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Template:DangerousInteractions/Opioids: Difference between revisions
>PopARoxy m advises user not to combine opioids |
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*'''[[DangerousInteraction::Grapefruit]]''' - While grapefruit is not psychoactive, it may affect the metabolism of certain opioids. Tramadol, oxycodone, and fentanyl are all primarily metabolized by the enzyme CYP3A4, which is potently inhibited by grapefruit juice<ref name="Ershad2020">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Ershad, M.)), ((Cruz, M. D.)), ((Mostafa, A.)), ((Mckeever, R.)), ((Vearrier, D.)), ((Greenberg, M. I.)) | journal=Journal of Addiction Medicine | title=Opioid Toxidrome Following Grapefruit Juice Consumption in the Setting of Methadone Maintenance | volume=14 | issue=2 | pages=172–174 | date= March 2020 | url=https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/ADM.0000000000000535 | issn=1932-0620 | doi=10.1097/ADM.0000000000000535}}</ref>. This may cause the drug to take longer to clear from the body. it may increase toxicity with repeated doses. Methadone may also be affected<ref name="Ershad2020"/>. Codeine and hydrocodone are metabolized by CYP2D6. People who are on medicines that inhibit CYP2D6, or that lack the enzyme due to a genetic mutation will not respond to codeine as it can not be metabolized into its active product: morphine. | *'''[[DangerousInteraction::Grapefruit]]''' - While grapefruit is not psychoactive, it may affect the metabolism of certain opioids. Tramadol, oxycodone, and fentanyl are all primarily metabolized by the enzyme CYP3A4, which is potently inhibited by grapefruit juice<ref name="Ershad2020">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Ershad, M.)), ((Cruz, M. D.)), ((Mostafa, A.)), ((Mckeever, R.)), ((Vearrier, D.)), ((Greenberg, M. I.)) | journal=Journal of Addiction Medicine | title=Opioid Toxidrome Following Grapefruit Juice Consumption in the Setting of Methadone Maintenance | volume=14 | issue=2 | pages=172–174 | date= March 2020 | url=https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/ADM.0000000000000535 | issn=1932-0620 | doi=10.1097/ADM.0000000000000535}}</ref>. This may cause the drug to take longer to clear from the body. it may increase toxicity with repeated doses. Methadone may also be affected<ref name="Ershad2020"/>. Codeine and hydrocodone are metabolized by CYP2D6. People who are on medicines that inhibit CYP2D6, or that lack the enzyme due to a genetic mutation will not respond to codeine as it can not be metabolized into its active product: morphine. | ||