GHB: Difference between revisions

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==Pharmacology==

GHB has at least two distinct binding sites~~[66]~~ in the central nervous system. GHB is an agonist at the newly characterized GHB receptor, which is excitatory,<ref>γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and γ-aminobutyric acidB receptor (GABABR) binding sites are distinctive from one another: molecular evidence | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028390804002527</ref><ref>A mechanism for γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as a drug and a substance of abuse | http://www.medecinesciences.org/articles/medsci/abs/2005/03/medsci2005213p284/medsci2005213p284.html</ref> and it is a weak agonist at the GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor, which is inhibitory.<ref>A mechanism for γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as a drug and a substance of abuse | http://www.medecinesciences.org/articles/medsci/abs/2005/03/medsci2005213p284/medsci2005213p284.html</ref>

GHB has at least two distinct binding sites<ref>Gammahydroxybutyrate: An endogenous regulator of energy metabolism | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763489800533</ref> in the central nervous system. GHB is an agonist at the newly characterized GHB receptor, which is excitatory,<ref>γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and γ-aminobutyric acidB receptor (GABABR) binding sites are distinctive from one another: molecular evidence | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028390804002527</ref><ref>A mechanism for γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as a drug and a substance of abuse | http://www.medecinesciences.org/articles/medsci/abs/2005/03/medsci2005213p284/medsci2005213p284.html</ref> and it is a weak agonist at the GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor, which is inhibitory.<ref>A mechanism for γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as a drug and a substance of abuse | http://www.medecinesciences.org/articles/medsci/abs/2005/03/medsci2005213p284/medsci2005213p284.html</ref>

GHB induces the accumulation of either a derivative of tryptophan or tryptophan itself in the extracellular space, possibly by increasing tryptophan transport across the blood–brain barrier. GHB-induced stimulation may be due to an increase in tryptophan transport to the brain and in its uptake by serotonergic cells. As the serotonergic system may be involved in the regulation of sleep, mood, and anxiety, the stimulation of this system by high doses of GHB may be involved in certain neuropharmacological events induced by GHB administration.

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 ==Pharmacology==
-GHB has at least two distinct binding sites[66] in the central nervous system. GHB is an agonist at the newly characterized GHB receptor, which is excitatory,<ref>γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and γ-aminobutyric acidB receptor (GABABR) binding sites are distinctive from one another: molecular evidence | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028390804002527</ref><ref>A mechanism for γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as a drug and a substance of abuse | http://www.medecinesciences.org/articles/medsci/abs/2005/03/medsci2005213p284/medsci2005213p284.html</ref> and it is a weak agonist at the GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor, which is inhibitory.<ref>A mechanism for γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as a drug and a substance of abuse | http://www.medecinesciences.org/articles/medsci/abs/2005/03/medsci2005213p284/medsci2005213p284.html</ref>
+GHB has at least two distinct binding sites<ref>Gammahydroxybutyrate: An endogenous regulator of energy metabolism | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763489800533</ref> in the central nervous system. GHB is an agonist at the newly characterized GHB receptor, which is excitatory,<ref>γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and γ-aminobutyric acidB receptor (GABABR) binding sites are distinctive from one another: molecular evidence | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028390804002527</ref><ref>A mechanism for γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as a drug and a substance of abuse | http://www.medecinesciences.org/articles/medsci/abs/2005/03/medsci2005213p284/medsci2005213p284.html</ref> and it is a weak agonist at the GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor, which is inhibitory.<ref>A mechanism for γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as a drug and a substance of abuse | http://www.medecinesciences.org/articles/medsci/abs/2005/03/medsci2005213p284/medsci2005213p284.html</ref>
 GHB induces the accumulation of either a derivative of tryptophan or tryptophan itself in the extracellular space, possibly by increasing tryptophan transport across the blood–brain barrier. GHB-induced stimulation may be due to an increase in tryptophan transport to the brain and in its uptake by serotonergic cells. As the serotonergic system may be involved in the regulation of sleep, mood, and anxiety, the stimulation of this system by high doses of GHB may be involved in certain neuropharmacological events induced by GHB administration.