Talk:4-MEC: Difference between revisions

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{{headerpanel|{{proofread}} {{approval}}}}

{{SubstanceBox/~~Mehkedrone}}~~

{|

|-

~~| ''[[Mehkedrone/Summary|Summary sheet: Mehkedrone]]''~~

|}

~~'''Mehkedrone''', also known as '''4-methylethcathinone''' ('''~~4-MEC~~'''), is a synthetic [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] drug of the [[amphetamine]] and [[Substituted cathinone|cathinone]] classes.~~

~~Slang names for the drug include~~ '''~~drone~~'''. It is chemically similar to the [[cathinone]] compounds found in the [[khat]] plant of eastern Africa. It comes in the form of a powder, which users can swallow, snort, inject or insert rectally producing effects which are somewhat similar to that [[MDMA]], [[amphetamine]], and [[cocaine]].

'''4-Methylethcathinone''' (also known as '''4-MEC''') is an [[psychoactive class::entactogen|entactogenic]] [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::cathinone]] class.

It is chemically similar to the [[cathinone]] compounds found in the [[khat]] plant of eastern Africa. It comes in the form of a powder, which users can swallow, snort, inject or insert rectally producing effects which are somewhat similar to that [[MDMA]], [[amphetamine]], and [[cocaine]].

==Chemistry==

~~Mehkedrone~~, or 4-methylethcathinone, is a synthetic molecule of the [[Substituted cathinone|cathinone]] family. Cathinones are structurally similar to [[amphetamines]], they contain a phenethylamine core featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain with an additional methyl substitution at Rα. Amphetamines and cathinones are alpha-methylated phenethylamines, cathinones contain an additional carbonyl group at R1. ~~Mehkedrone~~ contains an additional ethyl substitutions at RN and a methyl substitution at R4 of its phenyl ring.

4-MEC, or 4-methylethcathinone, is a synthetic molecule of the [[Substituted cathinone|cathinone]] family. Cathinones are structurally similar to [[amphetamines]], they contain a phenethylamine core featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain with an additional methyl substitution at Rα. Amphetamines and cathinones are alpha-methylated phenethylamines, cathinones contain an additional carbonyl group at R1. 4-MEC contains an additional ethyl substitutions at RN and a methyl substitution at R4 of its phenyl ring.

==Pharmacology==

Given its chemical structure, ~~mehkedrone~~ is likely to act as a [[releasing agent]] and a [[reuptake inhibitor]] for monoamine [[neurotransmitters]] such as [[dopamine]], [[serotonin]] and [[noradrenaline]].

Given its chemical structure, 4-MEC is likely to act as a [[releasing agent]] and a [[reuptake inhibitor]] for monoamine [[neurotransmitters]] such as [[dopamine]], [[serotonin]] and [[noradrenaline]].

~~Mehkedrone~~ is likely to have a similar pharmacological profile to mephedrone.

4-MEC is likely to have a similar pharmacological profile to mephedrone.

==Subjective effects==

~~===Physical~~ effects~~===~~

*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous tactile sensations]]''' - The "body high" of mehkedrone can be described as a moderate to extreme euphoric tingling sensation that encompasses the entire body. It is capable of becoming overwhelmingly pleasurable at higher dosages. This sensation maintains a consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached.

{{effects/base

*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, ~~mehkedrone~~ is commonly considered to be extremely stimulating and energetic. This encourages activities such as running, climbing and dancing in a way that makes ~~mehkedrone~~ a popular choice for musical events such as festivals and raves. The particular style of stimulation which mekhedrone presents can be described as forced. This means that at higher dosages it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still, as jaw clenching, involuntarily bodily shakes and vibrations become present, resulting in an extreme unsteadiness of the hands and a general lack of motor control.

|{{effects/physical|

*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, 4-MEC is commonly considered to be extremely stimulating and energetic. This encourages activities such as running, climbing and dancing in a way that makes 4-MEC a popular choice for musical events such as festivals and raves. The particular style of stimulation which mekhedrone presents can be described as forced. This means that at higher dosages it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still, as jaw clenching, involuntarily bodily shakes and vibrations become present, resulting in an extreme unsteadiness of the hands and a general lack of motor control.

*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous tactile sensations]]''' - The "body high" of 4-MEC can be described as a moderate to extreme euphoric tingling sensation that encompasses the entire body. It is capable of becoming overwhelmingly pleasurable at higher dosages. This sensation maintains a consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached.

*'''[[Effect::Vibrating vision]]''' - A person's eyeballs may begin to spontaneously wiggle back and forth in a rapid motion, causing vision to become blurry and temporarily out of focus-- a condition known as nystagmus.

*'''[[Effect::Dehydration]]''' - Dry mouth and dehydration are a universal experience with mekhedrone and are a product of an increased heart rate and extreme motivation to engage in strenuous physical activities. While it is important to avoid becoming dehydrated, especially when out dancing in a hot environment, there is a potential possibility of suffering from water intoxication through over-drinking so it is advised that users simply sip at water and never over drink.

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*'''[[Effect::Teeth grinding]]''' - This component can be considered to be less intense when compared with that of [[MDMA]].

~~===Cognitive~~ effects~~===~~

}}

The cognitive effects of ~~mehkedrone~~ can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. The general head space of mephedrone is described by many as one of extreme mental stimulation and powerful euphoria. It contains a large number of typical [[Stimulants|stimulant]] cognitive effects.

|{{effects/cognitive|

The cognitive effects of 4-MEC can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. The general head space of mephedrone is described by many as one of extreme mental stimulation and powerful euphoria. It contains a large number of typical [[Stimulants|stimulant]] cognitive effects.

The most prominent of these cognitive effects generally include:

*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria|Euphoria]]''' - Strong emotional euphoria and feelings of happiness are present within ~~mehkedrone~~ and are likely a direct result of serotonin and dopamine release.

*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria|Euphoria]]''' - Strong emotional euphoria and feelings of happiness are present within 4-MEC and are likely a direct result of serotonin and dopamine release.

*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement]]''' - This particular effect, although distinct, is far less prominent than the same effect found within traditional [[entactogens]] such as [[MDMA]] or [[2C-B]]

*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - Strong feelings of time compression are common within ~~mehkedrone~~ and speed up the experience of time quite noticeable.

*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - Strong feelings of time compression are common within 4-MEC and speed up the experience of time quite noticeable.

*'''[[Effect::Ego inflation]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Disinhibition]]

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*'''[[Effect::Increased music appreciation]]'''

~~===After~~ effects~~===~~

|{{effects/aftereffects

The effects which occur during the [[offset]] of a [[stimulant]] experience generally feel negative and uncomfortable in comparison to the effects which occurred during its [[peak]]. This is often referred to as a "comedown" and occurs because of [[neurotransmitter]] depletion. Its effects commonly include:

*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]'''

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* [https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4Methylethcathinone.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: 4-Methylethcathinone]

}}

==Toxicity and harm potential==

Almost nothing is known about the long-term effects of ~~mehkedrone~~ due to its short history of its use. The [[Toxicity::exact toxic dosage is unknown]].

Almost nothing is known about the long-term effects of 4-MEC due to its short history of its use. The [[Toxicity::exact toxic dosage is unknown]].

It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this drug.

===Tolerance and addiction potential===

As with other [[stimulant]]s, the chronic use of ~~mephedrone~~ can be considered [[Addiction potential::moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse]] and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and [[withdrawal effects]] may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.

As with other [[stimulant]]s, the chronic use of 4-MEC can be considered [[Addiction potential::moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse]] and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and [[withdrawal effects]] may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.

Tolerance to many of the effects of ~~mehkedrone~~ [[Time to full tolerance::develops with prolonged and repeated use]]. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). ~~Mehkedrone~~ presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[dopamine]]rgic [[stimulant]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of mephedrone all [[stimulant]]s will have a reduced effect.

Tolerance to many of the effects of 4-MEC [[Time to full tolerance::develops with prolonged and repeated use]]. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 4-MEC presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[dopamine]]rgic [[stimulant]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of mephedrone all [[stimulant]]s will have a reduced effect.

===Dangerous interactions===

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==Legal ~~issues~~==

==Legal status==

*'''United Kingdom:''' It is illegal to produce, supply, or import this drug under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016. <ref>http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted</ref>

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*[[Responsible use]]

*[[Stimulants]]

*[[Substituted cathinone~~|Cathinones~~]]

*[[Substituted cathinone]]

*[[Amphetamine]]

*[[MDMA]]

*[[Cocaine]]

==External links==

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Methylethcathinone 4-Methylethcathinone (Wikipedia)]

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[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]

[[Category:Research chemical]]

[[Category:Cathinone]]

[[Category:~~Proofread~~]][[Category:~~Stimulant~~]]

[[Category:Stimulant]]

[[Category:Entactogen]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{headerpanel|{{proofread}} {{approval}}}}
-{{SubstanceBox/Mehkedrone}}
+{{SubstanceBox/4-MEC}}
-{|
-|-
-|-
-| ''[[Mehkedrone/Summary|Summary sheet: Mehkedrone]]''
-|}
-'''Mehkedrone''', also known as '''4-methylethcathinone''' ('''4-MEC'''), is a synthetic [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] drug of the [[amphetamine]] and [[Substituted cathinone|cathinone]] classes.
-Slang names for the drug include '''drone'''. It is chemically similar to the [[cathinone]] compounds found in the [[khat]] plant of eastern Africa. It comes in the form of a powder, which users can swallow, snort, inject or insert rectally producing effects which are somewhat similar to that [[MDMA]], [[amphetamine]], and [[cocaine]].
+'''4-Methylethcathinone''' (also known as '''4-MEC''') is an [[psychoactive class::entactogen|entactogenic]] [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::cathinone]] class.
+It is chemically similar to the [[cathinone]] compounds found in the [[khat]] plant of eastern Africa. It comes in the form of a powder, which users can swallow, snort, inject or insert rectally producing effects which are somewhat similar to that [[MDMA]], [[amphetamine]], and [[cocaine]].
 ==Chemistry==
-Mehkedrone, or 4-methylethcathinone, is a synthetic molecule of the [[Substituted cathinone|cathinone]] family. Cathinones are structurally similar to [[amphetamines]], they contain a phenethylamine core featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain with an additional methyl substitution at R<sub>α</sub>. Amphetamines and cathinones are alpha-methylated phenethylamines, cathinones contain an additional carbonyl group at R<sub>1</sub>.  Mehkedrone contains an additional ethyl substitutions at R<sub>N</sub> and a methyl substitution at R<sub>4</sub> of its phenyl ring.
+-MEC, or 4-methylethcathinone, is a synthetic molecule of the [[Substituted cathinone|cathinone]] family. Cathinones are structurally similar to [[amphetamines]], they contain a phenethylamine core featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain with an additional methyl substitution at R<sub>α</sub>. Amphetamines and cathinones are alpha-methylated phenethylamines, cathinones contain an additional carbonyl group at R<sub>1</sub>.  4-MEC contains an additional ethyl substitutions at R<sub>N</sub> and a methyl substitution at R<sub>4</sub> of its phenyl ring.
 ==Pharmacology==
-Given its chemical structure, mehkedrone is likely to act as a [[releasing agent]] and a [[reuptake inhibitor]] for monoamine [[neurotransmitters]] such as [[dopamine]], [[serotonin]] and [[noradrenaline]].
+Given its chemical structure, 4-MEC is likely to act as a [[releasing agent]] and a [[reuptake inhibitor]] for monoamine [[neurotransmitters]] such as [[dopamine]], [[serotonin]] and [[noradrenaline]].
-Mehkedrone is likely to have a similar pharmacological profile to mephedrone.
+-MEC is likely to have a similar pharmacological profile to mephedrone.
 ==Subjective effects==
 {{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
-===Physical effects===
-*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous tactile sensations]]''' - The "body high" of mehkedrone can be described as a moderate to extreme euphoric tingling sensation that encompasses the entire body. It is capable of becoming overwhelmingly pleasurable at higher dosages. This sensation maintains a consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached.
+{{effects/base
-*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, mehkedrone is commonly considered to be extremely stimulating and energetic. This encourages activities such as running, climbing and dancing in a way that makes mehkedrone a popular choice for musical events such as festivals and raves. The particular style of stimulation which mekhedrone presents can be described as forced. This means that at higher dosages it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still, as jaw clenching, involuntarily bodily shakes and vibrations become present, resulting in an extreme unsteadiness of the hands and a general lack of motor control.
+|{{effects/physical|
+*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, 4-MEC is commonly considered to be extremely stimulating and energetic. This encourages activities such as running, climbing and dancing in a way that makes 4-MEC a popular choice for musical events such as festivals and raves. The particular style of stimulation which mekhedrone presents can be described as forced. This means that at higher dosages it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still, as jaw clenching, involuntarily bodily shakes and vibrations become present, resulting in an extreme unsteadiness of the hands and a general lack of motor control.
+*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous tactile sensations]]''' - The "body high" of 4-MEC can be described as a moderate to extreme euphoric tingling sensation that encompasses the entire body. It is capable of becoming overwhelmingly pleasurable at higher dosages. This sensation maintains a consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached.
 *'''[[Effect::Vibrating vision]]''' - A person's eyeballs may begin to spontaneously wiggle back and forth in a rapid motion, causing vision to become blurry and temporarily out of focus-- a condition known as nystagmus.
 *'''[[Effect::Dehydration]]''' - Dry mouth and dehydration are a universal experience with mekhedrone and are a product of an increased heart rate and extreme motivation to engage in strenuous physical activities. While it is important to avoid becoming dehydrated, especially when out dancing in a hot environment, there is a potential possibility of suffering from water intoxication through over-drinking so it is advised that users simply sip at water and never over drink.
@@ Line 33: / Line 31: @@
 *'''[[Effect::Teeth grinding]]''' - This component can be considered to be less intense when compared with that of [[MDMA]].
-===Cognitive effects===
+}}
-The cognitive effects of mehkedrone can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. The general head space of mephedrone is described by many as one of extreme mental stimulation and powerful euphoria. It contains a large number of typical [[Stimulants|stimulant]] cognitive effects.
+|{{effects/cognitive|
+The cognitive effects of 4-MEC can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. The general head space of mephedrone is described by many as one of extreme mental stimulation and powerful euphoria. It contains a large number of typical [[Stimulants|stimulant]] cognitive effects.
 The most prominent of these cognitive effects generally include:
-*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria|Euphoria]]''' - Strong emotional euphoria and feelings of happiness are present within mehkedrone and are likely a direct result of serotonin and dopamine release.
+*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria|Euphoria]]''' - Strong emotional euphoria and feelings of happiness are present within 4-MEC and are likely a direct result of serotonin and dopamine release.
 *'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]'''
 *'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''
 *'''[[Effect::Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement]]''' - This particular effect, although distinct, is far less prominent than the same effect found within traditional [[entactogens]] such as [[MDMA]] or [[2C-B]]
-*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - Strong feelings of time compression are common within mehkedrone and speed up the experience of time quite noticeable.
+*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - Strong feelings of time compression are common within 4-MEC and speed up the experience of time quite noticeable.
 *'''[[Effect::Ego inflation]]'''
 *'''[[Effect::Disinhibition]]
@@ Line 51: / Line 50: @@
 *'''[[Effect::Increased music appreciation]]'''
-===After effects===
+|{{effects/aftereffects
 The effects which occur during the [[offset]] of a [[stimulant]] experience generally feel negative and uncomfortable in comparison to the effects which occurred during its [[peak]]. This is often referred to as a "comedown" and occurs because of [[neurotransmitter]] depletion. Its effects commonly include:
 *'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]'''
@@ Line 64: / Line 63: @@
 * [https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4Methylethcathinone.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: 4-Methylethcathinone]
+}}
+}}
 ==Toxicity and harm potential==
 {{Further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential}}
-Almost nothing is known about the long-term effects of mehkedrone due to its short history of its use. The [[Toxicity::exact toxic dosage is unknown]].
+Almost nothing is known about the long-term effects of 4-MEC due to its short history of its use. The [[Toxicity::exact toxic dosage is unknown]].
 It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this drug.
 ===Tolerance and addiction potential===
-As with other [[stimulant]]s, the chronic use of mephedrone can be considered [[Addiction potential::moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse]] and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and [[withdrawal effects]] may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.
+As with other [[stimulant]]s, the chronic use of 4-MEC can be considered [[Addiction potential::moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse]] and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and [[withdrawal effects]] may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.
-Tolerance to many of the effects of mehkedrone [[Time to full tolerance::develops with prolonged and repeated use]]. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Mehkedrone presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[dopamine]]rgic [[stimulant]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of mephedrone all [[stimulant]]s will have a reduced effect.
+Tolerance to many of the effects of 4-MEC [[Time to full tolerance::develops with prolonged and repeated use]]. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 4-MEC presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[dopamine]]rgic [[stimulant]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of mephedrone all [[stimulant]]s will have a reduced effect.
 ===Dangerous interactions===
@@ Line 83: / Line 84: @@
 {{DangerousInteractions/SerotoninSyndrome}}
-==Legal issues==
+==Legal status==
 *'''United Kingdom:''' It is illegal to produce, supply, or import this drug under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016. <ref>http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted</ref>
@@ Line 89: / Line 90: @@
 *[[Responsible use]]
 *[[Stimulants]]
-*[[Substituted cathinone|Cathinones]]
+*[[Substituted cathinone]]
 *[[Amphetamine]]
 *[[MDMA]]
 *[[Cocaine]]
 ==External links==
 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Methylethcathinone 4-Methylethcathinone (Wikipedia)]
@@ Line 100: / Line 102: @@
 <references/>
 [[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
+[[Category:Research chemical]]
 [[Category:Cathinone]]
-[[Category:Proofread]][[Category:Stimulant]]
+[[Category:Stimulant]]
+[[Category:Entactogen]]
 {{#set:Featured=true}}