External hallucination: Difference between revisions

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[[File:deliriants.png|300px|right|thumb|''Deliriants by [[Anonymous]] [http://boards.420chan.org/deli/ DEL] user'' - This image represents the sinister external hallucinations commonly induced by [[deliriant]]s.]]

An '''external hallucination''' is defined as the perception of a visual hallucination which displays itself seamlessly into the external environment as if it were actually happening.<ref name="Gauntlett-GilbertKuipers2003">{{cite journal|last1=Gauntlett-Gilbert|first1=Jeremy|last2=Kuipers|first2=Elizabeth|title=PHENOMENOLOGY OF VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS IN PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS|journal=The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease|volume=191|issue=3|year=2003|pages=203–205|issn=0022-3018|doi=10.1097/01.NMD.0000055084.01402.02}}</ref><ref name="ObreshkovaKandilarov2017">Obreshkova, D., Kandilarov, I., Angelova, V. T., Iliev, Y., Atanasov, P., & Fotev, P. S. (2017). PHARMACO-TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND ANALYSIS OF PHENYLALKYLAMINE AND INDOLYLALKYLAMINE HALLUCINOGENS (REVIEW). PHARMACIA, 64(1), 41-42. http://bsphs.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Angelova.pdf</ref> This is in stark contrast to [[internal hallucinations]], such as [[dreams]], that occur exclusively within an imagined environment and can typically only be viewed with closed eyes.

An '''external hallucination''' is defined as the perception of a visual hallucination which displays itself seamlessly into the external environment as if it were actually happening.<ref name="ObreshkovaKandilarov2017">Obreshkova, D., Kandilarov, I., Angelova, V. T., Iliev, Y., Atanasov, P., & Fotev, P. S. (2017). PHARMACO-TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND ANALYSIS OF PHENYLALKYLAMINE AND INDOLYLALKYLAMINE HALLUCINOGENS (REVIEW). PHARMACIA, 64(1), 41-42. http://bsphs.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Angelova.pdf</ref><ref name="Gauntlett-GilbertKuipers2003">{{cite journal|last1=Gauntlett-Gilbert|first1=Jeremy|last2=Kuipers|first2=Elizabeth|title=PHENOMENOLOGY OF VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS IN PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS|journal=The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease|volume=191|issue=3|year=2003|pages=203–205|issn=0022-3018|doi=10.1097/01.NMD.0000055084.01402.02}}</ref> This is in stark contrast to [[internal hallucinations]], such as [[dreams]], that occur exclusively within an imagined environment and can typically only be viewed with closed eyes.

This effect is capable of manifesting itself across the 4 different levels of intensity described below:

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 [[File:deliriants.png|300px|right|thumb|''Deliriants by [[Anonymous]] [http://boards.420chan.org/deli/ DEL] user'' - This image represents the sinister external hallucinations commonly induced by [[deliriant]]s.]]
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-An '''external hallucination''' is defined as the perception of a visual hallucination which displays itself seamlessly into the external environment as if it were actually happening.<ref name="Gauntlett-GilbertKuipers2003">{{cite journal|last1=Gauntlett-Gilbert|first1=Jeremy|last2=Kuipers|first2=Elizabeth|title=PHENOMENOLOGY OF VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS IN PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS|journal=The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease|volume=191|issue=3|year=2003|pages=203–205|issn=0022-3018|doi=10.1097/01.NMD.0000055084.01402.02}}</ref><ref name="ObreshkovaKandilarov2017">Obreshkova, D., Kandilarov, I., Angelova, V. T., Iliev, Y., Atanasov, P., & Fotev, P. S. (2017). PHARMACO-TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND ANALYSIS OF PHENYLALKYLAMINE AND INDOLYLALKYLAMINE HALLUCINOGENS (REVIEW). PHARMACIA, 64(1), 41-42. http://bsphs.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Angelova.pdf</ref> This is in stark contrast to [[internal hallucinations]], such as [[dreams]], that occur exclusively within an imagined environment and can typically only be viewed with closed eyes.
+An '''external hallucination''' is defined as the perception of a visual hallucination which displays itself seamlessly into the external environment as if it were actually happening.<ref name="ObreshkovaKandilarov2017">Obreshkova, D., Kandilarov, I., Angelova, V. T., Iliev, Y., Atanasov, P., & Fotev, P. S. (2017). PHARMACO-TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND ANALYSIS OF PHENYLALKYLAMINE AND INDOLYLALKYLAMINE HALLUCINOGENS (REVIEW). PHARMACIA, 64(1), 41-42. http://bsphs.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Angelova.pdf</ref><ref name="Gauntlett-GilbertKuipers2003">{{cite journal|last1=Gauntlett-Gilbert|first1=Jeremy|last2=Kuipers|first2=Elizabeth|title=PHENOMENOLOGY OF VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS IN PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS|journal=The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease|volume=191|issue=3|year=2003|pages=203–205|issn=0022-3018|doi=10.1097/01.NMD.0000055084.01402.02}}</ref> This is in stark contrast to [[internal hallucinations]], such as [[dreams]], that occur exclusively within an imagined environment and can typically only be viewed with closed eyes.
 This effect is capable of manifesting itself across the 4 different levels of intensity described below: