Anxiety: Difference between revisions

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Psychoactive substance-induced anxiety can be caused as an inescapable effect of the drug itself, by a lack of experience with the substance or its intensity, as an enhancement of a pre-existing state of mind, or by the experience of negative hallucinations.

Anxiety is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[depression]] and [[irritability]]. It is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#common|moderate]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[hallucinogenic]] compounds, such as [[cannabinoids]],<ref>Cannabis and anxiety: a critical review of the evidence | https://~~onlinelibrary~~.~~wiley.com/doi/full~~/10.1002/hup.1048</ref> [[psychedelics]],<ref>Comparison of psilocin with psilocybin, mescaline and LSD-25 (~~springer~~.~~com) |~~ https://~~link~~.~~springer.com/article~~/10.1007~~%2FBF00412109?LI=true~~</ref> [[dissociatives]], and [[deliriants]].<ref>Datura effects (Erowid) | https://erowid.org/plants/datura/datura_effects.shtml</ref> However, it can also occur during the withdrawal symptoms of [[GABAergic]] [[depressants]]<ref>Rebound anxiety in anxious patients after abrupt withdrawal of benzodiazepine treatment (~~ncbi~~) | https://~~www~~.~~ncbi~~.~~nlm~~.~~nih~~.~~gov/pubmed/6145363~~</ref> and during [[stimulant]] comedowns.<ref>Adverse effects of stimulant drugs in a community sample of drug users (~~ScienceDirect~~) | https://~~www~~.~~sciencedirect~~.~~com~~/~~science/article/pii/S0376871696013245~~</ref></onlyinclude>

Anxiety is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[depression]] and [[irritability]]. It is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#common|moderate]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[hallucinogenic]] compounds, such as [[cannabinoids]],<ref>Crippa, J. A., Zuardi, A. W., Martín‐Santos, R., Bhattacharyya, S., Atakan, Z., McGuire, P., & Fusar‐Poli, P. (2009). Cannabis and anxiety: a critical review of the evidence. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 24(7), 515-523. https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.1048</ref> [[psychedelics]],<ref>Wolbach, A. B., Miner, E. J., & Isbell, H. (1962). Comparison of psilocin with psilocybin, mescaline and LSD-25. Psychopharmacology, 3(3), 219-223. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00412109</ref> [[dissociatives]], and [[deliriants]].<ref>Datura effects (Erowid) | https://erowid.org/plants/datura/datura_effects.shtml</ref> However, it can also occur during the withdrawal symptoms of [[GABAergic]] [[depressants]]<ref>Fontaine, R., Chouinard, G., & Annable, L. (1984). Rebound anxiety in anxious patients after abrupt withdrawal of benzodiazepine treatment. Am J Psychiatry, 141(7), 848-852. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.7.848</ref> and during [[stimulant]] comedowns.<ref>Williamson, S., Gossop, M., Powis, B., Griffiths, P., Fountain, J., & Strang, J. (1997). Adverse effects of stimulant drugs in a community sample of drug users. Drug and alcohol dependence, 44(2-3), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-8716(96)01324-5</ref></onlyinclude>

====Panic attacks====

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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panic_attack Panic Attack (Wikipedia)]

===References===

[[Category:Cognitive]] [[Category:Enhancement]] [[Category:Effect]]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 Psychoactive substance-induced anxiety can be caused as an inescapable effect of the drug itself, by a lack of experience with the substance or its intensity, as an enhancement of a pre-existing state of mind, or by the experience of negative hallucinations.
-Anxiety is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[depression]] and [[irritability]]. It is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#common|moderate]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[hallucinogenic]] compounds, such as [[cannabinoids]],<ref>Cannabis and anxiety: a critical review of the evidence | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/hup.1048</ref> [[psychedelics]],<ref>Comparison of psilocin with psilocybin, mescaline and LSD-25 (springer.com) | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00412109?LI=true</ref> [[dissociatives]], and [[deliriants]].<ref>Datura effects (Erowid) | https://erowid.org/plants/datura/datura_effects.shtml</ref> However, it can also occur during the withdrawal symptoms of [[GABAergic]] [[depressants]]<ref>Rebound anxiety in anxious patients after abrupt withdrawal of benzodiazepine treatment (ncbi) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6145363</ref> and during [[stimulant]] comedowns.<ref>Adverse effects of stimulant drugs in a community sample of drug users (ScienceDirect) | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871696013245</ref></onlyinclude>
+Anxiety is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[depression]] and [[irritability]]. It is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#common|moderate]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[hallucinogenic]] compounds, such as [[cannabinoids]],<ref>Crippa, J. A., Zuardi, A. W., Martín‐Santos, R., Bhattacharyya, S., Atakan, Z., McGuire, P., & Fusar‐Poli, P. (2009). Cannabis and anxiety: a critical review of the evidence. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 24(7), 515-523. https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.1048</ref> [[psychedelics]],<ref>Wolbach, A. B., Miner, E. J., & Isbell, H. (1962). Comparison of psilocin with psilocybin, mescaline and LSD-25. Psychopharmacology, 3(3), 219-223. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00412109</ref> [[dissociatives]], and [[deliriants]].<ref>Datura effects (Erowid) | https://erowid.org/plants/datura/datura_effects.shtml</ref> However, it can also occur during the withdrawal symptoms of [[GABAergic]] [[depressants]]<ref>Fontaine, R., Chouinard, G., & Annable, L. (1984). Rebound anxiety in anxious patients after abrupt withdrawal of benzodiazepine treatment. Am J Psychiatry, 141(7), 848-852. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.7.848</ref> and during [[stimulant]] comedowns.<ref>Williamson, S., Gossop, M., Powis, B., Griffiths, P., Fountain, J., & Strang, J. (1997). Adverse effects of stimulant drugs in a community sample of drug users. Drug and alcohol dependence, 44(2-3), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-8716(96)01324-5</ref></onlyinclude>
 ====Panic attacks====
@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panic_attack Panic Attack (Wikipedia)]
 ===References===
-<references />
+<references/>
 [[Category:Cognitive]] [[Category:Enhancement]] [[Category:Effect]]