Methamphetamine: Difference between revisions

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'''N-Methylamphetamine''' (also known as '''Methamphetamine''', '''Ma''', '''Meth''', '''Glass''', '''Ice''', '''Shard''', '''Crank''', '''Tina''', '''T''', '''Tweak''', '''Yaba''', and '''Crystal'''<ref name="erowid">{{Citation | title=Erowid Methamphetamine (Speed, Crank) Vault | url=https://erowid.org/chemicals/meth/meth.shtml}}</ref>) is a classical [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::amphetamine]] class. It is structurally related to [[amphetamine]], however it crosses the blood-brain barrier more rapidly, due to its relatively high lipid solubility.<ref name="Barr2006">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Barr, A. M.)), ((Panenka, W. J.)), ((MacEwan, G. W.)), ((Thornton, A. E.)), ((Lang, D. J.)), ((Honer, W. G.)), ((Lecomte, T.)) | journal=Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience | title=The need for speed: an update on methamphetamine addiction | volume=31 | issue=5 | pages=301–313 | date= September 2006 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1557685/ | issn=1180-4882}}</ref> It produces its effects by increasing levels of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.

'''N-Methylamphetamine''' (also known as '''Methamphetamine''', '''Ma''', '''Meth''', '''Glass''', '''Ice''', '''Shard''', '''Crank''', '''Tina''', '''T''', '''Tweak''', '''Yaba''', '''Shabu''', and '''Crystal'''<ref name="erowid">{{Citation | title=Erowid Methamphetamine (Speed, Crank) Vault | url=https://erowid.org/chemicals/meth/meth.shtml}}</ref>) is a classical [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::amphetamine]] class. It is structurally related to [[amphetamine]], however it crosses the blood-brain barrier more rapidly, due to its relatively high lipid solubility.<ref name="Barr2006">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Barr, A. M.)), ((Panenka, W. J.)), ((MacEwan, G. W.)), ((Thornton, A. E.)), ((Lang, D. J.)), ((Honer, W. G.)), ((Lecomte, T.)) | journal=Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience | title=The need for speed: an update on methamphetamine addiction | volume=31 | issue=5 | pages=301–313 | date= September 2006 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1557685/ | issn=1180-4882}}</ref> It produces its effects by increasing levels of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.

Methamphetamine was first synthesized from [[ephedrine]] in 1893 by Japanese chemist Nagayoshi Nagai.<ref>Nagai N (1893) Studies on the components of Ephedraceaein herb medicine. Yakugaku Zasshi 139 :901-933</ref> Along with [[heroin]] and [[cocaine]], it has a notorious reputation as a dangerous and highly addictive "street drug".<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Galbraith, N.)) | journal=BJPsych Bulletin | title=The methamphetamine problem | volume=39 | issue=5 | pages=218–220 | date= October 2015 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4706185/ | issn=2056-4694 | doi=10.1192/pb.bp.115.050930}}</ref>

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*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''

*'''[[Effect::Vibrating vision]]''' - At high doses or certain routes of administration, a person's eyeballs may begin to spontaneously wiggle back and forth in a rapid motion, causing the vision to become blurry and temporarily out of focus. This is a condition known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus nystagmus].

*'''[[Effect::Seizure]]''' - This is an uncommon effect but can happen in those predisposed to them, especially while in physically taxing conditions such as being dehydrated, fatigued or undernourished, or if ~~misusing~~ the substance for extended periods of time.

*'''[[Effect::Seizure]]''' - This is an uncommon effect but can happen in those predisposed to them, especially while in physically taxing conditions such as being dehydrated, fatigued or undernourished, or if miusing the substance for extended periods of time.

}}

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 {{SubstanceBox/Methamphetamine}}
-'''N-Methylamphetamine''' (also known as '''Methamphetamine''', '''Ma''', '''Meth''', '''Glass''', '''Ice''', '''Shard''', '''Crank''', '''Tina''', '''T''', '''Tweak''', '''Yaba''', and '''Crystal'''<ref name="erowid">{{Citation | title=Erowid Methamphetamine (Speed, Crank) Vault | url=https://erowid.org/chemicals/meth/meth.shtml}}</ref>) is a classical [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::amphetamine]] class. It is structurally related to [[amphetamine]], however it crosses the blood-brain barrier more rapidly, due to its relatively high lipid solubility.<ref name="Barr2006">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Barr, A. M.)), ((Panenka, W. J.)), ((MacEwan, G. W.)), ((Thornton, A. E.)), ((Lang, D. J.)), ((Honer, W. G.)), ((Lecomte, T.)) | journal=Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience | title=The need for speed: an update on methamphetamine addiction | volume=31 | issue=5 | pages=301–313 | date= September 2006 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1557685/ | issn=1180-4882}}</ref> It produces its effects by increasing levels of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.
+'''N-Methylamphetamine''' (also known as '''Methamphetamine''', '''Ma''', '''Meth''', '''Glass''', '''Ice''', '''Shard''', '''Crank''', '''Tina''', '''T''', '''Tweak''', '''Yaba''', '''Shabu''', and '''Crystal'''<ref name="erowid">{{Citation | title=Erowid Methamphetamine (Speed, Crank) Vault | url=https://erowid.org/chemicals/meth/meth.shtml}}</ref>) is a classical [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::amphetamine]] class. It is structurally related to [[amphetamine]], however it crosses the blood-brain barrier more rapidly, due to its relatively high lipid solubility.<ref name="Barr2006">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Barr, A. M.)), ((Panenka, W. J.)), ((MacEwan, G. W.)), ((Thornton, A. E.)), ((Lang, D. J.)), ((Honer, W. G.)), ((Lecomte, T.)) | journal=Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience | title=The need for speed: an update on methamphetamine addiction | volume=31 | issue=5 | pages=301–313 | date= September 2006 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1557685/ | issn=1180-4882}}</ref> It produces its effects by increasing levels of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.
 Methamphetamine was first synthesized from [[ephedrine]] in 1893 by Japanese chemist Nagayoshi Nagai.<ref>Nagai N (1893) Studies on the components of Ephedraceaein herb medicine. Yakugaku Zasshi 139 :901-933</ref> Along with [[heroin]] and [[cocaine]], it has a notorious reputation as a dangerous and highly addictive "street drug".<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Galbraith, N.)) | journal=BJPsych Bulletin | title=The methamphetamine problem | volume=39 | issue=5 | pages=218–220 | date= October 2015 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4706185/ | issn=2056-4694 | doi=10.1192/pb.bp.115.050930}}</ref>
@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 *'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''
 *'''[[Effect::Vibrating vision]]''' - At high doses or certain routes of administration, a person's eyeballs may begin to spontaneously wiggle back and forth in a rapid motion, causing the vision to become blurry and temporarily out of focus. This is a condition known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus nystagmus].
-*'''[[Effect::Seizure]]''' - This is an uncommon effect but can happen in those predisposed to them, especially while in physically taxing conditions such as being dehydrated, fatigued or undernourished, or if misusing the substance for extended periods of time.
+*'''[[Effect::Seizure]]''' - This is an uncommon effect but can happen in those predisposed to them, especially while in physically taxing conditions such as being dehydrated, fatigued or undernourished, or if miusing the substance for extended periods of time.
 }}