Methoxetamine: Difference between revisions

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'''Methoxetamine (MXE)''' or '''3-MeO-2-Oxo-PCE''' is a chemical of the [[arylcyclohexylamines|arylcyclohexylamine]] class which acts as an [[~~Dissociatives#Mechanism_of_Action|NMDA Receptor Antagonist~~]], [[~~dopamine]]-[[Reuptake Inhibitor|reuptake inhibitor~~]] and a ~~[[serotonin]] reuptake inhibitor with µ-opioid affinity and typical [[Dissociatives#Subjective effects|dissociative]] effects~~.

'''Methoxetamine (MXE)''' or '''3-MeO-2-Oxo-PCE''' is a chemical of the [[arylcyclohexylamines|arylcyclohexylamine]] class which acts as [[hallucinogenic]] [[dissociative]] and is primarily used as a recreational drug..

~~Methoxetamine~~ was originally developed as a research chemical through the use of intelligent drug design.

This substance was originally developed as a research chemical through the use of intelligent drug design.

<ref>Interview with a ketamine chemist | http://www.viceland.com/int/v18n2/htdocs/interview-with-ketamine-chemist-704.php</ref>. It is a chemical derivative of [[Ketamine]] that also contains structural features of [[phencyclidine|phencyclidine (PCP)]] and [[3-MeO-PCP]].

<ref>MXE Binding profile | http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/agencies-public-bodies/acmd1/methoxetamine2012?view=Binary</ref>. MXE has almost no history of human usage prior and was first identified by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, which monitors the Internet for new psychoactive substances within the European Union, in November 2010. By July 2011, they had identified 58 websites selling the compound, at a cost of 145–195 euros for 10 grams.

<ref>Online sales of new psychoactive substances/‘legalhighs’ | http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_143801_EN_SnapshotSummary.pdf</ref>

Like other drugs of its class such as [[Nitrous Oxide]] and [[Ketamine|ketamine]] (PCP), it induces a state referred to as "[[dissociatives#Subjective effects|dissociative anesthesia]]" and is used as a recreational drug.

==Chemistry==

This substance falls into the [[Arylcyclohexylamines|arylcyclohexylamine]] class of chemicals, and possesses [[Dissociatives#Mechanism of Action|NMDA receptor antagonist]] properties. NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurones in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. NMDA receptor antagonists close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurones leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually the famous “hole”.

=Chemistry=

[[File:Ach base.png|thumb|255px|right|General formula of arylcyclohexylamine molecule.]]

MXE is classed as an arylcyclohexylamine drug. The Ar group is methoxybenzene in MXE. The nitrogen has one substituted ethyl group. There is an acetyl group attached at carbon R<sub>2</sub>.

=Pharmacology=

==Pharmacology==

MXE ~~is a competitive~~ [[~~glutamate~~|NMDA receptor ~~antagonist~~]].

MXE acts as an [[Dissociatives#Mechanism_of_Action|NMDA Receptor Antagonist]]. NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurones in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. NMDA receptor antagonists close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurones leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually the famous “hole”.

MXE also acts as a [[dopamine]]-[[Reuptake Inhibitor|reuptake inhibitor]] and a [[serotonin]] [[reuptake inhibitor]] with [[Opioid receptors|µ-opioid]] affinity and typical [[Dissociatives#Subjective effects|dissociative]] effects. This provides an explanation for its euphoric and often stimulating effects.

=Subjective effects=

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 }}
-'''Methoxetamine (MXE)''' or '''3-MeO-2-Oxo-PCE''' is a chemical of the [[arylcyclohexylamines|arylcyclohexylamine]] class which acts as an [[Dissociatives#Mechanism_of_Action|NMDA Receptor Antagonist]], [[dopamine]]-[[Reuptake Inhibitor|reuptake inhibitor]] and a [[serotonin]] reuptake inhibitor with µ-opioid affinity and typical [[Dissociatives#Subjective effects|dissociative]] effects.
+'''Methoxetamine (MXE)''' or '''3-MeO-2-Oxo-PCE''' is a chemical of the [[arylcyclohexylamines|arylcyclohexylamine]] class which acts as [[hallucinogenic]] [[dissociative]] and is primarily used as a recreational drug..
-Methoxetamine was originally developed as a research chemical through the use of intelligent drug design.
+This substance was originally developed as a research chemical through the use of intelligent drug design.
 <ref>Interview with a ketamine chemist | http://www.viceland.com/int/v18n2/htdocs/interview-with-ketamine-chemist-704.php</ref>. It is a chemical derivative of [[Ketamine]] that also contains structural features of [[phencyclidine|phencyclidine (PCP)]] and [[3-MeO-PCP]].
 <ref>MXE Binding profile | http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/agencies-public-bodies/acmd1/methoxetamine2012?view=Binary</ref>. MXE has almost no history of human usage prior and was first identified by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, which monitors the Internet for new psychoactive substances within the European Union, in November 2010. By July 2011, they had identified 58 websites selling the compound, at a cost of 145–195&nbsp;euros for 10&nbsp;grams.
 <ref>Online sales of new psychoactive substances/‘legalhighs’ | http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_143801_EN_SnapshotSummary.pdf</ref>
-Like other drugs of its class such as [[Nitrous Oxide]] and [[Ketamine|ketamine]] (PCP), it induces a state referred to as "[[dissociatives#Subjective effects|dissociative anesthesia]]" and is used as a recreational drug.
+==Chemistry==
-This substance falls into the [[Arylcyclohexylamines|arylcyclohexylamine]] class of chemicals, and possesses [[Dissociatives#Mechanism of Action|NMDA receptor antagonist]] properties. NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurones in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. NMDA receptor antagonists close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurones leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually the famous “hole”.
-=Chemistry=
 [[File:Ach base.png|thumb|255px|right|General formula of arylcyclohexylamine molecule.]]
 MXE is classed as an arylcyclohexylamine drug. The Ar group is methoxybenzene in MXE. The nitrogen has one substituted ethyl group. There is an acetyl group attached at carbon R<sub>2</sub>.
-=Pharmacology=
+==Pharmacology==
-MXE is a competitive [[glutamate|NMDA receptor antagonist]].
+MXE acts as an [[Dissociatives#Mechanism_of_Action|NMDA Receptor Antagonist]]. NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurones in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. NMDA receptor antagonists close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurones leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually the famous “hole”.
+MXE also acts as a [[dopamine]]-[[Reuptake Inhibitor|reuptake inhibitor]] and a [[serotonin]] [[reuptake inhibitor]] with [[Opioid receptors|µ-opioid]] affinity and typical [[Dissociatives#Subjective effects|dissociative]] effects. This provides an explanation for its euphoric and often stimulating effects.
 =Subjective effects=