5-Hydroxytryptophan: Difference between revisions

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| ''[[5-HTP/Summary|Summary sheet: 5-HTP]]''

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'''5-Hydroxytryptophan''', also known as '''5-HTP''' and '''~~oxitriptan~~''', is a naturally occurring amino acid ~~and~~ chemical precursor as well as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters [[serotonin]] and [[melatonin]] from [[tryptophan]]. It is available over the counter in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada as a dietary supplement and ~~often~~ used as an [[antidepressant]], sleep aid, and appetite suppressant. In some European countries, it is marketed as a prescription drug for the treatment of major depression.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=5GpcTQD_L2oC&lpg=PA1528&pg=PA773&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false | Swiss Pharmaceutical Society (2000). Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory (Book with CD-ROM). Boca Raton: Medpharm Scientific Publishers. ISBN 3-88763-075-0.</ref>

'''5-Hydroxytryptophan''' (also known as '''5-HTP''', and '''Oxitriptan''') is a naturally occurring amino acid. It acts as a chemical precursor as well as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]] and [[melatonin]] from [[tryptophan]] in the human body.{{citation needed}} It is available over the counter in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada as a dietary supplement and is sometimes used as an [[antidepressant]], sleep aid, and appetite suppressant. In some European countries, it is marketed as a prescription drug for the treatment of major depression.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=5GpcTQD_L2oC&lpg=PA1528&pg=PA773&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false | Swiss Pharmaceutical Society (2000). Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory (Book with CD-ROM). Boca Raton: Medpharm Scientific Publishers. ISBN 3-88763-075-0.</ref>

5-HTP is also popularly consumed by users of [[MDMA]] and other serotonin-releasing agents to try to reduce the negative [[MDMA#After_effects|after effects]] that begin during the ~~drug~~'s [[duration|come down]] period, including [[anxiety]], [[depression]], and [[cognitive fatigue]].<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452207006732 | Wang, X.; Baumann, M. H.; Dersch, C. M.; Rothman, R. B. (2007-08-10). "Restoration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced 5-HT depletion by the administration of l-5-hydroxytryptophan". Neuroscience. 148 (1): 212–220. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.05.024. PMID 17629409.</ref> Since 5-HTP is a precursor for the neurotransmitter [[serotonin]] and MDMA depletes ~~both~~ serotonin levels in the brain as well as inhibit the enzyme needed to produce it (i.e. tryptophan hydroxylase) for a short period after.<ref>Acute inactivation of tryptophan hydroxylase by amphetamine analogs involves the oxidation of sulfhydryl sites | http://www.maps.org/images/pdf/1989_stone_1.pdf</ref> It is believed that taking 5-HTP in the days after coming down will speed up the production of serotonin and decrease the time needed to recover (though there are many popular misconceptions and controversies as to just how effective it is for this purpose).{{Citation needed}}

5-HTP is also popularly consumed by users of [[MDMA]] and other serotonin-releasing agents to try to reduce the negative [[MDMA#After_effects|after effects]] that begin during the substance's [[duration|come down]] period, including [[anxiety]], [[depression]], and [[cognitive fatigue]].<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452207006732 | Wang, X.; Baumann, M. H.; Dersch, C. M.; Rothman, R. B. (2007-08-10). "Restoration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced 5-HT depletion by the administration of l-5-hydroxytryptophan". Neuroscience. 148 (1): 212–220. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.05.024. PMID 17629409.</ref> Since 5-HTP is a precursor for the neurotransmitter [[serotonin]] and MDMA administration both depletes serotonin levels in the brain as well as inhibit the enzyme needed to produce it (i.e. tryptophan hydroxylase) for a short period after,<ref>Acute inactivation of tryptophan hydroxylase by amphetamine analogs involves the oxidation of sulfhydryl sites | http://www.maps.org/images/pdf/1989_stone_1.pdf</ref> it is believed that taking 5-HTP in the days after coming down will speed up the production of serotonin and decrease the time needed to recover (though there are many popular misconceptions and controversies as to just how effective it is for this purpose).{{Citation needed}}

5-HTP should not be taken until 12 hours after one's last dose of MDMA because combining the two drugs could synergistically increase brain's serotonin levels to dangerous degrees -- resulting in a potentially life-threatening condition called [[serotonin syndrome]].

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 | ''[[5-HTP/Summary|Summary sheet: 5-HTP]]''
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-'''5-Hydroxytryptophan''', also known as '''5-HTP''' and '''oxitriptan''', is a naturally occurring amino acid and chemical precursor as well as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters [[serotonin]] and [[melatonin]] from [[tryptophan]]. It is available over the counter in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada as a dietary supplement and often used as an [[antidepressant]], sleep aid, and appetite suppressant. In some European countries, it is marketed as a prescription drug for the treatment of major depression.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=5GpcTQD_L2oC&lpg=PA1528&pg=PA773&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false | Swiss Pharmaceutical Society (2000). Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory (Book with CD-ROM). Boca Raton: Medpharm Scientific Publishers. ISBN 3-88763-075-0.</ref>
+'''5-Hydroxytryptophan''' (also known as '''5-HTP''', and '''Oxitriptan''') is a naturally occurring amino acid. It acts as a chemical precursor as well as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]] and [[melatonin]] from [[tryptophan]] in the human body.{{citation needed}} It is available over the counter in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada as a dietary supplement and is sometimes used as an [[antidepressant]], sleep aid, and appetite suppressant. In some European countries, it is marketed as a prescription drug for the treatment of major depression.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=5GpcTQD_L2oC&lpg=PA1528&pg=PA773&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false | Swiss Pharmaceutical Society (2000). Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory (Book with CD-ROM). Boca Raton: Medpharm Scientific Publishers. ISBN 3-88763-075-0.</ref>
--HTP is also popularly consumed by users of [[MDMA]] and other serotonin-releasing agents to try to reduce the negative [[MDMA#After_effects|after effects]] that begin during the drug's [[duration|come down]] period, including [[anxiety]], [[depression]], and [[cognitive fatigue]].<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452207006732 | Wang, X.; Baumann, M. H.; Dersch, C. M.; Rothman, R. B. (2007-08-10). "Restoration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced 5-HT depletion by the administration of l-5-hydroxytryptophan". Neuroscience. 148 (1): 212–220. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.05.024. PMID 17629409.</ref> Since 5-HTP is a precursor for the neurotransmitter [[serotonin]] and MDMA depletes both serotonin levels in the brain as well as inhibit the enzyme needed to produce it (i.e. tryptophan hydroxylase) for a short period after.<ref>Acute inactivation of tryptophan hydroxylase by amphetamine analogs involves the oxidation of sulfhydryl sites | http://www.maps.org/images/pdf/1989_stone_1.pdf</ref> It is believed that taking 5-HTP in the days after coming down will speed up the production of serotonin and decrease the time needed to recover (though there are many popular misconceptions and controversies as to just how effective it is for this purpose).{{Citation needed}}
+-HTP is also popularly consumed by users of [[MDMA]] and other serotonin-releasing agents to try to reduce the negative [[MDMA#After_effects|after effects]] that begin during the substance's [[duration|come down]] period, including [[anxiety]], [[depression]], and [[cognitive fatigue]].<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452207006732 | Wang, X.; Baumann, M. H.; Dersch, C. M.; Rothman, R. B. (2007-08-10). "Restoration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced 5-HT depletion by the administration of l-5-hydroxytryptophan". Neuroscience. 148 (1): 212–220. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.05.024. PMID 17629409.</ref> Since 5-HTP is a precursor for the neurotransmitter [[serotonin]] and MDMA administration both depletes serotonin levels in the brain as well as inhibit the enzyme needed to produce it (i.e. tryptophan hydroxylase) for a short period after,<ref>Acute inactivation of tryptophan hydroxylase by amphetamine analogs involves the oxidation of sulfhydryl sites | http://www.maps.org/images/pdf/1989_stone_1.pdf</ref> it is believed that taking 5-HTP in the days after coming down will speed up the production of serotonin and decrease the time needed to recover (though there are many popular misconceptions and controversies as to just how effective it is for this purpose).{{Citation needed}}
 -HTP should not be taken until 12 hours after one's last dose of MDMA because combining the two drugs could synergistically increase brain's serotonin levels to dangerous degrees -- resulting in a potentially life-threatening condition called [[serotonin syndrome]].