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Modafinil: Difference between revisions
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| colspan="2" style="background:lightblue;text-align:center;font-size:9pt" | '''Dosage (oral)''' | | colspan="2" style="background:lightblue;text-align:center;font-size:9pt" | '''Dosage (oral)''' | ||
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| style="font-size:9pt" | Threshold || style="font-size:9pt" | 0 | | style="font-size:9pt" | Threshold || style="font-size:9pt" | 0 - 0<sub>mg</sub> | ||
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| style="font-size:9pt" | Light || style="font-size:9pt" | | | style="font-size:9pt" | Light || style="font-size:9pt" | 0 - 0<sub>mg</sub> | ||
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| style="font-size:9pt" | Common || style="font-size:9pt" | | | style="font-size:9pt" | Common || style="font-size:9pt" | 0 - 0<sub>mg</sub> | ||
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| style="font-size:9pt" | Strong || style="font-size:9pt" | | | style="font-size:9pt" | Strong || style="font-size:9pt" | 0 - 0<sub>mg</sub> | ||
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| style="font-size:9pt" | Heavy || style="font-size:9pt" | | | style="font-size:9pt" | Heavy || style="font-size:9pt" | 0<sub>mg</sub> | ||
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| colspan="2" style="background:lightblue;text-align:center;font-size:9pt" | '''Dosage (insufflated)''' | | colspan="2" style="background:lightblue;text-align:center;font-size:9pt" | '''Dosage (insufflated)''' | ||
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'''Modafinil''' ('''Provigil, Alertec, Modavigil''') is a wakefulness promoting agent (eugeroic) used to enhance cognition, reduce fatigue, and increase | '''Modafinil''' ('''Provigil, Alertec, Modavigil''') is a wakefulness promoting agent (eugeroic) used to enhance cognition, reduce fatigue, and increase alertness. It is approved by the United States' Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, shift work sleep disorder, and narcolepsy. <ref>Provigal (Manufacturer's Website) | http://www.provigil.com/</ref> However, studies have shown that Modafinil may also be useful off-label for alleviating the symptoms of Depression, <ref>PubMed - Modafinil augmentation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy in MDD partial responders with persistent fatigue and sleepiness | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17729016</ref>, Bipolar Disorder, <ref>PubMed - A placebo-controlled evaluation of adjunctive modafinil in the treatment of bipolar depression | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17671288</ref> Parkinson's Disease, <ref>PubMed - Neuroprotective effects of modafinil in a marmoset Parkinson model: behavioral and neurochemical aspects | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16940766</ref> Seasonal Depressive Disorder, <ref>PubMed - Modafinil treatment in patients with seasonal affective disorder/winter depression: an open-label pilot study | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15306145</ref> ADHD, <ref>PubMed - Modafinil improves symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder across subtypes in children and adolescents | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18280848</ref>and various other diseases which cause fatigue as a symptom. Modafinil is a fairly long-acting substance with a half-life of 15 hours. | ||
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===Physical Effects=== | ===Physical Effects=== | ||
The physical effects of | The physical effects of Modafinil can be broken down into # components. These are described below and generally include: | ||
*'''[[Physical effects: Stimulation|Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, Modafinil is commonly considered to be stimulating and energetic, but can be considered less stimulating when compared to [[amphetamine]]. This stimulation encourages physical movement and activities such as running, walking, socializing, and/or exercising. The particular style of stimulation which Modafinil presents can result in jaw clenching, teeth grinding, or other involuntary movements comparable to that of traditional stimulants, but are manifested much less consistently and intensely when compared to stimulants like [[amphetamine]] or [[ | *'''[[Physical effects: Stimulation|Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, Modafinil is commonly considered to be stimulating and energetic, but can be considered less stimulating when compared to [[amphetamine]]. This stimulation encourages physical movement and activities such as running, walking, socializing, and/or exercising. The particular style of stimulation which Modafinil presents can result in jaw clenching, teeth grinding, or other involuntary movements comparable to that of traditional stimulants, but are manifested much less consistently and intensely when compared to stimulants like [[amphetamine]] or [[cocaine]]. | ||
*'''[[Physical effects: Dehydration|Dehydration]]''' - Dehydration and dry mouth | *'''[[Physical effects: Dehydration|Dehydration]]''' - Dehydration and dry mouth commonly occur due to an increase in motivation to engage in physical activities as well as an increased sense of focus which causes one to forget to drink water. | ||
*'''[[Physical effects: Appetite suppression|Appetite suppression]]''' | *'''[[Physical effects: Appetite suppression|Appetite suppression]]''' | ||
*'''[[Physical effects: Headaches|Headaches]]''' - In terms of physical discomfort, Modafinil can cause headaches | *'''[[Physical effects: Headaches|Headaches]]''' - In terms of physical discomfort, Modafinil can cause headaches, especially if dehydrated or if one has been sitting in an awkward position for an extended period of time focused intensely on a task. | ||
*'''[[Physical effects: Photophobia|Photophobia]]''' - Although uncommon, Modafinil can cause a temporary visual intolerance to light. | *'''[[Physical effects: Photophobia|Photophobia]]''' - Although uncommon, Modafinil can cause a temporary visual intolerance to light. | ||
*'''[[Physical_effects:_Dizziness|Dizziness]]''' - Dizziness can sometimes occur as a side effect when consumed at moderate to high dosages. | *'''[[Physical_effects:_Dizziness|Dizziness]]''' - Dizziness can sometimes occur as a side effect when consumed at moderate to high dosages. | ||