Brain zaps: Difference between revisions

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'''Brain zaps''' can be described as sharp electrical shock sensations which originate within the head or brain and sometimes extend throughout the body.~~<ref>Fireworks or brain zaps? | Psychology Today | https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/creativity-way-life/201107/fireworks-or-brain-zaps</ref>~~ For many people, it feels as though their brain has experienced a sudden series of brief vibrations or jolts of electricity that can cause intense discomfort, disorientation, and distress.~~<ref name="vice>Why You Get 'Brain Zaps' After Taking MDMA, and How You Can Stop Them (Vice) http://www.vice.com/en_uk/read/brain-zaps-sleep-paralysis-mdma-ecstasy?utm_source=vicefbuk</ref>~~

'''Brain zaps''' can be described as sharp electrical shock sensations which originate within the head or brain and sometimes extend throughout the body. For many people, it feels as though their brain has experienced a sudden series of brief vibrations or jolts of electricity that can cause intense discomfort, disorientation, and distress.

Brain zaps are most commonly induced under the influence of [[withdrawal]], dose reduction, and discontinuation of antidepressant drugs, including [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor|selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]] (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as [[sertraline]], [[paroxetine]], and [[venlafaxine]]. [[Tramadol]], an [[opioid]] painkiller with SNRI properties, has also been reported to cause brain zaps upon abrupt discontinuation.<ref> "SSRIs and SNRIs: A review of the Discontinuation Syndrome in Children and Adolescents~~." (~~2011~~) by Hosenbocus S, MD FRCP(C) and Chahal R, MSW.~~ | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3024727/~~</ref><ref> "Fireworks or Brain Zaps? Antidepressants and brain zapping." (2011) By Jean Pollack, Ph.D.~~ | ~~https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/creativity-way~~-~~life/201107/fireworks-or-brain-zaps~~</ref> If caused by antidepressant withdrawal, it is strongly recommended that one [[taper]] or reduce their dose gradually instead of stopping abruptly. This effect has been reported by anecdotal sources to occur in the days after a [[dosage#heavy|heavy]] [[dosage]] of [[MDMA]].~~<ref>Why You Get 'Brain Zaps' After Taking MDMA, and How You Can Stop Them (Vice) | https://www.vice.com/sv/article/bnkv45/brain-zaps-sleep-paralysis-mdma-ecstasy</ref>~~

Brain zaps are most commonly induced under the influence of [[withdrawal]], dose reduction, and discontinuation of antidepressant drugs, including [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor|selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]] (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as [[sertraline]], [[paroxetine]], and [[venlafaxine]]. [[Tramadol]], an [[opioid]] painkiller with SNRI properties, has also been reported to cause brain zaps upon abrupt discontinuation.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Hosenbocus, S.)), ((Chahal, R.)) | journal=Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry | title=SSRIs and SNRIs: A review of the Discontinuation Syndrome in Children and Adolescents | volume=20 | issue=1 | pages=60–67 | date= February 2011 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3024727/ | issn=1719-8429}}</ref> If caused by antidepressant withdrawal, it is strongly recommended that one [[taper]] or reduce their dose gradually instead of stopping abruptly. This effect has been reported by anecdotal sources to occur in the days after a [[dosage#heavy|heavy]] [[dosage]] of [[MDMA]].

Remedies to lessen the intensity or frequency of induced brain zaps include hydration (drinking enough water), supplementing for possible nutrient, vitamin or mineral deficiencies, getting adequate amounts of sleep, rest and stress relief.{{citation needed}}

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-'''Brain zaps''' can be described as sharp electrical shock sensations which originate within the head or brain and sometimes extend throughout the body.<ref>Fireworks or brain zaps? | Psychology Today | https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/creativity-way-life/201107/fireworks-or-brain-zaps</ref> For many people, it feels as though their brain has experienced a sudden series of brief vibrations or jolts of electricity that can cause intense discomfort, disorientation, and distress.<ref name="vice>Why You Get 'Brain Zaps' After Taking MDMA, and How You Can Stop Them (Vice) http://www.vice.com/en_uk/read/brain-zaps-sleep-paralysis-mdma-ecstasy?utm_source=vicefbuk</ref>
+'''Brain zaps''' can be described as sharp electrical shock sensations which originate within the head or brain and sometimes extend throughout the body. For many people, it feels as though their brain has experienced a sudden series of brief vibrations or jolts of electricity that can cause intense discomfort, disorientation, and distress.
-Brain zaps are most commonly induced under the influence of [[withdrawal]], dose reduction, and discontinuation of antidepressant drugs, including [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor|selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]] (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as [[sertraline]], [[paroxetine]], and [[venlafaxine]]. [[Tramadol]], an [[opioid]] painkiller with SNRI properties, has also been reported to cause brain zaps upon abrupt discontinuation.<ref> "SSRIs and SNRIs: A review of the Discontinuation Syndrome in Children and Adolescents." (2011) by Hosenbocus S, MD FRCP(C) and Chahal R, MSW. | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3024727/</ref><ref> "Fireworks or Brain Zaps? Antidepressants and brain zapping." (2011) By Jean Pollack, Ph.D. | https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/creativity-way-life/201107/fireworks-or-brain-zaps</ref> If caused by antidepressant withdrawal, it is strongly recommended that one [[taper]] or reduce their dose gradually instead of stopping abruptly. This effect has been reported by anecdotal sources to occur in the days after a [[dosage#heavy|heavy]] [[dosage]] of [[MDMA]].<ref>Why You Get 'Brain Zaps' After Taking MDMA, and How You Can Stop Them (Vice) | https://www.vice.com/sv/article/bnkv45/brain-zaps-sleep-paralysis-mdma-ecstasy</ref>
+Brain zaps are most commonly induced under the influence of [[withdrawal]], dose reduction, and discontinuation of antidepressant drugs, including [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor|selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]] (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as [[sertraline]], [[paroxetine]], and [[venlafaxine]]. [[Tramadol]], an [[opioid]] painkiller with SNRI properties, has also been reported to cause brain zaps upon abrupt discontinuation.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Hosenbocus, S.)), ((Chahal, R.)) | journal=Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry | title=SSRIs and SNRIs: A review of the Discontinuation Syndrome in Children and Adolescents | volume=20 | issue=1 | pages=60–67 | date= February 2011 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3024727/ | issn=1719-8429}}</ref> If caused by antidepressant withdrawal, it is strongly recommended that one [[taper]] or reduce their dose gradually instead of stopping abruptly. This effect has been reported by anecdotal sources to occur in the days after a [[dosage#heavy|heavy]] [[dosage]] of [[MDMA]].
 Remedies to lessen the intensity or frequency of induced brain zaps include hydration (drinking enough water), supplementing for possible nutrient, vitamin or mineral deficiencies, getting adequate amounts of sleep, rest and stress relief.{{citation needed}}