Ketobemidone: Difference between revisions

Line 12:

==Pharmacology==

Ketobemidone is metabolized in the liver by N-dedemethylation, ringhydroxylation, O-methylation, and O-conjugation. The principal phase 1 reaction is N-demethylation. Primary metabolites of ketobemidone are norketobemidone, 4'-hydroxyketobemidone, and hydroxymethoxyketobemidone. The metabolites' pharmacological activity is unknown.<ref>https://bok.fass.se/LIF/product?userType=0&nplId=19930507000075</ref>

Ketobemidone is metabolized in the liver by N-dedemethylation, ringhydroxylation, O-methylation, and O-conjugation. The principal phase 1 reaction is ''N''-demethylation, and it is also metabolized by conjugation of the phenolic hydroxyl group.<ref>Bondesson U, Hartvig P, Danielsson B (1981). "Quantitative determination of the urinary excretion of ketobemidone and four of its metabolites after intravenous and oral administration in man". ''Drug Metabolism and Disposition.'' '''9''' (4): 376–80. PMID [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6114838 6114838].</ref> Primary metabolites of ketobemidone are norketobemidone, 4'-hydroxyketobemidone, and hydroxymethoxyketobemidone. The metabolites' pharmacological activity is unknown.<ref name=":0">https://bok.fass.se/LIF/product?userType=0&nplId=19930507000075</ref>

The elimination half-life of ketobemidone is 2 to 2.5 hours for both intravenous and oral administration.<ref name=":0" />

<br />

==Subjective effects==

Line 29:

Line 33:

==Legal status==

* '''Australia:''' S9 (Prohibited substance)

* '''Canada:''' Schedule I

* '''Germany:''' Anlage II (Authorized trade only, not prescriptible)

* '''United States:''' Schedule I

* '''European Union:''' Prescription only<ref>https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/psusa/ketobemidone-list-nationally-authorised-medicinal-products-psusa/0001807/202005_en.pdf</ref>

==See also==

@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 ==Pharmacology==
-Ketobemidone is metabolized in the liver by N-dedemethylation, ringhydroxylation, O-methylation, and O-conjugation. The principal phase 1 reaction is N-demethylation. Primary metabolites of ketobemidone are norketobemidone, 4'-hydroxyketobemidone, and hydroxymethoxyketobemidone. The metabolites' pharmacological activity is unknown.<ref>https://bok.fass.se/LIF/product?userType=0&nplId=19930507000075</ref>
+Ketobemidone is metabolized in the liver by N-dedemethylation, ringhydroxylation, O-methylation, and O-conjugation. The principal phase 1 reaction is ''N''-demethylation, and it is also metabolized by conjugation of the phenolic hydroxyl group.<ref>Bondesson U, Hartvig P, Danielsson B (1981). "Quantitative determination of the urinary excretion of ketobemidone and four of its metabolites after intravenous and oral administration in man". ''Drug Metabolism and Disposition.'' '''9''' (4): 376–80. PMID [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6114838 6114838].</ref> Primary metabolites of ketobemidone are norketobemidone, 4'-hydroxyketobemidone, and hydroxymethoxyketobemidone. The metabolites' pharmacological activity is unknown.<ref name=":0">https://bok.fass.se/LIF/product?userType=0&nplId=19930507000075</ref>
+The elimination half-life of ketobemidone is 2 to 2.5 hours for both intravenous and oral administration.<ref name=":0" />
+<br />
 ==Subjective effects==
@@ Line 29: / Line 33: @@
 ==Legal status==
+* '''Australia:''' S9 (Prohibited substance)
+* '''Canada:''' Schedule I
+* '''Germany:''' Anlage II (Authorized trade only, not prescriptible)
+* '''United States:''' Schedule I
+* '''European Union:''' Prescription only<ref>https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/psusa/ketobemidone-list-nationally-authorised-medicinal-products-psusa/0001807/202005_en.pdf</ref>
 ==See also==