This is an unofficial archive of PsychonautWiki as of 2025-08-11T15:14:44Z. Content on this page may be outdated, incomplete, or inaccurate. Please refer to the original page for the most up-to-date information.
Alprazolam: Difference between revisions
>Blackhole |
>Hypocriticellie dry mouth effect added |
||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
Like other [[benzodiazepines]], alprazolam binds to specific sites on the [[gamma-amino-butyric acid|GABA<sub>A</sub>]] receptor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Nuss, P.)) | journal=Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment | title=Anxiety disorders and GABA neurotransmission: a disturbance of modulation | volume=11 | pages=165–175 | date=17 January 2015 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4303399/ | issn=1176-6328 | doi=10.2147/NDT.S58841}}</ref> It is commonly used for the medical treatment of panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or social anxiety disorder (SAD).<ref>FDA approved labeling for Xanax revision 08/23/2011 | http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/018276s045lbl.pdf</ref> | Like other [[benzodiazepines]], alprazolam binds to specific sites on the [[gamma-amino-butyric acid|GABA<sub>A</sub>]] receptor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Nuss, P.)) | journal=Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment | title=Anxiety disorders and GABA neurotransmission: a disturbance of modulation | volume=11 | pages=165–175 | date=17 January 2015 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4303399/ | issn=1176-6328 | doi=10.2147/NDT.S58841}}</ref> It is commonly used for the medical treatment of panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or social anxiety disorder (SAD).<ref>FDA approved labeling for Xanax revision 08/23/2011 | http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/018276s045lbl.pdf</ref> | ||
Alprazolam has a fast onset of action and symptomatic relief. | Alprazolam has a fast onset of action and symptomatic relief. 90% of peak effects are achieved within the 1st hour of using in preparation for panic disorder and full peak effects are achieved in 1.5 and 1.6 hours respectively.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Smith, R. B.)), ((Kroboth, P. D.)), ((Vanderlugt, J. T.)), ((Phillips, J. P.)), ((Juhl, R. P.)) | journal=Psychopharmacology | title=Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of alprazolam after oral and IV administration | volume=84 | issue=4 | pages=452–456 | date= 1984 | issn=0033-3158 | doi=10.1007/BF00431449}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Sheehan, D. V.)), ((Sheehan, K. H.)), ((Raj, B. A.)) | journal=Psychopharmacology Bulletin | title=The speed of onset of action of alprazolam-XR compared to alprazolam-CT in panic disorder | volume=40 | issue=2 | pages=63–81 | date= 2007 | issn=0048-5764}}</ref> Peak benefits achieved for GAD may take up to a week.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Verster, J. C.)), ((Volkerts, E. R.)) | journal=CNS Drug Reviews | title=Clinical Pharmacology, Clinical Efficacy, and Behavioral Toxicity of Alprazolam: A Review of the Literature | volume=10 | issue=1 | pages=45–76 | date=7 June 2006 | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1527-3458.2004.tb00003.x | issn=1080563X | doi=10.1111/j.1527-3458.2004.tb00003.x}}</ref> | ||
The [[Benzodiazepine#Discontinuation|sudden discontinuation of benzodiazepines]] can be potentially dangerous or life-threatening for individuals using regularly for extended periods of time, sometimes resulting in seizures or death.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Lann, M. A.)), ((Molina, D. K.)) | journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology | title=A fatal case of benzodiazepine withdrawal | volume=30 | issue=2 | pages=177–179 | date= June 2009 | issn=1533-404X | doi=10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181875aa0}}</ref> It is | The [[Benzodiazepine#Discontinuation|sudden discontinuation of benzodiazepines]] can be potentially dangerous or life-threatening for individuals using regularly for extended periods of time, sometimes resulting in seizures or death.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Lann, M. A.)), ((Molina, D. K.)) | journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology | title=A fatal case of benzodiazepine withdrawal | volume=30 | issue=2 | pages=177–179 | date= June 2009 | issn=1533-404X | doi=10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181875aa0}}</ref> It is crucial to [[taper]] one's dose by gradually lowering the amount taken each day for a prolonged period of time instead of stopping abruptly.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Kahan, M.)), ((Wilson, L.)), ((Mailis-Gagnon, A.)), ((Srivastava, A.)) | journal=Canadian Family Physician | title=Canadian guideline for safe and effective use of opioids for chronic noncancer pain. Appendix B-6: Benzodiazepine Tapering | volume=57 | issue=11 | pages=1269–1276 | date= November 2011 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3215603/ | issn=0008-350X}}</ref> | ||
[[File:Xanax (alprazolam) 2 mg.jpg|200px|thumbnail|Xanax (Alprazolam) 2 mg tri-score tablets]] | [[File:Xanax (alprazolam) 2 mg.jpg|200px|thumbnail|Xanax (Alprazolam) 2 mg tri-score tablets]] | ||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}} | {{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}} | ||
{{effects/base | {{effects/base | ||
| Line 42: | Line 43: | ||
*'''[[Effect::Dizziness]]'''{{citation needed}} - Dizziness is sometimes present with higher doses, although generally less than the dizzying effects of alcohol (colloquially known as "the spins"). | *'''[[Effect::Dizziness]]'''{{citation needed}} - Dizziness is sometimes present with higher doses, although generally less than the dizzying effects of alcohol (colloquially known as "the spins"). | ||
*'''[[Effect::Seizure suppression]]'''{{citation needed}} - Alprazolam has seizure suppressing properties as a result of its [[GABA|GABA-mediated]] inhibitory effects on the nervous system. | *'''[[Effect::Seizure suppression]]'''{{citation needed}} - Alprazolam has seizure suppressing properties as a result of its [[GABA|GABA-mediated]] inhibitory effects on the nervous system. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Dry mouth]]''' - Although infrequent, Alprazolam is capable of causing a dry mouth in some users. This may make a user drink more water. This is not the same as dehydration, as it is not known to be dangerous.<ref>Elie R, Lamontagne Y (June 1984). "Alprazolam and diazepam in the treatment of generalized anxiety". Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 4 (3): 125–9. https://journals.lww.com/psychopharmacology/abstract/1984/06000/alprazolam_and_diazepam_in_the_treatment_of.2.aspx</ref> | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{effects/cognitive| | {{effects/cognitive| | ||
| Line 61: | Line 62: | ||
*'''[[Effect::Sleepiness]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Sleepiness]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Thought deceleration]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Thought deceleration]]''' | ||
}} | }} | ||
|{{effects/visual| | |{{effects/visual| | ||