. L. (2014). "Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of N-Benzyl Phenethylamines as 5-HT2A/2C Agonists". ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 5 (3): 243–9. PMID 24397362. https://doi.org/10.1021/cn400216u
- ↑ Bromo-Dragonfly Dosage by Erowid | https://erowid.org/chemicals/bromo_dragonfly/bromo_dragonfly_dose.shtml
- ↑ Synthesis and pharmacology of potent 5-HT 2A receptor agonists with N-2-methoxybenzyl partial structure | http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/receive/FUDISS_thesis_000000001221
- ↑ Theoretical study of the interaction of agonists with the 5-HT2A receptor | http://epub.uni-regensburg.de/12119/
- ↑ Theoretical studies on the interaction of partial agonists with the 5-HT2A receptor | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10822-010-9400-2
- ↑ Synthesis and Structure–Activity Relationships of N-Benzyl Phenethylamines as 5-HT2A/2C Agonists | http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cn400216u
- ↑ Designer Drug Identified As Cause Of Plano Teen’s Death | http://dfw.cbslocal.com/2015/02/19/designer-drug-identified-as-cause-of-plano-teens-death/
- ↑ http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/nbome/nbome_death.shtml
- ↑ Preclinical Safety Assessment of the 5-HT2A Receptor Agonist PET Radioligand [11C]Cimbi-36 | https://bitnest.netfirms.com/external.php?id=%257DbxUgX%255DCY%2504%2505wzx%2519%2505VYL%2502RI%257E%2560d
- ↑ Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of medical toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161089
- ↑ http://portal.anvisa.gov.br/documents/10181/3115436/%281%29RDC_130_2016_.pdf/fc7ea407-3ff5-4fc1-bcfe-2f37504d28b7
- ↑ 关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知 | http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html
- ↑ United Kingdom. (2014). Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (S.I. 2014/1106). London: The Stationery Office Limited. Retrieved July 5, 2017, from http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2014/1106/made
- ↑ Läkemedelsverkets författningssamling - http://www.lakemedelsverket.se/upload/lvfs/LVFS_2013-15.pdf
- ↑ http://www.justice.gov/dea/divisions/hq/2013/hq111513.shtml
- ↑ Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem (2,5-Dimetoksifeniletānamīni) | http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=121086
- ↑ http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1975/0116/latest/whole.html#DLM436576
- ↑ Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (S.C. 1996, c. 19) |http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-38.8/page-12.html#h-28