Tizanidine: Difference between revisions

Line 7:

Tizanidine is a central α<sub>2</sub> adrenergic agonist. The relationship between the α<sub>2</sub> receptor agonism and the spasmolytic function of tizanidine is not fully understood <ref> Katzung, Bertram G. (30 November 2017). Basic & clinical pharmacology. Katzung, Bertram G. (Fourteenth ed.). New York. p. 487. ISBN 9781259641152. OCLC 1015240036 </ref> .

While recreational use is extremely rare, some users take tizanidine for its standalone sedative effects or to potentiate the effects of [[opiates]]. In higher doses, tizanidine is capable of inducing [[hallucinations]], [[psychosis]], and [[delirium]] <ref> pmhdev. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121111213511/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000106/ Tizanidine]. PubMed Health. Archived from [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000106/ the original] on 11 November 2012. </ref>.

While recreational use is extremely rare, some users take tizanidine for its standalone sedative effects or to potentiate the effects of [[opiates]] <ref> FDA. (2013, October 4) Highlights of Prescribing Information. ZANAFLEX. Retrieved https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/021447s011_020397s026lbl.pdf </ref> <ref> DrugsDetails. (n.d.). Tizanidine recreational use. from https://drugsdetails.com/tizanidine-recreational-use/ </ref> <ref> Healthline. (n.d.). Tizanidine: Side Effects, Dosage, Uses, and More. from https://www.healthline.com/health/tizanidine-oral-tablet </ref> <ref> MedlinePlus.gov. (n.d.). Tizanidine: MedlinePlus Drug Information. from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a601121.html </ref> <ref> WebMD. (n.d.). MS Muscle Spasticity: How To Manage Muscle Spasms & Tightness. from https://www.webmd.com/multiple-sclerosis/controlling-muscle-spasms-multiple-sclerosis#1 </ref> <ref> National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2020, June 16). The Science of Drug Use: Discussion Points. from https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug-topics/criminal-justice/science-drug-use-discussion-points </ref> . In higher doses, tizanidine is capable of inducing [[hallucinations]], [[psychosis]], and [[delirium]] <ref> pmhdev. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121111213511/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000106/ Tizanidine]. PubMed Health. Archived from [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000106/ the original] on 11 November 2012. </ref> <ref> Suárez-Lledó A, Padullés A, Lozano T, Cobo-Sacristán S, Colls M, Jódar R. Management of Tizanidine Withdrawal Syndrome: A Case Report. Clin Med Insights Case Rep. 2018;11:1179547618758022. Published 2018 Feb 13. doi:10.1177/1179547618758022 </ref> <ref> Karol DE, Muzyk AJ, Preud'homme XA. A case of delirium, motor disturbances, and autonomic dysfunction due to baclofen and tizanidine withdrawal: a review of the literature. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2011 Jan-Feb;33(1):84.e1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2010.10.003. Epub 2010 Nov 13. PMID: 21353141. </ref> <ref> Fick, Donna, et al. "American Geriatrics Society updated Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults."

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 60.4 (2012): 616-631. </ref>.

==Chemistry==

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 Tizanidine is a central α<sub>2</sub> adrenergic agonist. The relationship between the α<sub>2</sub> receptor agonism and the spasmolytic function of tizanidine is not fully understood <ref> Katzung, Bertram G. (30 November 2017). Basic & clinical pharmacology. Katzung, Bertram G. (Fourteenth ed.). New York. p. 487. ISBN 9781259641152. OCLC 1015240036 </ref> .
-While recreational use is extremely rare, some users take tizanidine for its standalone sedative effects or to potentiate the effects of [[opiates]]. In higher doses, tizanidine is capable of inducing [[hallucinations]], [[psychosis]], and [[delirium]] <ref>  pmhdev. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121111213511/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000106/ Tizanidine]. PubMed Health. Archived from [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000106/ the original] on 11 November 2012. </ref>.
+While recreational use is extremely rare, some users take tizanidine for its standalone sedative effects or to potentiate the effects of [[opiates]] <ref> FDA. (2013, October 4) Highlights of Prescribing Information. ZANAFLEX. Retrieved https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/021447s011_020397s026lbl.pdf  </ref> <ref> DrugsDetails. (n.d.). Tizanidine recreational use. from https://drugsdetails.com/tizanidine-recreational-use/ </ref> <ref> Healthline. (n.d.). Tizanidine: Side Effects, Dosage, Uses, and More. from https://www.healthline.com/health/tizanidine-oral-tablet </ref> <ref> MedlinePlus.gov. (n.d.). Tizanidine: MedlinePlus Drug Information. from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a601121.html </ref> <ref> WebMD. (n.d.). MS Muscle Spasticity: How To Manage Muscle Spasms & Tightness. from https://www.webmd.com/multiple-sclerosis/controlling-muscle-spasms-multiple-sclerosis#1 </ref> <ref> National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2020, June 16). The Science of Drug Use: Discussion Points. from https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug-topics/criminal-justice/science-drug-use-discussion-points </ref> . In higher doses, tizanidine is capable of inducing [[hallucinations]], [[psychosis]], and [[delirium]] <ref>  pmhdev. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121111213511/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000106/ Tizanidine]. PubMed Health. Archived from [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000106/ the original] on 11 November 2012. </ref> <ref> Suárez-Lledó A, Padullés A, Lozano T, Cobo-Sacristán S, Colls M, Jódar R. Management of Tizanidine Withdrawal Syndrome: A Case Report. Clin Med Insights Case Rep. 2018;11:1179547618758022. Published 2018 Feb 13. doi:10.1177/1179547618758022 </ref> <ref> Karol DE, Muzyk AJ, Preud'homme XA. A case of delirium, motor disturbances, and autonomic dysfunction due to baclofen and tizanidine withdrawal: a review of the literature. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2011 Jan-Feb;33(1):84.e1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2010.10.003. Epub 2010 Nov 13. PMID: 21353141. </ref> <ref> Fick, Donna, et al. "American Geriatrics Society updated Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults."
+Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 60.4 (2012): 616-631. </ref>.
 ==Chemistry==