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Methoxetamine: Difference between revisions
>Kenan m Import from tripsit |
>LockPicker Clarified the legal situation in germany, added source |
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MXE acts as a non-competitive [[NMDA receptor antagonist]] and [[serotonin]]-[[Reuptake Inhibitor|reuptake inhibitor]].<ref name="MXE Binding Profile">[http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/agencies-public-bodies/acmd1/methoxetamine2012?view=Binary "ACMD Methoxetamine Report (2012)"]. Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. October 2012. pp. 14–15. Retrieved 6 February 2013.</ref> NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurons in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. Dissociatives close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurons leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually an almost identical equivalent of the famous “[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-hole k-hole].” MXE was reported to be similar to [[Ketamine|ketamine]] <ref>Kjellgren, A., & Jonsson, K. (2013). Methoxetamine (MXE)--a phenomenological study of experiences induced by a {\dq}legal high{\dq} from the internet. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 45(3), 276–286. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2013.803647</ref>, despite being stronger and having a longer duration. <ref>Coppola, M., & Mondola, R. (2012). Methoxetamine: From drug of abuse to rapid-acting antidepressant. Medical Hypotheses, 79(4), 504–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2012.07.002</ref> | MXE acts as a non-competitive [[NMDA receptor antagonist]] and [[serotonin]]-[[Reuptake Inhibitor|reuptake inhibitor]].<ref name="MXE Binding Profile">[http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/agencies-public-bodies/acmd1/methoxetamine2012?view=Binary "ACMD Methoxetamine Report (2012)"]. Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. October 2012. pp. 14–15. Retrieved 6 February 2013.</ref> NMDA receptors allow for electrical signals to pass between neurons in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. Dissociatives close the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurons leads to loss of feeling, difficulty moving, and eventually an almost identical equivalent of the famous “[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-hole k-hole].” MXE was reported to be similar to [[Ketamine|ketamine]] <ref>Kjellgren, A., & Jonsson, K. (2013). Methoxetamine (MXE)--a phenomenological study of experiences induced by a {\dq}legal high{\dq} from the internet. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 45(3), 276–286. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2013.803647</ref>, despite being stronger and having a longer duration. <ref>Coppola, M., & Mondola, R. (2012). Methoxetamine: From drug of abuse to rapid-acting antidepressant. Medical Hypotheses, 79(4), 504–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2012.07.002</ref> | ||
Because of its structural similarity to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-HO-PCP 3-HO-PCP], it was falsely believed to carry [[opioid]] properties.<ref>Morris, H., & Wallach, J. (2014). From PCP to MXE: A comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs. Drug Testing and Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1620</ref> This claim cannot be supported by actual data, instead showing only insignificant affinity for the µ-opioid receptor by the substance itself, although in-vivo metabolites could yield different effects.<ref name="MXE Binding Profile"/> | Because of its structural similarity to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-HO-PCP 3-HO-PCP], it was falsely believed to carry [[opioid]] properties.<ref>Morris, H., & Wallach, J. (2014). From PCP to MXE: A comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs. Drug Testing and Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1620</ref> This claim cannot be supported by actual data, instead showing only insignificant affinity for the µ-opioid receptor by the substance itself, although in-vivo metabolites could yield different effects.<ref name="MXE Binding Profile" /> | ||
==Subjective effects== | ==Subjective effects== | ||
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*'''Canada:''' Health Canada declared MXE a controlled substance, citing it as "considered an analogue of ketamine."<ref>"STATUS DECISION OF CONTROLLED AND NON-CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE(S)", https://web.archive.org/web/20160409135922/http://isomerdesign.com/Cdsa/HC/StatusDecisions/A-2013-00235%20-%20PDFs/C-Methoxetamine-2011-01-31.pdf. Retrieved January 24th, 2017.</ref> The possession, production, and sale are illegal. | *'''Canada:''' Health Canada declared MXE a controlled substance, citing it as "considered an analogue of ketamine."<ref>"STATUS DECISION OF CONTROLLED AND NON-CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE(S)", https://web.archive.org/web/20160409135922/http://isomerdesign.com/Cdsa/HC/StatusDecisions/A-2013-00235%20-%20PDFs/C-Methoxetamine-2011-01-31.pdf. Retrieved January 24th, 2017.</ref> The possession, production, and sale are illegal. | ||
*'''France:''' Methoxetamine was added to the list of illicit substances in August 2013.{{citation needed}} | *'''France:''' Methoxetamine was added to the list of illicit substances in August 2013.{{citation needed}} | ||
*'''Germany:''' | *'''Germany:''' MXE is controlled under BtMG Anlage I, making it illegal to manufacture, import, possess, sell, or transfer it without a license.<ref>http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_i.html</ref> | ||
*'''Italy:''' According to the table of drugs, MXE has been illegal in Italy since 2016.<ref>http://www.salute.gov.it/imgs/C_17_pagineAree_3729_listaFile_itemName_0_file.pdf</ref> | *'''Italy:''' According to the table of drugs, MXE has been illegal in Italy since 2016.<ref>http://www.salute.gov.it/imgs/C_17_pagineAree_3729_listaFile_itemName_0_file.pdf</ref> | ||
*'''Japan:''' It is illegal to possess, produce, or sell MXE.{{citation needed}} | *'''Japan:''' It is illegal to possess, produce, or sell MXE.{{citation needed}} | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Psychoactive substance]] | [[Category:Psychoactive substance]] | ||
[[Category:Arylcyclohexylamine]] | [[Category:Arylcyclohexylamine]] | ||