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25I-NBOMe: Difference between revisions
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'''25I-NBOMe''' (also known as '''2C-I-NBOMe''', '''Cimbi-5''' or '''N-Bomb''' (although this term might also include other members of the [[25x-NBOMe]] family)) is a derivative of the [[Chemical class::Phenethylamine|substituted phenethylamine]] [[Psychoactive class::psychedelic]] [[2C-I]], discovered in 2003 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin,<ref name="Ralf Heim PhD. (2010-02-28)">Ralf Heim PhD. (2010-02-28) "Synthese und Pharmakologie potenter 5-HT2A-Rezeptoragonisten mit N-2-Methoxybenzyl-Partialstruktur. Entwicklung eines neuen Struktur-Wirkungskonzepts." | http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/receive/FUDISS_thesis_000000001221 (in German). diss.fu-berlin.de. Retrieved 2013-05-10.</ref> and subsequently investigated by a team at Purdue University led by [[David E. Nichols|David Nichols]].<ref name="Michael Robert Braden PhD. (2007)">Michael Robert Braden PhD. (2007). "Towards a biophysical understanding of hallucinogen action." | http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?Ver=1&Exp=01-23-2014&FMT=7&DID=1417800971&RQT=309&attempt=1&cfc=1 Purdue University. Retrieved 2012-08-08.</ref> | '''25I-NBOMe''' (also known as '''2C-I-NBOMe''', '''Cimbi-5''' or '''N-Bomb''' (although this term might also include other members of the [[25x-NBOMe]] family)) is a derivative of the [[Chemical class::Phenethylamine|substituted phenethylamine]] [[Psychoactive class::psychedelic]] [[2C-I]], discovered in 2003 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin,<ref name="Ralf Heim PhD. (2010-02-28)">Ralf Heim PhD. (2010-02-28) "Synthese und Pharmakologie potenter 5-HT2A-Rezeptoragonisten mit N-2-Methoxybenzyl-Partialstruktur. Entwicklung eines neuen Struktur-Wirkungskonzepts." | http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/receive/FUDISS_thesis_000000001221 (in German). diss.fu-berlin.de. Retrieved 2013-05-10.</ref> and subsequently investigated by a team at Purdue University led by [[David E. Nichols|David Nichols]].<ref name="Michael Robert Braden PhD. (2007)">Michael Robert Braden PhD. (2007). "Towards a biophysical understanding of hallucinogen action." | http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?Ver=1&Exp=01-23-2014&FMT=7&DID=1417800971&RQT=309&attempt=1&cfc=1 Purdue University. Retrieved 2012-08-08.</ref> | ||
It is worth noting that compounds of the [[25x-NBOMe|NBOMe]] class are not [[oral]]ly active and should, therefore, be taken [[sublingual]]ly by simply placing the substance into one's mouth and allowing it to absorb over a period of 30 minutes slowly. | It is worth noting that compounds of the [[25x-NBOMe|NBOMe]] class are not [[oral]]ly active and should, therefore, be taken [[sublingual]]ly by simply placing the substance into one's mouth and allowing it to absorb over a period of 30 minutes slowly. 25I-NBOMe can also be vaporized and inhaled; this may cause significantly quicker effects and shorter duration as is expected from that route of administration. However, this route of administration is not recommended, unless using precise liquid measurement, due to the difficulties of measuring and handling substances active in the microgram range. | ||
25I-NBOMe can also be vaporized and inhaled; this may cause significantly quicker effects and shorter duration as is expected from that route of administration. However, this route of administration is not recommended, unless using precise liquid measurement, due to the difficulties of measuring and handling substances active in the microgram range. | |||
In comparison to [[2C-I]], the addition of an NBOMe group to the structure results in a sixteen-fold increase in potency, allowing even the most extreme of dosages to fit in liquid form onto tabs and blotter paper, which people often mistake for [[LSD]]. 25i-NBOMe has a distinctly bitter and metallic taste that [[LSD]] does not have, which can be useful in determining what substance is really on the blotter. | In comparison to [[2C-I]], the addition of an NBOMe group to the structure results in a sixteen-fold increase in potency, allowing even the most extreme of dosages to fit in liquid form onto tabs and blotter paper, which people often mistake for [[LSD]]. 25i-NBOMe has a distinctly bitter and metallic taste that [[LSD]] does not have, which can be useful in determining what substance is really on the blotter. | ||
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==Toxicity and harm potential== | ==Toxicity and harm potential== | ||
{{further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential|Responsible use #Hallucinogens}} | {{further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential|Responsible use #Hallucinogens}} | ||
25I-NBOMe is a relatively new substance, and little is known about its pharmacological risks or its interaction with other substances. The [[LD50|LD<sub>50</sub>]] has not yet been determined although it is [[Toxicity::potentially fatal at heavy dosages]].<ref name=" | 25I-NBOMe is a relatively new substance, and little is known about its pharmacological risks or its interaction with other substances. The [[LD50|LD<sub>50</sub>]] has not yet been determined although it is [[Toxicity::potentially fatal at heavy dosages]].<ref name="25IFatalities" /> "Fatalities / Deaths". Erowid. April 26 2013. Retrieved 7 May 2013. | http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ci_nbome/2ci_nbome_death.shtml</ref> [[PsychonautWiki]] advises that due to 25I-NBOMe's extreme potency it should not be insufflated as this method of administration appears to have led to several deaths in the past year.<ref>http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2ci_nbome/2ci_nbome.shtml/</ref> | ||
This substance came to media attention in early 2012 after a cluster of seven non-fatal [[overdose]]s with the drug were reported in or around Richmond, Virginia.<ref name="Kids overdosing on new drug"> "Kids overdosing on new drug. Laura Geller, WWBT NBC12, Feb 18, 2012 | http://www.nbc12.com/story/16964534/kids-overdosing-on-new-drug</ref><ref name="New street drug"> New street drug causing concern among medics. Vanessa Araiza, WBRC, Feb 28, 2012 | http://www.wsfa.com/story/16977573/new-street-drug-causing-concern-among-medics</ref> As of May 2013, 25I-NBOMe has reportedly led to five overdose deaths in the United States.<ref | This substance came to media attention in early 2012 after a cluster of seven non-fatal [[overdose]]s with the drug were reported in or around Richmond, Virginia.<ref name="Kids overdosing on new drug"> "Kids overdosing on new drug. Laura Geller, WWBT NBC12, Feb 18, 2012 | http://www.nbc12.com/story/16964534/kids-overdosing-on-new-drug</ref><ref name="New street drug"> New street drug causing concern among medics. Vanessa Araiza, WBRC, Feb 28, 2012 | http://www.wsfa.com/story/16977573/new-street-drug-causing-concern-among-medics</ref> As of May 2013, 25I-NBOMe has reportedly led to five overdose deaths in the United States.<ref> New drug N-bomb hits the street, terrifying parents, troubling cops | http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/new-synthetic-hallucinogen-n-bomb-killing-users-cops-article-1.1336327</ref> In June 2012, two teens in Grand Forks, North Dakota and East Grand Forks, Minnesota fatally overdosed on a substance that was allegedly 25I-NBOMe, resulting in lengthy sentences for two of the parties involved and a Federal indictment against the Texas-based online vendor.<ref> Breaking Bad: Digital Drug Sales, Analog Drug Deaths. Craig Malisow, Houston Press, March 13, 2013 | http://www.houstonpress.com/2013-03-14/news/motion-research-charles-carlton/</ref> | ||
A 21-year-old man from Little Rock, Arkansas died in October 2012 after taking a liquid drop of the drug nasally at a music festival. He was reported to have consumed caffeinated alcoholic beverages for "several hours" beforehand. It is unclear what other drugs he may have consumed, as autopsies generally do not test for the presence of research chemicals.<ref name="21 yr old dies"> 21-year-old dies after one drop of new synthetic drug at Voodoo Fest. Naomi Martin, NOLA, November 1, 2012 | http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2012/11/21-year-old_dies_after_one_dro.html#incart_m-rpt-2/</ref> | A 21-year-old man from Little Rock, Arkansas died in October 2012 after taking a liquid drop of the drug nasally at a music festival. He was reported to have consumed caffeinated alcoholic beverages for "several hours" beforehand. It is unclear what other drugs he may have consumed, as autopsies generally do not test for the presence of research chemicals.<ref name="21 yr old dies"> 21-year-old dies after one drop of new synthetic drug at Voodoo Fest. Naomi Martin, NOLA, November 1, 2012 | http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2012/11/21-year-old_dies_after_one_dro.html#incart_m-rpt-2/</ref> | ||