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Pethidine: Difference between revisions
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==Chemistry== | ==Chemistry== | ||
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Pethidine is | Pethidine is a synthetic opioid of the phenylpiperidine class. Pethidine is the prototype of a large family of analgesics including the pethidine 4-phenylpiperidines (piminodine, anileridine and others), the prodines (alphaprodine, MPPP, ''etc.''), bemidones (ketobemidone, etc.) and others more distant, including diphenoxylate and analogues.<ref>Morphine and Allied Drugs, AK Reynolds & LO Randall, U of Toronto Press, Toronto 1957, and Oxford University Press (London) No ISBN given in book; pp. 273–319</ref> The most coomon hydrochloride form is a white crystalline substance with a melting point of 186 C to 189 C. It is readily soluble in water and has a neutral reaction and a slightly bitter taste.<ref name=":0">https://www.pharmacompass.com/chemistry-chemical-name/pethidine-hydrochloride</ref> | ||
Toxic pethidine blood concentration: 500 ug/dL and lethal pethidine blood concentration: 1-3 mg/dL.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
Pethidine can be produced in a two-step synthesis. The first step is reaction of benzyl cyanide and chlormethine in the presence of sodium amide to form a piperidine ring. The nitrile is then converted to an ester.<ref>Patent Appl. DE 679 281 IG Farben 1937.</ref> | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||