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MiPLA: Difference between revisions
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'''N-Methyl-N-isopropyllysergamide''' (also known as '''methylisopropyllysergamide''', '''Lamide''' and '''MiPLA''') is a novel [[psychoactive class::psychedelic]] substance of the [[chemical class::lysergamide]] class. MiPLA is chemically similar to LSD and has a similar mechanism of action, working primarily by stimulating [[serotonin]] [[receptors]] in the brain. | '''N-Methyl-N-isopropyllysergamide''' (also known as '''methylisopropyllysergamide''', '''Lamide''' and '''MiPLA''') is a novel [[psychoactive class::psychedelic]] substance of the [[chemical class::lysergamide]] class. MiPLA is chemically similar to LSD and has a similar mechanism of action, working primarily by stimulating [[serotonin]] [[receptors]] in the brain. | ||
MiPLA was first discovered by Albert Hoffman as a part of the original structure-activity research | MiPLA was first discovered by Albert Hoffman as a part of the original structure-activity research for [[LSD]]. It has recently been researched in greater detail by by a team led by David E. Nichols at Purdue University. MiPLA and its effects are also mentioned in Alexander Shulgin's "Pharmacology Notes #9" and "Pharmacology Notes C".<ref>https://erowid.org/library/books_online/shulgin_labbooks/shulgin_pharmacology_notebook9_searchable.pdf</ref><ref>https://erowid.org/library/books_online/shulgin_labbooks/shulgin_pharmacology_notebookc_searchable.pdf</ref> According to Shulgin, human subjects administered MIPLA at doses of 180–300μg experienced LSD-like psychedelic effects, making it about two- to threefold less potent than LSD.<ref>Halberstadt, A.L., Klein, L.M., Chatha, M. et al. Psychopharmacology (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-018-5055-9</ref> | ||
User reports describe the effects of MiPLA as similar to those of LSD with | User reports describe the effects of MiPLA as similar to those of LSD, with some marked differences. It is described as being more mentally and physically oriented but with a less introspective headspace and subtle, albeit pronounced visuals. It also has a notably shorter duration at 4-6 hours and is generally described as less anxiety-provoking than other lysergamides. | ||
Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of MiPLA. | Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of MiPLA. It is highly advised to use harm reduction practices when using this substance. | ||
==Chemistry== | ==Chemistry== | ||
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MiPLA is a structural isomer of LSD. Like LSD, the chemical structure of MiPLA is based on the lysergic acid amide structural skeleton. However, whereas LSD has two ethyl groups bound to the amide nitrogen, MiPLA is substituted with a methyl and isopropyl group. | MiPLA is a structural isomer of LSD. Like LSD, the chemical structure of MiPLA is based on the lysergic acid amide structural skeleton. However, whereas LSD has two ethyl groups bound to the amide nitrogen, MiPLA is substituted with a methyl and isopropyl group. | ||
MiPLA is a chiral compound with two stereocenters at R5 and R8. The differences in psychoactivity between the stereoisomers | MiPLA is a chiral compound with two stereocenters at R5 and R8. The differences in psychoactivity between the stereoisomers have not been investigated. | ||
==Pharmacology== | |||
Owing to similarities in chemical structure, MIPLA and LSD have highly similar binding profiles at monoamine receptors. | |||
One study found MIPLA to fully substitute for LSDin rats, with about half the potency of the training drug | |||
==Subjective effects== | ==Subjective effects== | ||
{{EffectStub}} | |||
MiPLA is commonly reported to be significantly shorter in its duration and less uncomfortable in both its [[Uncomfortable_physical_effects|negative physical side effects]] and general [[anxiety]]. | MiPLA is commonly reported to be significantly shorter in its duration and less uncomfortable in both its [[Uncomfortable_physical_effects|negative physical side effects]] and general [[anxiety]]. | ||
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|{{effects/physical| | |{{effects/physical| | ||
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - | *'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - MiPLA is considered to be primarily stimulating in nature in the same vein as LSD. This is in distinction to other, more commonly used psychedelics such as [[psilocybin]] which are more consistent in producing [[sedation]] and [[muscle relaxation|relaxedness]]. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous bodily sensations]]''' - The "body high" of MiPLA can be described as proportionally intense in comparison to its accompanying visual and cognitive effects. It behaves as a euphoric, fast-moving, sharp and location specific tingling sensation. For some, it is manifested spontaneously at different unpredictable points throughout the experience, but for most it maintains a steady presence that rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached. In comparison to LSD, it is a little less sharp in the tingling sensations it produces as but is otherwise essentially indistinguishable. | *'''[[Effect::Spontaneous bodily sensations]]''' - The "body high" of MiPLA can be described as proportionally intense in comparison to its accompanying visual and cognitive effects. It behaves as a euphoric, fast-moving, sharp and location specific tingling sensation. For some, it is manifested spontaneously at different unpredictable points throughout the experience, but for most it maintains a steady presence that rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached. In comparison to LSD, it is a little less sharp in the tingling sensations it produces as but is otherwise essentially indistinguishable. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria]]''' - It should be noted that this effect is not as reliably induceable as it is with substances like [[stimulants]] or [[entactogens]], and can just as easily manifest as physical discomfort without any apparent reason. | *'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria]]''' - It should be noted that this effect is not as reliably induceable as it is with substances like [[stimulants]] or [[entactogens]], and can just as easily manifest as physical discomfort without any apparent reason. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Changes in felt bodily form]]''' - This effect is often accompanied by a sense of warmth or [[Unity and interconnectedness#Unity between the self and specific external systems|unity]] and usually occurs during and up to the peak of the experience or directly afterward. Users can feel as if they are physically part of or conjoined with other objects. This is usually reported as feeling comfortable and peaceful in its sensations. | *'''[[Effect::Changes in felt bodily form]]''' - This effect is often accompanied by a sense of warmth or [[Unity and interconnectedness#Unity between the self and specific external systems|unity]] and usually occurs during and up to the peak of the experience or directly afterward. Users can feel as if they are physically part of or conjoined with other objects. This is usually reported as feeling comfortable and peaceful in its sensations. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Tactile enhancement]]''' - Feelings of enhanced tactile sensations are consistently present at moderate levels throughout most MiPLA trips | *'''[[Effect::Tactile enhancement]]''' - Feelings of enhanced tactile sensations are consistently present at moderate levels throughout most MiPLA trips. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Temperature regulation suppression]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Temperature regulation suppression]]'''{{citation needed}} | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased bodily temperature]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased bodily temperature]]'''{{citation needed}} | ||
*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Nausea]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Stamina enhancement]]''' - This is generally mild in comparison to traditional [[stimulants]]. | *'''[[Effect::Stamina enhancement]]''' - This is generally mild in comparison to traditional [[stimulants]]. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Bodily control enhancement]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Bodily control enhancement]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Difficulty urinating]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Difficulty urinating]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased blood pressure]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased blood pressure]]'''{{citation needed}} | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]'''{{citation needed}} | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased perspiration]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased perspiration]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Muscle contractions]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Muscle contractions]]''' | ||
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*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased salivation]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased salivation]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Seizure]]''' - The possibility of seizures is extrapolated from the seizures that have been reported following the use of [[LSD]]. They are thought to mainly be a risk in those who are genetically predisposed to them, particularly while accompanied by physically taxing conditions such as dehydration, fatigue or undernourishment. | *'''[[Effect::Seizure]]'''{{citation needed}} - The possibility of seizures is extrapolated from the seizures that have been reported following the use of [[LSD]]. They are thought to mainly be a risk in those who are genetically predisposed to them, particularly while accompanied by physically taxing conditions such as dehydration, fatigue or undernourishment. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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}} | }} | ||
{{effects/transpersonal| | {{effects/transpersonal| | ||
Reports indicate that the transpersonal effects of MIPLA are comparatively weaker than those of LSD and other lysergamides, as well as classical psychedelics such as [[psilocybin mushrooms]] or [[mescaline]]. | |||
*'''[[Effect::Existential self-realization]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Existential self-realization]]''' | ||
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As with other psychedelic substances, there are relatively few physical side effects that have been reported associated with acute MiPLA exposure. Although no formal studies have been conducted, it is likely that as with [[LSD]] itself, MiPLA is able to be considered non-addictive, with an [[Toxicity::extremely low toxicity]] relative to dose.<ref>Passie, T., Halpern, J. H., Stichtenoth, D. O., Emrich, H. M., & Hintzen, A. (2008). [http://www.maps.org/w3pb/new/2008/2008_Passie_23067_1.pdf The Pharmacology of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: A Review], 14, 295–314. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00059.x</ref> It is also likely that as with LSD, there are little to no negative physical, cognitive, psychiatric or other toxic consequences associated with acute MiPLA exposure. | As with other psychedelic substances, there are relatively few physical side effects that have been reported associated with acute MiPLA exposure. Although no formal studies have been conducted, it is likely that as with [[LSD]] itself, MiPLA is able to be considered non-addictive, with an [[Toxicity::extremely low toxicity]] relative to dose.<ref>Passie, T., Halpern, J. H., Stichtenoth, D. O., Emrich, H. M., & Hintzen, A. (2008). [http://www.maps.org/w3pb/new/2008/2008_Passie_23067_1.pdf The Pharmacology of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: A Review], 14, 295–314. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00059.x</ref> It is also likely that as with LSD, there are little to no negative physical, cognitive, psychiatric or other toxic consequences associated with acute MiPLA exposure. | ||
However, as | However, as is the case for LSD, it is possible that MiPLA can act as a potential trigger for those with underlying psychiatric conditions. Those with a personal or family history of mental illness are generally advised not to use this substance, particularly outside of a supervised medical setting. | ||
It is strongly recommended that one uses [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance. | It is strongly recommended that one uses [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance. | ||
===Overdose=== | |||
The LD<sub>50</sub> of MiPLA is unknown. Adverse psychological reactions may be more likely to occur at higher doses. Some of these include [[anxiety]], [[delusions]], [[panic attacks]] and more rarely [[seizures]]. Medical attention is usually only needed if suspected of severe psychotic episodes or “fake acid” (such as [[25i-NBOMe]] or [[DOB]]). Administration of [[benzodiazepines]] or [[antipsychotics]] can help to relieve the negative cognitive effects of MiPLA. | |||
===Dependence and abuse potential=== | ===Dependence and abuse potential=== | ||
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Owing to its activity at the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor, MiPLA presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[psychedelic]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of MiPLA all psychedelics will have a reduced effect. | Owing to its activity at the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor, MiPLA presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[psychedelic]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of MiPLA all psychedelics will have a reduced effect. | ||
===Dangerous interactions=== | ===Dangerous interactions=== | ||
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}} | {{DangerousInteractions/Intro}} | ||
*'''[[Tramadol]]''' - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold<ref>Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of medical toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089</ref> and [[psychedelics]] may act as triggers for seizures, particularly in | *'''[[Tramadol]]''' - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold<ref>Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of medical toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089</ref> and [[psychedelics]] may act as triggers for seizures, particularly in predisposed individuals.{{citation needed}} | ||
*'''[[Stimulants]]''' - Stimulants affect many parts of the brain. Combined with psychedelics, stimulation can turn into uncontrollable [[anxiety]], [[Panic attacks|panic]], [[thought loops]] and [[paranoia]]. This interaction may cause elevated risk of psychosis.{{citation needed}} | *'''[[Stimulants]]''' - Stimulants affect many parts of the brain. Combined with psychedelics, stimulation can turn into uncontrollable [[anxiety]], [[Panic attacks|panic]], [[thought loops]] and [[paranoia]]. This interaction may cause elevated risk of psychosis.{{citation needed}} | ||
*'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_(medication) Lithium]''' - Lithium is often used as treatment for bipolar disorder. It may possibly cause elevated risk of seizures and psychosis due to its [[Glutamate|glutaminergic]] and [[GABA|GABAergic]] effects.{{citation needed}} | *'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_(medication) Lithium]''' - Lithium is often used as treatment for bipolar disorder. It may possibly cause elevated risk of seizures and psychosis due to its [[Glutamate|glutaminergic]] and [[GABA|GABAergic]] effects.{{citation needed}} | ||
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==Legal status== | ==Legal status== | ||
{{legalStub}} | {{legalStub}} | ||
MiPLA | MiPLA currently exists in a legal grey area in most parts of the world. This means that it is not specifically illegal within most countries but individuals may still be charged for its possession under certain circumstances such as under analog laws and with the intent to sell or consume. | ||
*'''Austria:''' MiPLA is technically not illegal but it may fall in the NPSG (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz Österreich) as an analogue of LSD. {{citation needed}} | *'''Austria:''' MiPLA is technically not illegal but it may fall in the NPSG (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz Österreich) as an analogue of LSD. {{citation needed}} | ||
*'''United States:''' MiPLA is | *'''United States:''' MiPLA is not scheduled but may be considered to be an analogue of LSD, which would make it illegal to possess for human consumption under the Federal Analogue Act. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||