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Talk:Dextrorphan: Difference between revisions
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'''Dextrorphan''' (also known as '''DXO''') is a [[dissociative]] drug of the [[morphinan]] class. It's the main active metabolite of [[dextromethorphan]] ('''DXM'''). It appears as a colorless powder.<ref> | '''Dextrorphan''' (also known as '''DXO''') is a [[dissociative]] drug of the [[morphinan]] class. It's the main active metabolite of [[dextromethorphan]] ('''DXM'''). It appears as a colorless powder.<ref> | ||
"Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student." Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student. Erowid.org, 15 Sept. 2001. Web. 15 Apr. 2015 | "Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student." Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student. Erowid.org, 15 Sept. 2001. Web. 15 Apr. 2015 | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/dxm_info3.shtml</ref> | ||
==Chemistry== | ==Chemistry== | ||
Dextrorphan is a dextrorotatory molecule of the morphinan class. It contains a phenanthrene core structure with one aromatic ring (benzene) bound to two saturated rings (cyclohexane). [[Dextromethorphan]] is metabolized in the body by o-demethylation through the CYP2D6 enzyme to form Dextrorphan.<ref>Cytochrome P450-dependent metabolism of dextromethorphan: fetal and adult studies. | Dextrorphan is a dextrorotatory molecule of the morphinan class. It contains a phenanthrene core structure with one aromatic ring (benzene) bound to two saturated rings (cyclohexane). [[Dextromethorphan]] is metabolized in the body by o-demethylation through the CYP2D6 enzyme to form Dextrorphan.<ref>Cytochrome P450-dependent metabolism of dextromethorphan: fetal and adult studies. | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1306804</ref> | ||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
The pharmacology of dextrorphan is similar to that of dextromethorphan (DXM). However, dextrorphan is much more potent as an [[NMDA receptor antagonist]] as well as essentially inactive as a [[serotonin]] [[reuptake inhibitor]].<ref>Psychotropic Effects of Dextromethorphan Are Altered by the CYP2D6 Polymorphism: A Pilot Study | The pharmacology of dextrorphan is similar to that of dextromethorphan (DXM). However, dextrorphan is much more potent as an [[NMDA receptor antagonist]] as well as essentially inactive as a [[serotonin]] [[reuptake inhibitor]].<ref>Psychotropic Effects of Dextromethorphan Are Altered by the CYP2D6 Polymorphism: A Pilot Study | http://journals.lww.com/psychopharmacology/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=1998&issue=08000&article=00014&type=abstract</ref> DXO is an active chemical and contributes to the [[DXM#Subjective effects|subjective effects]] experienced when active doses of DXM are consumed.<ref>Dextromethorphan: An update on its utility for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders - 3. Pharmacodynamics (January 2016) | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292212463_Dextromethorphan_An_update_on_its_utility_for_neurological_and_neuropsychiatric_disorders</ref> | ||
===Binding affinities (K<sub>i</sub>)=== | ===Binding affinities (K<sub>i</sub>)=== | ||
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One user reported excessive itchiness accompanied by a "peaceful yet emotionless state" after 340mg of the substance was consumed.<ref> | One user reported excessive itchiness accompanied by a "peaceful yet emotionless state" after 340mg of the substance was consumed.<ref> | ||
"Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student." Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student. Erowid.org, 15 Sept. 2001. Web. 15 Apr. 2015 | "Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student." Erowid DXM Vault : An Unpleasant Exploration of DXO, by Student. Erowid.org, 15 Sept. 2001. Web. 15 Apr. 2015 | https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/dxm_info3.shtml</ref> | ||
===Physical effects=== | ===Physical effects=== | ||
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]''' | ||
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{{legalStub}} | {{legalStub}} | ||
* '''Germany:''' Not controlled | * '''Germany:''' Not controlled | ||
* '''Poland:''' Unscheduled<ref>List of scheduled substances in Poland. | * '''Poland:''' Unscheduled<ref>List of scheduled substances in Poland. | http://www2.mz.gov.pl/wwwfiles/ma_struktura/docs/zal2_uopnarkomanii_29072005.pdf</ref> | ||
* '''United States:''' Unscheduled since October 1, 1976.<ref>DEA: "Lists of: Scheduling Actions Controlled Substances Regulated Chemicals"</ref> | * '''United States:''' Unscheduled since October 1, 1976.<ref>DEA: "Lists of: Scheduling Actions Controlled Substances Regulated Chemicals"</ref> | ||