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Sleep-wake cycle: Difference between revisions
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*Ghrelin has built up since the food eaten before sleep has been digested and the stomach is empty, this induces hunger thereby causing one to eat.<ref> http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/51738 | ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide [ Homo sapiens (human) ]</ref> | *Ghrelin has built up since the food eaten before sleep has been digested and the stomach is empty, this induces hunger thereby causing one to eat.<ref> http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/51738 | ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide [ Homo sapiens (human) ]</ref> | ||
*ATP from the food is metabolized into adenosine which begins to accumulate around the adenosine receptors. <ref>http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_11/a_11_m/a_11_m_cyc/a_11_m_cyc.html | MOLECULES THAT BUILD UP AND MAKE YOU SLEEP</ref> | *ATP from the food is metabolized into adenosine which begins to accumulate around the adenosine receptors.<ref>http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_11/a_11_m/a_11_m_cyc/a_11_m_cyc.html | MOLECULES THAT BUILD UP AND MAKE YOU SLEEP</ref> | ||
===Approaching night=== | ===Approaching night=== | ||
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*High levels of adenosine activating the adenosine receptor A1 inhibit cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3362278/ | Adenosine inhibits glutamatergic input to basal forebrain cholinergic neurons</ref> thus gradually causing cognitive decline.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2659740/ | The Role of Acetylcholine in Learning and Memory</ref> | *High levels of adenosine activating the adenosine receptor A1 inhibit cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3362278/ | Adenosine inhibits glutamatergic input to basal forebrain cholinergic neurons</ref> thus gradually causing cognitive decline.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2659740/ | The Role of Acetylcholine in Learning and Memory</ref> | ||
*Activation of adenosine receptor (A(2A)R) causes the release of GABA thus inducing sleepiness. <ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15748171 | An adenosine A receptor agonist induces sleep by increasing GABA release in the tuberomammillary nucleus to inhibit histaminergic systems in rats.</ref> | *Activation of adenosine receptor (A(2A)R) causes the release of GABA thus inducing sleepiness.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15748171 | An adenosine A receptor agonist induces sleep by increasing GABA release in the tuberomammillary nucleus to inhibit histaminergic systems in rats.</ref> | ||
*In the presence of insulin melatonin causes upregulation of leptin allowing one to fast while they sleep<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15572654 | Melatonin enhances leptin expression by rat adipocytes in the presence of insulin.</ref> (If one has been fasting before sleep insulin levels will be low causing melatonin to downregulate leptin instead of upregulating it, thus encouraging one to eat before they sleep) | *In the presence of insulin melatonin causes upregulation of leptin allowing one to fast while they sleep<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15572654 | Melatonin enhances leptin expression by rat adipocytes in the presence of insulin.</ref> (If one has been fasting before sleep insulin levels will be low causing melatonin to downregulate leptin instead of upregulating it, thus encouraging one to eat before they sleep) | ||