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5-Hydroxytryptophan: Difference between revisions
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'''5-Hydroxytryptophan''' (also known as '''5-HTP''' and '''oxitriptan''') is a naturally occurring amino acid | '''5-Hydroxytryptophan''' (also known as '''5-HTP''' and '''oxitriptan''') is a naturally occurring amino acid that acts as a chemical precursor and metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the [[neurotransmitters]] [[serotonin]] and [[melatonin]] in the human body.{{citation needed}} | ||
5-HTP is available over the counter in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada as a dietary supplement and is sometimes used as an [[antidepressant]], sleep aid, and appetite suppressant. In some European countries, it is marketed as a prescription drug for the treatment of major depression.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=5GpcTQD_L2oC&lpg=PA1528&pg=PA773&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false | Swiss Pharmaceutical Society (2000). Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory (Book with CD-ROM). Boca Raton: Medpharm Scientific Publishers. ISBN 3-88763-075-0.</ref> | |||
5-HTP is also popularly consumed by users of [[MDMA]] and other serotonin-releasing agents to try to reduce the negative [[MDMA#After_effects|after effects]] that begin during the substance's [[duration|come down]] period, including [[anxiety]], [[depression]], and [[cognitive fatigue]].<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452207006732 | Wang, X.; Baumann, M. H.; Dersch, C. M.; Rothman, R. B. (2007-08-10). "Restoration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced 5-HT depletion by the administration of l-5-hydroxytryptophan". Neuroscience. 148 (1): 212–220. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.05.024. PMID 17629409.</ref> Since 5-HTP is a precursor for the neurotransmitter [[serotonin]] and MDMA administration both depletes serotonin levels in the brain as well as inhibit the enzyme needed to produce it (i.e. tryptophan hydroxylase) for a short period after,<ref>Acute inactivation of tryptophan hydroxylase by amphetamine analogs involves the oxidation of sulfhydryl sites | http://www.maps.org/images/pdf/1989_stone_1.pdf</ref> it is believed that taking 5-HTP in the days after coming down will speed up the production of serotonin and decrease the time needed to recover (though there are many popular misconceptions and controversies as to just how effective it is for this purpose).{{Citation needed}} | 5-HTP is also popularly consumed by users of [[MDMA]] and other serotonin-releasing agents to try to reduce the negative [[MDMA#After_effects|after effects]] that begin during the substance's [[duration|come down]] period, including [[anxiety]], [[depression]], and [[cognitive fatigue]].<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452207006732 | Wang, X.; Baumann, M. H.; Dersch, C. M.; Rothman, R. B. (2007-08-10). "Restoration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced 5-HT depletion by the administration of l-5-hydroxytryptophan". Neuroscience. 148 (1): 212–220. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.05.024. PMID 17629409.</ref> Since 5-HTP is a precursor for the neurotransmitter [[serotonin]] and MDMA administration both depletes serotonin levels in the brain as well as inhibit the enzyme needed to produce it (i.e. tryptophan hydroxylase) for a short period after,<ref>Acute inactivation of tryptophan hydroxylase by amphetamine analogs involves the oxidation of sulfhydryl sites | http://www.maps.org/images/pdf/1989_stone_1.pdf</ref> it is believed that taking 5-HTP in the days after coming down will speed up the production of serotonin and decrease the time needed to recover (though there are many popular misconceptions and controversies as to just how effective it is for this purpose).{{Citation needed}} | ||