Methamphetamine: Difference between revisions

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'''N-Methylamphetamine''' (also known as '''Methamphetamine''', '''Meth''', '''Glass''', '''Ice''', '''Shard''', '''Crank''', '''Tina''', '''Tweak''', '''Yaba''', and '''Crystal'''<ref name="erowid">Erowid. (1992). Erowid Methamphetamine (Speed, Crank) Vault. Retrieved from https://erowid.org/chemicals/meth/meth.shtml</ref>) is a potent [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::amphetamine]] class. Along with [[heroin]] and [[cocaine]], it has a notorious reputation as a dangerous and highly addictive "street drug".<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4706185/ Galbraith, Niall. “The methamphetamine problem: Commentary on … Psychiatric morbidity and socio-occupational dysfunction in residents of a drug rehabilitation centre.” ''BJPsych bulletin'' vol. 39,5 (2015): 218-20. doi:10.1192/pb.bp.115.050930]</ref> It is structurally related to [[amphetamine]]; the addition of the methyl group is thought to increase its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, significantly enhancing its potency.{{citation needed}} It produces its effects by increasing levels of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.

'''N-Methylamphetamine''' (also known as '''Methamphetamine''', '''Ma''', '''Meth''', '''Glass''', '''Ice''', '''Shard''', '''Crank''', '''Tina''', '''T''', '''Tweak''', '''Yaba''', and '''Crystal'''<ref name="erowid">Erowid. (1992). Erowid Methamphetamine (Speed, Crank) Vault. Retrieved from https://erowid.org/chemicals/meth/meth.shtml</ref>) is a potent [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::amphetamine]] class. Along with [[heroin]] and [[cocaine]], it has a notorious reputation as a dangerous and highly addictive "street drug".<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4706185/ Galbraith, Niall. “The methamphetamine problem: Commentary on … Psychiatric morbidity and socio-occupational dysfunction in residents of a drug rehabilitation centre.” ''BJPsych bulletin'' vol. 39,5 (2015): 218-20. doi:10.1192/pb.bp.115.050930]</ref> It is structurally related to [[amphetamine]]; the addition of the methyl group is thought to increase its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, significantly enhancing its potency.{{citation needed}} It produces its effects by increasing levels of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.

Methamphetamine was discovered in Japan in 1893, shortly following the discovery of amphetamine. However, it was not widely used until World War II, in which both Allies and Axis forces utilized its stimulant effects.<ref name=":0" /> As the addictive properties became known, governments began to place strict controls on methamphetamine manufacture and distribution. Despite these efforts, methamphetamine abuse has become a major public health problem throughout the world.

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 {{SubstanceBox/Methamphetamine}}
-'''N-Methylamphetamine''' (also known as '''Methamphetamine''', '''Meth''', '''Glass''', '''Ice''', '''Shard''', '''Crank''', '''Tina''', '''Tweak''', '''Yaba''', and '''Crystal'''<ref name="erowid">Erowid. (1992). Erowid Methamphetamine (Speed, Crank) Vault. Retrieved from https://erowid.org/chemicals/meth/meth.shtml</ref>) is a potent [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::amphetamine]] class. Along with [[heroin]] and [[cocaine]], it has a notorious reputation as a dangerous and highly addictive "street drug".<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4706185/ Galbraith, Niall. “The methamphetamine problem: Commentary on … Psychiatric morbidity and socio-occupational dysfunction in residents of a drug rehabilitation centre.” ''BJPsych bulletin'' vol. 39,5 (2015): 218-20. doi:10.1192/pb.bp.115.050930]</ref> It is structurally related to [[amphetamine]]; the addition of the methyl group is thought to increase its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, significantly enhancing its potency.{{citation needed}} It produces its effects by increasing levels of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.
+'''N-Methylamphetamine''' (also known as '''Methamphetamine''', '''Ma''', '''Meth''', '''Glass''', '''Ice''', '''Shard''', '''Crank''', '''Tina''', '''T''', '''Tweak''', '''Yaba''', and '''Crystal'''<ref name="erowid">Erowid. (1992). Erowid Methamphetamine (Speed, Crank) Vault. Retrieved from https://erowid.org/chemicals/meth/meth.shtml</ref>) is a potent [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[chemical class::amphetamine]] class. Along with [[heroin]] and [[cocaine]], it has a notorious reputation as a dangerous and highly addictive "street drug".<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4706185/ Galbraith, Niall. “The methamphetamine problem: Commentary on … Psychiatric morbidity and socio-occupational dysfunction in residents of a drug rehabilitation centre.” ''BJPsych bulletin'' vol. 39,5 (2015): 218-20. doi:10.1192/pb.bp.115.050930]</ref> It is structurally related to [[amphetamine]]; the addition of the methyl group is thought to increase its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, significantly enhancing its potency.{{citation needed}} It produces its effects by increasing levels of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.
 Methamphetamine was discovered in Japan in 1893, shortly following the discovery of amphetamine. However, it was not widely used until World War II, in which both Allies and Axis forces utilized its stimulant effects.<ref name=":0" /> As the addictive properties became known, governments began to place strict controls on methamphetamine manufacture and distribution. Despite these efforts, methamphetamine abuse has become a major public health problem throughout the world.