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Methylphenidate: Difference between revisions
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It is structurally similar to [[amphetamine]], featuring a substitution at R<sub>α</sub> which is incorporated into a [[piperidine]] ring ending at the terminal amine of the phenethylamine chain. Additionally, it contains a methyl acetate bound to R<sub>β</sub> of its structure. | It is structurally similar to [[amphetamine]], featuring a substitution at R<sub>α</sub> which is incorporated into a [[piperidine]] ring ending at the terminal amine of the phenethylamine chain. Additionally, it contains a methyl acetate bound to R<sub>β</sub> of its structure. | ||
===Dexmethylphenidate=== | ===Dexmethylphenidate=== | ||
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*'''[[Effect::Increased libido]]''' - Higher doses of methylphenidate can increase sexual desire, although this enhancement is reported to be less intense and reliable than amphetamines and cocaine. | *'''[[Effect::Increased libido]]''' - Higher doses of methylphenidate can increase sexual desire, although this enhancement is reported to be less intense and reliable than amphetamines and cocaine. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]''' | ||
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===Combination with alcohol=== | ===Combination with alcohol=== | ||
Methylphenidate (when taken orally) has a low bioavailability around 30%. If taken with alcohol (ethanol), blood plasma levels of dexmethylphenidate are increased by up to 40% | Methylphenidate (when taken orally) has a low bioavailability around 30%. If taken with alcohol (ethanol), blood plasma levels of dexmethylphenidate are increased by up to 40%.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Patrick, K.)), ((Straughn, A.)), ((Minhinnett, R.)), ((Yeatts, S.)), ((Herrin, A.)), ((DeVane, C.)), ((Malcolm, R.)), ((Janis, G.)), ((Markowitz, J.)) | journal=Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics | title=Influence of Ethanol and Gender on Methylphenidate Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics | volume=81 | issue=3 | pages=346–353 | date= March 2007 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3188424/ | issn=0009-9236 | doi=10.1038/sj.clpt.6100082}}</ref> A metabolite called [[ethylphenidate]] is also formed.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Markowitz, J. S.)), ((DeVane, C. L.)), ((Boulton, D. W.)), ((Nahas, Z.)), ((Risch, S. C.)), ((Diamond, F.)), ((Patrick, K. S.)) | journal=Drug Metabolism and Disposition: The Biological Fate of Chemicals | title=Ethylphenidate formation in human subjects after the administration of a single dose of methylphenidate and ethanol | volume=28 | issue=6 | pages=620–624 | date= June 2000 | issn=0090-9556}}</ref> | ||
===Dangerous interactions=== | ===Dangerous interactions=== | ||