25B-NBOMe: Difference between revisions

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{{Headerpanel|{{Warning/25B-NBOMe}}}}

'''25B-NBOMe''' ('''2C-B-NBOMe''') is ~~a derivative of the~~ [[~~Chemical~~ class::~~Phenethylamine|substituted phenethylamine~~]] [[~~Psychoactive~~ class::~~psychedelic~~]] ~~[[2C-B]], discovered in 2004 by [[Ralf Heim]] at the Free University of Berlin~~. ~~Anecdotal reports from users suggest 25B-NBOMe to be~~ an ~~active hallucinogen at a dose~~ of ~~as little as 250–500 µg, making it a similar potency to other phenethylamine derived~~ [[~~hallucinogens~~]] ~~such as~~ [[~~Bromo-DragonFLY~~]].<ref>Bromo-Dragonfly Dosage by Erowid | https://erowid.org/chemicals/bromo_dragonfly/bromo_dragonfly_dose.shtml</ref> Duration of effects lasts about 8–12 hours.<ref>25B-NBOME TripSit | http://drugs.tripsit.me/25b-nbome</ref>

'''25B-NBOMe''' (also known as '''Cimbi-36''' and '''2C-B-NBOMe''') is novel synthetic [[Psychoactive class::psychedelic]] substance of the [[chemical class::phenethylamine]] chemical class. It produces an array of visually-dominant and stimulating [[psychedelic]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]].

It is ~~worth noting that compounds~~ of the [[~~25x~~-~~NBOMe|NBOMe~~]] ~~class are not~~ [~~[oral~~]~~]ly active~~ and ~~should therefore~~ be ~~taken [[sublingual]]ly by simply placing~~ the ~~substance into one's mouth~~ and ~~allowing it~~ to ~~slowly absorb over a period of 30 minutes~~.

The name 25B-NBOMe, which short-hand for 2C-B-NBOMe, is a derivative of the phenethylamine psychedelic [[2C-B]]. It was discovered in 2004 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin.<ref>Ralf Heim (February 28, 2010). [http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/receive/FUDISS_thesis_000000001221 "Synthese und Pharmakologie potenter 5-HT2A-Rezeptoragonisten mit N-2-Methoxybenzyl-Partialstruktur. Entwicklung eines neuen Struktur-Wirkungskonzepts."] (in German). diss.fu-berlin.de. Retrieved 2013-05-10.</ref> It acts as a potent partial agonist for the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor.<ref name="25BSAR">Hansen, M.; Phonekeo, K.; Paine, J. S.; Leth-Petersen, S.; Begtrup, M.; Bräuner-Osborne, H.; Kristensen, J. L. (2014). "Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of N-Benzyl Phenethylamines as 5-HT2A/2C Agonists". ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 5 (3): 243–9. PMID 24397362. https://doi.org/10.1021/cn400216u</ref> It has been used in clinical trials with an evaluation dose for safety consideration to humans of only 1 microgram. Such a dose was determined to be only 1/300th the dose expected to be hallucinogenic to humans and that recreational use would greatly exceed doses determined to be safe to humans.<ref name="25BSAR" />

~~The chemical~~ had no history of human use ~~prior to~~ being sold online as a [[designer drug]] ~~through [[research chemical]] vendors~~ in 2010.{{citation needed}}

Anecdotal reports from users suggest 25B-NBOMe to be an active [[hallucinogen]] at a dose of as little as 250–500 µg, making it a similar potency to other phenethylamine derived [[hallucinogens]] such as [[Bromo-DragonFLY]].<ref>Bromo-Dragonfly Dosage by Erowid | https://erowid.org/chemicals/bromo_dragonfly/bromo_dragonfly_dose.shtml</ref> It is worth noting that compounds of the [[25x-NBOMe|NBOMe]] class are not [[oral|orally]] active and should therefore be taken [[sublingual|sublingually]] by placing the substance into one's mouth and allowing it to slowly absorb over a period of 15-30 minutes.

This substance had no history of human use before being sold online as a [[designer drug]] in 2010.{{citation needed}} Extremely little is known about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 25B-NBOMe in humans, and numerous members of the [[25x-NBOMe]] series have been associated with hospitalizations and deaths. Along with its highly sensitive dose-response and unpredictable effects, many reports also suggest that this substance may be overly difficult to use safely. Therefore it is highly advised to approach this poorly understood, potentially deadly [[psychedelic]] substance with the proper amount of precaution and [[Responsible drug use#Hallucinogens|harm reduction practices]] if choosing to use it.

==Chemistry==

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*'''[[Effect::Auditory distortion|Distortions]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Auditory hallucinations|Hallucinations]]'''

===Experience reports===

There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found here:

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Although many substances are safe on their own, they can become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with other substances. The list below contains some common potentially dangerous combinations, but may not include all of them. Certain combinations may be relatively harmless in low doses of each but can still increase the risk of unpredictable injury or death. [https://www.google.com/ Independent research] should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.

*'''[[Tramadol]]''' - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold<ref>Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of medical toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089</ref> and [[psychedelics]] may act as triggers for seizures, particularly in those who are predisposed to them.<ref>Fisher, D. D., & Ungerleider, J. T. (1967). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1502729/ Grand mal seizures following ingestion of LSD]. California Medicine, 106(3), 210. PMCID: PMC1502729</ref><ref>Question ID: 2837 (Ask Erowid) | https://www.erowid.org/ask/ask.php?ID=2837</ref>

*'''[[Tramadol]]''' - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold<ref>Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of medical toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161089</ref> and [[psychedelics]] may act as triggers for seizures, particularly in those who are predisposed to them.{{citation needed}}

*'''[[Stimulants]]''' - ~~Combining stimulants~~ with psychedelics ~~may induce states of~~ uncontrollable anxiety, panic, [[thought loops]], and ~~increase the~~ risk of psychosis.~~<ref>Tripsit Factsheets - LSD | http://drugs.tripsit.me/lsd</ref>~~

*'''[[Stimulants]]''' - Stimulants affect many parts of the brain. Combined with psychedelics, stimulation can turn into uncontrollable [[anxiety]], [[Panic attacks|panic]], [[thought loops]] and [[paranoia]]. This interaction may cause elevated risk of psychosis.{{citation needed}}

*'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_(medication) Lithium]''' - Lithium is often used as treatment for bipolar disorder. It may possibly cause elevated risk of seizures and psychosis due to its [[Glutamate|glutaminergic]] and [[GABA|GABAergic]] effects.{{citation needed}}

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-{{Warning/25B-NBOMe}}
+{{Headerpanel|{{Warning/25B-NBOMe}}}}
 {{SummarySheet}}
 {{SubstanceBox/25B-NBOMe}}
-'''25B-NBOMe''' ('''2C-B-NBOMe''') is a derivative of the [[Chemical class::Phenethylamine|substituted phenethylamine]] [[Psychoactive class::psychedelic]] [[2C-B]], discovered in 2004 by [[Ralf Heim]] at the Free University of Berlin. Anecdotal reports from users suggest 25B-NBOMe to be an active hallucinogen at a dose of as little as 250–500 µg, making it a similar potency to other phenethylamine derived [[hallucinogens]] such as [[Bromo-DragonFLY]].<ref>Bromo-Dragonfly Dosage by Erowid | https://erowid.org/chemicals/bromo_dragonfly/bromo_dragonfly_dose.shtml</ref> Duration of effects lasts about 8–12 hours.<ref>25B-NBOME TripSit | http://drugs.tripsit.me/25b-nbome</ref>
+'''25B-NBOMe''' (also known as '''Cimbi-36''' and '''2C-B-NBOMe''') is novel synthetic [[Psychoactive class::psychedelic]] substance of the [[chemical class::phenethylamine]] chemical class. It produces an array of visually-dominant and stimulating [[psychedelic]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]].
-It is worth noting that compounds of the [[25x-NBOMe|NBOMe]] class are not [[oral]]ly active and should therefore be taken [[sublingual]]ly by simply placing the substance into one's mouth and allowing it to slowly absorb over a period of 30 minutes.
+The name 25B-NBOMe, which short-hand for 2C-B-NBOMe, is a derivative of the phenethylamine psychedelic [[2C-B]]. It was discovered in 2004 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin.<ref>Ralf Heim (February 28, 2010). [http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/receive/FUDISS_thesis_000000001221 "Synthese und Pharmakologie potenter 5-HT2A-Rezeptoragonisten mit N-2-Methoxybenzyl-Partialstruktur. Entwicklung eines neuen Struktur-Wirkungskonzepts."] (in German). diss.fu-berlin.de. Retrieved 2013-05-10.</ref> It acts as a potent partial agonist for the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor.<ref name="25BSAR">Hansen, M.; Phonekeo, K.; Paine, J. S.; Leth-Petersen, S.; Begtrup, M.; Bräuner-Osborne, H.; Kristensen, J. L. (2014). "Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of N-Benzyl Phenethylamines as 5-HT2A/2C Agonists". ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 5 (3): 243–9. PMID 24397362. https://doi.org/10.1021/cn400216u</ref> It has been used in clinical trials with an evaluation dose for safety consideration to humans of only 1 microgram. Such a dose was determined to be only 1/300th the dose expected to be hallucinogenic to humans and that recreational use would greatly exceed doses determined to be safe to humans.<ref name="25BSAR" />
-The chemical had no history of human use prior to being sold online as a [[designer drug]] through [[research chemical]] vendors in 2010.{{citation needed}}
+Anecdotal reports from users suggest 25B-NBOMe to be an active [[hallucinogen]] at a dose of as little as 250–500 µg, making it a similar potency to other phenethylamine derived [[hallucinogens]] such as [[Bromo-DragonFLY]].<ref>Bromo-Dragonfly Dosage by Erowid | https://erowid.org/chemicals/bromo_dragonfly/bromo_dragonfly_dose.shtml</ref> It is worth noting that compounds of the [[25x-NBOMe|NBOMe]] class are not [[oral|orally]] active and should therefore be taken [[sublingual|sublingually]] by placing the substance into one's mouth and allowing it to slowly absorb over a period of 15-30 minutes.
+This substance had no history of human use before being sold online as a [[designer drug]] in 2010.{{citation needed}} Extremely little is known about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 25B-NBOMe in humans, and numerous members of the [[25x-NBOMe]] series have been associated with hospitalizations and deaths. Along with its highly sensitive dose-response and unpredictable effects, many reports also suggest that this substance may be overly difficult to use safely. Therefore it is highly advised to approach this poorly understood, potentially deadly [[psychedelic]] substance with the proper amount of precaution and [[Responsible drug use#Hallucinogens|harm reduction practices]] if choosing to use it.
 ==Chemistry==
@@ Line 73: / Line 75: @@
 *'''[[Effect::Auditory distortion|Distortions]]'''
 *'''[[Effect::Auditory hallucinations|Hallucinations]]'''
 ===Experience reports===
 There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found here:
@@ Line 98: / Line 101: @@
 Although many substances are safe on their own, they can become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with other substances. The list below contains some common potentially dangerous combinations, but may not include all of them. Certain combinations may be relatively harmless in low doses of each but can still increase the risk of unpredictable injury or death. [https://www.google.com/ Independent research] should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.
-*'''[[Tramadol]]''' - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold<ref>Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of medical toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089</ref> and [[psychedelics]] may act as triggers for seizures, particularly in those who are predisposed to them.<ref>Fisher, D. D., & Ungerleider, J. T. (1967). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1502729/ Grand mal seizures following ingestion of LSD]. California Medicine, 106(3), 210. PMCID: PMC1502729</ref><ref>Question ID: 2837 (Ask Erowid) | https://www.erowid.org/ask/ask.php?ID=2837</ref>
+*'''[[Tramadol]]''' - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold<ref>Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of medical toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161089</ref> and [[psychedelics]] may act as triggers for seizures, particularly in those who are predisposed to them.{{citation needed}}
-*'''[[Stimulants]]''' - Combining stimulants with psychedelics may induce states of uncontrollable anxiety, panic, [[thought loops]], and increase the risk of psychosis.<ref>Tripsit Factsheets - LSD | http://drugs.tripsit.me/lsd</ref>
+*'''[[Stimulants]]''' - Stimulants affect many parts of the brain. Combined with psychedelics, stimulation can turn into uncontrollable [[anxiety]], [[Panic attacks|panic]], [[thought loops]] and [[paranoia]]. This interaction may cause elevated risk of psychosis.{{citation needed}}
 *'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_(medication) Lithium]''' - Lithium is often used as treatment for bipolar disorder. It may possibly cause elevated risk of seizures and psychosis due to its [[Glutamate|glutaminergic]] and [[GABA|GABAergic]] effects.{{citation needed}}