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Butane hash oil (BHO) extraction: Difference between revisions
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This is a [[preparation|tutorial]] for the extraction of hash oil from [[cannabis]] using liquid butane (commonly referred to as '''B.H.O'''). The aim of this tutorial is to provide a simple, straight-forward and risk-minimized procedure for the producer to produce a personal amount of hash oil in an outdoor environment. It has been deliberately designed to use the simplest, most accessible materials and equipment typically available while keeping the safety of the extractor (and local environment) in mind - for this reason, performing this extract indoors is inherently dangerous and should not be attempted. | This is a [[preparation|tutorial]] for the extraction of hash oil from [[cannabis]] using liquid butane (commonly referred to as '''B.H.O'''). The aim of this tutorial is to provide a simple, straight-forward and risk-minimized procedure for the producer to produce a personal amount of hash oil in an outdoor environment. It has been deliberately designed to use the simplest, most accessible materials and equipment typically available while keeping the safety of the extractor (and local environment) in mind - for this reason, performing this extract indoors is inherently dangerous and should not be attempted. | ||
Despite the simplicity of the extraction, it still requires some more advanced technical equipment such as a ''vacuum pump'', and should not be performed if one cannot afford or acquire these things. This process is ideally conducted in a professional or lab environment and conducting them in home settings is generally inadvisable due to its high-risk nature. It | Despite the simplicity of the extraction, it still requires some more advanced technical equipment such as a ''vacuum pump'', and should not be performed if one cannot afford or acquire these things. This process is ideally conducted in a professional or lab environment and conducting them in home settings is generally inadvisable due to its high-risk nature. It is provided solely for educational and harm-reduction purposes only. | ||
==Risks and Hazards== | ==Risks and Hazards== | ||
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* '''Vacuum chamber and pump''' - A single stage pump is sufficient. Be wary of shorter chambers as the oil might bubble high enough to touch the lid. | * '''Vacuum chamber and pump''' - A single stage pump is sufficient. Be wary of shorter chambers as the oil might bubble high enough to touch the lid. | ||
[[File:Vacpump.jpg|200px|thumb|right|A two gallon vacuum chamber and pump apparatus.]] | [[File:Vacpump.jpg|200px|thumb|right|A two gallon vacuum chamber and pump apparatus.]] | ||
* '''Coffee filter and rubber band or hose clamp''' - Be careful not to rip the coffee filter, especially when it is wet! | * '''Coffee filter and rubber band or hose clamp''' - Be careful not to rip the coffee filter, especially when it is wet! It is recommended that there are multiple coffee filters used to attach to the bottom of the extraction tube, so have plenty on hand. | ||
* '''Pyrex | * '''Pyrex baking dish''' - This should have a large surface area to increase the evaporation rate of the solvent. | ||
* '''Protective gloves and mask''' - This is needed to protect against the frozen tube and butane vapors, both of which can cause bodily harm - '''Wearing the proper safety equipment is imperative for properly performing a B.H.O. extraction'''. | * '''Protective gloves and mask''' - This is needed to protect against the frozen tube and butane vapors, both of which can cause bodily harm - '''Wearing the proper safety equipment is imperative for properly performing a B.H.O. extraction'''. | ||
* '''Heat source''' - Avoid any open flame heat sources and heat sources that can cause flammable sparks as '''butane is unpredictable, highly flammable and explosive!''' An induction hot plate is a viable heat source option, as is any non-sparking, flame proof electrical heater or a simple water bath. If using a hot water bath, make sure to monitor the temperature. | * '''Heat source''' - Avoid any open flame heat sources and heat sources that can cause flammable sparks as '''butane is unpredictable, highly flammable and explosive!''' An induction hot plate is a viable heat source option, as is any non-sparking, flame proof electrical heater or a simple water bath. If using a hot water bath, make sure to monitor the temperature and set it up over an induction heat source that does not have a pilot light. | ||
* '''Fire extinguisher''' - This can make the difference between life and death if a fire or explosion occurs. Always have a fire extinguisher or fire blanket on hand in case of fire. | * '''Fire extinguisher''' - This can make the difference between life and death if a fire or explosion occurs. Always have a fire extinguisher or fire blanket on hand in case of fire. | ||
* '''Parchment paper or slick mat''' | * '''Parchment paper or slick mat''' - This is used to pour the B.H.O. into after the purge step, to be placed in the vacuum chamber. | ||
* '''Laser thermometer''' - This greatly aids in monitoring and controlling temperature. | * '''Laser thermometer''' - This greatly aids in monitoring and controlling temperature. | ||
*'''Dehydrator''' - This is an optional piece of equipment that can dehydrate the [[cannabis]] before the extraction procedure. | |||
==Procedure== | ==Procedure== | ||
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# Break up (not grind) the [[cannabis]] into small and loose pieces. This increases the surface area for the solvent and maximizes the amount of material to be extracted. | # Break up (not grind) the [[cannabis]] into small and loose pieces. This increases the surface area for the solvent and maximizes the amount of material to be extracted. | ||
# Pack your extraction tube in a firm manner. Be careful not to over pack the tube full of [[cannabis]] as the butane must be allowed to flow through the material freely by the force of gravity. | # Pack your extraction tube in a firm manner. Be careful not to over pack the tube full of [[cannabis]] as the butane must be allowed to flow through the material freely by the force of gravity. | ||
# Cover the open end with | # Cover the open end with four coffee filters and secure with rubber band or clamp. This is imperative to prevent the plant material from exiting the extraction tube along with the butane. | ||
# Freeze your filled tube in your freezer in an air-tight container (this minimizes condensation) for a ''minimum of 2 hours''. | # Freeze your filled tube in your freezer in an air-tight container (this minimizes condensation) for a ''minimum of 2 hours''. | ||
# Once frozen, put on the protective gloves, mask, and any other protective equipment and remove the tube from the freezer. Proper protective wear is imperative during this step. | # Once frozen, put on the protective gloves, mask, and any other protective equipment and remove the tube from the freezer. Proper protective wear is imperative during this step. | ||
# | # In an outdoor area, prepare the pyrex tray that will be used to catch the liquid butane exiting the extraction tube. Place the pyrex or glass dish in a '''WELL ventilated space''', which is only truly achievable outdoors or under a fume hood. This step is vital to ensuring a safe and explosion proof extraction process. | ||
# Begin pouring the butane into the tube filled with [[cannabis]] from the small vent opening on one end. The butane should flow through the material to the bottom | # Begin pouring the butane into the extraction tube filled with [[cannabis]] from the small vent opening on one end. The butane should flow through the [[cannabis]] material to the bottom of the tube and fall into the pyrex dish. Due to the expansion of the liquid butane into gaseous butane, there will be a temperature drop within the tube. The tube will become very cold or frozen and impossible to hold without heat-resistant gloves or test tube tongs meant for extreme temperatures. | ||
# Continue to pour the butane into the tube until the exiting butane lacks color and runs clear. | # Continue to pour the butane into the extraction tube until the exiting butane lacks color and runs clear. | ||
# At this point allow most of your solvent to evaporate from the dish in the well-ventilated space free from mechanical or electrical sparks. Agitate occasionally at a safe distance. If using a hot water bath to aid in evaporation, monitor the temperature of the bath to keep it below boiling yet warm enough to aid in evaporation. | # At this point allow most of your solvent to evaporate from the dish in the well-ventilated space free from mechanical or electrical sparks. Agitate occasionally at a safe distance. If using a hot water bath to aid in evaporation, monitor the temperature of the bath to keep it below boiling yet warm enough to aid in evaporation. '''Make sure to have a fire extinguisher near by in case of emergencies.''' | ||
===Final Steps=== | ===Final Steps=== | ||
# Once most of the | # Once most of the butane has evaporated from the extraction trays, pour the liquid extract onto parchment paper or an oil slick and place it into the vacuum. | ||
# Turn on the vacuum and allow to reach full vacuum capacity which is typically around 29 in/Hg at sea level. The oil will begin to bubble and muffin up as the trapped butane escapes the extract into the chamber. | # Turn on the vacuum and allow to reach full vacuum capacity which is typically around 29 in/Hg at sea level. The oil will begin to bubble and muffin up as the trapped butane escapes the extract into the chamber. | ||
# Wait several hours for the muffin tops to fall and the bubbles to stop forming. This activity signals that butane is exiting the B.H.O. as intended. | # Wait several hours for the muffin tops to fall and the bubbles to stop forming. This activity signals that butane is exiting the B.H.O. as intended. | ||
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File:Frozen Tube.jpeg | Frozen Tube | File:Frozen Tube.jpeg | Frozen Tube | ||
File:Butane Evap.jpeg | Butane Evaporation Process | File:Butane Evap.jpeg | Butane Evaporation Process | ||
File:Vacuum Chamber.jpeg | Vacuum | File:Vacuum Chamber.jpeg | Vacuum Chamber | ||
File:Purge.jpeg | The Purge Step | File:Purge.jpeg | The Purge Step | ||
File:Final product.jpeg | Final B.H.O. Extract | File:Final product.jpeg | Final B.H.O. Extract | ||
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* https://skunkpharmresearch.com/bho-extraction/ | * https://skunkpharmresearch.com/bho-extraction/ | ||
* https://skunkpharmresearch.com/vacuum-purging-and-processing-tips/ | * https://skunkpharmresearch.com/vacuum-purging-and-processing-tips/ | ||
* https://learnpot.blogspot.com/p/equipment-fire-extinguisher-safety.html | |||
[[Category:Proofread]][[Category:Extraction]][[Category:Tutorials]] | [[Category:Proofread]][[Category:Extraction]][[Category:Tutorials]] | ||