3-FPM: Difference between revisions

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'''3-Fluorophenmetrazine''' (also ~~called~~ '''3F-Phenmetrazine''', '''3-~~FPM~~''' or '''~~PAL~~-~~593~~''') is a [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[Chemical class::phenylmorpholine]] ~~chemical~~ class. It produces classical stimulant effects such as [[stimulation]], [[focus enhancement|focus]] & [[motivation enhancement]], [[thought acceleration]], [[wakefulness]], and [[euphoria]] when [[routes of administration|administered]]. It is a ~~structural analog~~ of [[phenmetrazine]], a once-popular stimulant ~~drug~~ that was clinically used as an anorectic ~~(weight-loss agent)~~ in Europe in the 1950s ~~before it was later withdrawn due to concerns over misuse and addiction~~.<ref> Kalant, Oriana Josseau (1966). The Amphetamines: Toxicity and Addiction. ISBN 0-398-02511-8.</ref>

'''3-Fluorophenmetrazine''' (also known as '''3F-Phenmetrazine''', '''PAL-593''', and '''3-FPM''') is a novel [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[Chemical class::phenylmorpholine]] class. 3-FPM is a derivative of [[phenmetrazine]], a once-popular stimulant substance that was clinically used as an anorectic in Europe in the 1950s.<ref> Kalant, Oriana Josseau (1966). The Amphetamines: Toxicity and Addiction. ISBN 0-398-02511-8.</ref> It produces its activity by increasing the levels of [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.

~~According to anecdotal reports,~~ 3-FPM ~~is considered to be more subtle~~ in ~~its effects when compared to other stimulants and produces less [[anxiety|nervousness]]~~, ~~[[euphoria]]~~, and ~~[[wakefulness|insomnia]] than substances~~ of the [[~~substituted amphetamine]] class, leading to its adoption as a study and productivity-enhancing drug as opposed to the more typical recreational stimulant with pronounced [[euphoric~~]] ~~properties~~.

The synthesis and pharmacology of 3-FPM was first reported in a patent filed in 2011.<ref>Blough, B. E., Rothman, R., Landavazo, A., Page, K. M., & Decker, A. M. (2017). U.S. Patent No. 9,617,229. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.</ref> Reports of human use first surfaced in early 2015 after it appeared on the online [[research chemical]] market.

~~It should be noted~~ that ~~although this compound is usually sold under the name "~~3-FPM", it ~~was first named in scientific literature~~ as ~~"PAL~~-~~593". Using this name to search for information regarding this compound may be more successful than using "3~~-~~FPM~~."

User reports indicate that 3-FPM produces classical stimulant effects comparable to those of amphetamine. Common effects include [[stimulation]], [[focus enhancement|enhanced focus]] and [[motivation enhancement|motivation]], [[thought acceleration]], and [[euphoria]]. Many reports describe 3-FPM as having a relatively subtle and controlled stimulant effect which produces less nervousness, insomnia and euphoria than other stimulants, which makes it suitable as a study-aid or productivity-enhancer.

Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 3-FPM ~~in humans. It has no history of human usage until 2014 when it began being sold as a gray-area [[research chemical]] by online vendors~~. Due to its ~~likely ability to produce dependence and addiction~~, it is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if ~~choosing to use~~ this substance.

Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 3-FPM. Due to the lack of information on its properties, it is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance.

==Chemistry==

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==Subjective effects==

According to anecdotal reports, 3-FPM is considered to be more subtle in its effects when compared to other stimulants and produces less [[anxiety|nervousness]], [[euphoria]], and [[wakefulness|insomnia]] than substances of the [[substituted amphetamine]] class, leading to its adoption as a study and productivity-enhancing drug as opposed to the more typical recreational stimulant with pronounced [[euphoric]] properties.

{{effects/base

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 {{SubstanceBox/3-FPM}}
-'''3-Fluorophenmetrazine''' (also called '''3F-Phenmetrazine''', '''3-FPM''' or '''PAL-593''') is a [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[Chemical class::phenylmorpholine]] chemical class. It produces classical stimulant effects such as [[stimulation]], [[focus enhancement|focus]] & [[motivation enhancement]], [[thought acceleration]], [[wakefulness]], and [[euphoria]] when [[routes of administration|administered]]. It is a structural analog of [[phenmetrazine]], a once-popular stimulant drug that was clinically used as an anorectic (weight-loss agent) in Europe in the 1950s before it was later withdrawn due to concerns over misuse and addiction.<ref> Kalant, Oriana Josseau (1966). The Amphetamines: Toxicity and Addiction. ISBN 0-398-02511-8.</ref>
+'''3-Fluorophenmetrazine''' (also known as '''3F-Phenmetrazine''', '''PAL-593''', and '''3-FPM''') is a novel [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[Chemical class::phenylmorpholine]] class. 3-FPM is a derivative of [[phenmetrazine]], a once-popular stimulant substance that was clinically used as an anorectic in Europe in the 1950s.<ref> Kalant, Oriana Josseau (1966). The Amphetamines: Toxicity and Addiction. ISBN 0-398-02511-8.</ref> It produces its activity by increasing the levels of [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.
-According to anecdotal reports, 3-FPM is considered to be more subtle in its effects when compared to other stimulants and produces less [[anxiety|nervousness]], [[euphoria]], and [[wakefulness|insomnia]] than substances of the [[substituted amphetamine]] class, leading to its adoption as a study and productivity-enhancing drug as opposed to the more typical recreational stimulant with pronounced [[euphoric]] properties.
+The synthesis and pharmacology of 3-FPM was first reported in a patent filed in 2011.<ref>Blough, B. E., Rothman, R., Landavazo, A., Page, K. M., & Decker, A. M. (2017). U.S. Patent No. 9,617,229. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.</ref> Reports of human use first surfaced in early 2015 after it appeared on the online [[research chemical]] market.
-It should be noted that although this compound is usually sold under the name "3-FPM", it was first named in scientific literature as "PAL-593". Using this name to search for information regarding this compound may be more successful than using "3-FPM."
+User reports indicate that 3-FPM produces classical stimulant effects comparable to those of amphetamine. Common effects include [[stimulation]], [[focus enhancement|enhanced focus]] and [[motivation enhancement|motivation]], [[thought acceleration]], and [[euphoria]]. Many reports describe 3-FPM as having a relatively subtle and controlled stimulant effect which produces less nervousness, insomnia and euphoria than other stimulants, which makes it suitable as a study-aid or productivity-enhancer.
-Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 3-FPM in humans. It has no history of human usage until 2014 when it began being sold as a gray-area [[research chemical]] by online vendors. Due to its likely ability to produce dependence and addiction, it is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if choosing to use this substance.
+Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 3-FPM.  Due to the lack of information on its properties, it is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance.
 ==Chemistry==
@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 ==Subjective effects==
+According to anecdotal reports, 3-FPM is considered to be more subtle in its effects when compared to other stimulants and produces less [[anxiety|nervousness]], [[euphoria]], and [[wakefulness|insomnia]] than substances of the [[substituted amphetamine]] class, leading to its adoption as a study and productivity-enhancing drug as opposed to the more typical recreational stimulant with pronounced [[euphoric]] properties.
 {{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
 {{effects/base