Talk:Catharsis: Difference between revisions

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"There is a distinction between the understanding of the terms 'release of emotion' and 'expression of emotion'. This IS to some extent a subtle distinction"<ref>Kettles, A. M. (1994). Catharsis: an investigation of its meaning and nature. Journal of advanced nursing, 20(2), 368-376. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1994.20020368.x</ref>

===Concentrating on why you feel certain things has better results than reliving them===

"We have suggested that unconstrained thought about affect-laden things often results in making cognitions more consistent with the initial affect. Since affect is, in turn, at least partially determined by one's beliefs, the result is more extreme feelings. Presumably, this occurred in the Catharsis condition since the induction used is similar to manipulations used in previous attitude-polarization research. On the other hand, in the Process Constraint condition subjects were asked why they believe as they do about speaking in public. Recall that we also assumed that the process by which thought affects beliefs is usually not logical. Forcing subjects to focus on the bases of their beliefs may produce an awareness of the illogicality of the process. This, presumably, renders the product of the process less plausible, thereby reducing the affect. It should be noted that in this condition, no explicit attempts were made to change any specific beliefs. Therefore, any change in beliefs that did occur was mediated by the subjects' own cognitive work on those beliefs."<ref>Tesser, A., Leone, C., & Clary, E. G. (1978). Affect control: Process constraints versus catharsis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 2(3), 265-274. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01185788</ref>

===Studies on aggression should be taken with a grain of salt due to the nature of security===

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The mood findings do converge with findings about the catharsis hypothesis. Most studies have found that angry impulses and hostile tendencies are not reduced by acting aggressively (see Geen & Quanty, 1977, for review). On the other hand, we have found that angry people did positively enjoy some of the cathartic activities, such as hitting a punching bag (Bushman et al., 1999). Aggressive activity may therefore be relatively useless at getting rid of negative affect even though in some cases it may increase positive affect. Perhaps this is why the belief in catharsis and venting survives today despite all the contrary research findings. Aggression does occasionally create positive emotions, and some people may find those instances to be sufficient to sustain their belief that they will feel better if they vent their anger"<ref>Bushman, B. J., Baumeister, R. F., & Phillips, C. M. (2001). Do people aggress to improve their mood? Catharsis beliefs, affect regulation opportunity, and aggressive responding. Journal of personality and social psychology, 81(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.81.1.17</ref>

===More anger research===

"This research suggests that anger is not something that builds up inside like steam, and that can be vented or automatically dissipated through expression. In contrast I will suggest that anger expression only leads to "emotional relief" under certain conditions. From this I will propose a ' 'cognitive'' explanation for the times when emotional expression does lead to relief"<ref>Bohart, A. C. (1980). Toward a cognitive theory of catharsis. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 17(2), 192. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0085911</ref> '''sidenote -- "hydraulic model" is proposed name for venting pressure and purgation theory is elsewhere'''

===References===

@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 "There is a distinction between the understanding of the terms 'release of emotion' and 'expression of emotion'. This IS to some extent a subtle distinction"<ref>Kettles, A. M. (1994). Catharsis: an investigation of its meaning and nature. Journal of advanced nursing, 20(2), 368-376. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1994.20020368.x</ref>
+===Concentrating on why you feel certain things has better results than reliving them===
+"We have suggested that unconstrained thought about affect-laden things often results in making cognitions more consistent with the initial affect. Since affect is, in turn, at least partially determined by one's beliefs, the result is more extreme feelings. Presumably, this occurred in the Catharsis condition since the induction used is similar to manipulations used in previous attitude-polarization research. On the other hand, in the Process Constraint condition subjects were asked why they believe as they do about speaking in public. Recall that we also assumed that the process by which thought affects beliefs is usually not logical. Forcing subjects to focus on the bases of their beliefs may produce an awareness of the illogicality of the process. This, presumably, renders the product of the process less plausible, thereby reducing the affect. It should be noted that in this condition, no explicit attempts were made to change any specific beliefs. Therefore, any change in beliefs that did occur was mediated by the subjects' own cognitive work on those beliefs."<ref>Tesser, A., Leone, C., & Clary, E. G. (1978). Affect control: Process constraints versus catharsis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 2(3), 265-274. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01185788</ref>
 ===Studies on aggression should be taken with a grain of salt due to the nature of security===
@@ Line 42: / Line 45: @@
 The mood findings do converge with findings about the catharsis hypothesis. Most studies have found that angry impulses and hostile tendencies are not reduced by acting aggressively (see Geen & Quanty, 1977, for review). On the other hand, we have found that angry people did positively enjoy some of the cathartic activities, such as hitting a punching bag (Bushman et al., 1999). Aggressive activity may therefore be relatively useless at getting rid of negative affect even though in some cases it may increase positive affect. Perhaps this is why the belief in catharsis and venting survives today despite all the contrary research findings. Aggression does occasionally create positive emotions, and some people may find those instances to be sufficient to sustain their belief that they will feel better if they vent their anger"<ref>Bushman, B. J., Baumeister, R. F., & Phillips, C. M. (2001). Do people aggress to improve their mood? Catharsis beliefs, affect regulation opportunity, and aggressive responding. Journal of personality and social psychology, 81(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.81.1.17</ref>
+===More anger research===
+"This research suggests that anger is not something that builds up inside like steam, and that can be vented or automatically dissipated through expression. In contrast I will suggest that anger expression only leads to "emotional relief" under certain conditions. From this I will propose a ' 'cognitive'' explanation for the times when emotional expression does lead to relief"<ref>Bohart, A. C. (1980). Toward a cognitive theory of catharsis. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 17(2), 192. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0085911</ref> '''sidenote -- "hydraulic model" is proposed name for venting pressure and purgation theory is elsewhere'''
 ===References===
 <references/>