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Safer injection guide: Difference between revisions
>David Hedlund Sterile water for injection (SWFI) |
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*'''Elastic tourniquets or stockings''' - These can be used to "tie off", or make the veins more visible and accessible, during IV injection. These materials are better for skin than leather belts or other similar objects used to "tie off". Neckties, lubricated condoms, and socks can also be used. One should always use a slip knot when tying off so the tourniquet can be removed quickly if needed. The tourniquet should be removed <b>immediately</b> if there is a loss of sensation in the limbs or the limb discolors or turns blue. | *'''Elastic tourniquets or stockings''' - These can be used to "tie off", or make the veins more visible and accessible, during IV injection. These materials are better for skin than leather belts or other similar objects used to "tie off". Neckties, lubricated condoms, and socks can also be used. One should always use a slip knot when tying off so the tourniquet can be removed quickly if needed. The tourniquet should be removed <b>immediately</b> if there is a loss of sensation in the limbs or the limb discolors or turns blue. | ||
===Sterile water for injection=== | |||
[[File:Sterilewater.jpg|245px|thumb|right|The USP standards for water for injection includes a "target limit response" of 500 µg of Carbon/L, and 10 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colony-forming_unit {{abbr|CFU|colony forming units}}]/100mL.<ref>https://www.usp.org/frequently-asked-questions/water-pharmaceutical-and-analytical-purposes</ref>]]https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/018632s051lbl.pdf | |||
'''Sterile [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_for_injection water for injection]''' is used to create solutions that will be administered by injection. Water for injection is generally made by distillation or reverse osmosis.<ref name=Gh2004>{{cite book|last1=Ghosh|first1=Tapash K.|last2=Jasti|first2=Bhaskara R.|title=Theory and Practice of Contemporary Pharmaceutics|date=2004|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=9780203644478|page=396|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=whiC7aSFLY8C&pg=PA396|language=en|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116162803/https://books.google.ca/books?id=whiC7aSFLY8C&pg=PA396|archivedate=2017-01-16}}</ref> | |||
Syringe designed saline drops (e.g. Wallace Cameron Ultra Saline Minipod) are distributed in modern needle-exchange programmes as they can be used efficiently either by injection or ophthalmic (if the drug is potent in small doses) route of administer which is compared to intravenous use; by demonstration, the elimination of latanoprost acid from plasma is rapid (half-life 17 minutes) after either ophthalmic or intravenous administration.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.drugs.com/mmx/latanoprost.html|title=Latanoprost Drug Information, Professional|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref> | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_drop Eye drops] '''with medications can be deadly when injected'''. However, preservative-free eye drops made of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_(medicine) saline] from sterilized water (as isotonic solution) are sometimes used for injection. | |||
* Distilled water should be avoided in large amounts directly into a vein, as it can cause your blood cells to become hypotonic, possibly leading to death. | |||
* Hot tap water should always be avoided because it contains heavy metals. | |||
* Boiled tap water: It is also important to change the water at a regular interval to prevent bacteria growth within the water. Be mindful that using multiple needles in the same water supply can easily spread illness and disease. No other liquid substance should be added to the injection, even if it is supposed to increase the solubility of the drug in the water solution. Heat can be used to aid dissolution, but fruit juice or vinegar can lead to infections. | |||
Water for injection can also be used for [[Nasal spray guide|nasal sprays]], and eye drops. | |||
===Single-use spoon=== | ===Single-use spoon=== | ||
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"It is common to have muscle pain when injecting larger doses of liquid Ketamine into muscle tissue. The pain can continue for several days if it is not administered properly. The muscle soreness can be somewhat controlled by using a very fine (small gauge) needle and by injecting very slowly. It should take 15-30 or more seconds to inject a dose into a muscle. If you feel it begin to sting, slow down the injection rate."<ref>{{cite web |title=Erowid Ketamine Vault : Dosage |url=http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/ketamine/ketamine_dose.shtml#im |website=www.erowid.org}}</ref> | "It is common to have muscle pain when injecting larger doses of liquid Ketamine into muscle tissue. The pain can continue for several days if it is not administered properly. The muscle soreness can be somewhat controlled by using a very fine (small gauge) needle and by injecting very slowly. It should take 15-30 or more seconds to inject a dose into a muscle. If you feel it begin to sting, slow down the injection rate."<ref>{{cite web |title=Erowid Ketamine Vault : Dosage |url=http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/ketamine/ketamine_dose.shtml#im |website=www.erowid.org}}</ref> | ||
===Naloxone=== | ===Naloxone=== | ||