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Talk:Zaleplon: Difference between revisions

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==Zaleplon==
{{headerpanel|{{DepressantOD|GABAergics}}{{proofread}}{{Approval}}}}
{{headerpanel|{{DepressantOD|GABAergics}}{{proofread}}{{Approval}}}}
{{SummarySheet}}
{{SummarySheet}}
{{SubstanceBox
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    |MaterialTable_Title=Zaleplon
    <!-- Modules -->
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    |ModuleStructure=true
    |ModuleNomenclature=true
    |ModuleClassMembership=true
    |ModuleROA=true
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    <!-- Nomenclature -->
    |NameCommon= Sonata, Starnoc, Andante,
    |NameSubstitution= Zaleplon
    |NameSystematic= N-[3-(3-cyanopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)phenyl]-N-ethylacetamide
    <!-- Class Membership -->
    |EffectClass=[[Hypnotic]] / [[Hallucinogen]]
    |ChemicalClass=[[pyrazolopyrimidine]]
    <!-- Dosage/Duration -->
    |OralROA=true
    |OralROA_Collapsed=false
    |OralROA_Bioavailability=
    |OralROA_Threshold=[[Oral threshold dose::5]] - 10 [[Oral dose units::mg]]
    |OralROA_Light=[[Oral min light dose::10]] - [[Oral max light dose::30]] mg
    |OralROA_Common=[[Oral min common dose::30]] - [[Oral max common dose::60]] mg
    |OralROA_Strong=[[Oral min strong dose::60]] - [[Oral max strong dose::100]] mg
    |OralROA_Heavy=[[Oral heavy dose::100]] mg +
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    |OralROA_Duration=[[Oral min total time::90]] - [[Oral max total time::120]] [[Oral total time units::minutes]]
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    |OralROA_Comeup=
    |OralROA_Peak=[[Oral min peak time::30]] - [[Oral max peak time::60]] [[Oral peak time units::minutes]]
    |OralROA_Offset=[[Oral min offset time::10]] - [[Oral max offset time::20]] [[Oral offset time units::minutes]]
    |OralROA_Aftereffects=[[Oral min afterglow time::2]] - [[Oral max afterglow time::4]] [[Oral afterglow time units::hours]]
}}


'''Zaleplon''' (trade name '''Sonata''') is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug. It is of the [[psychoactive class::hypnotic]] and [[psychoactive class::depressant]] psychoactive classes and is chemically a [[chemical class::pyrazolopyrimidine]].
'''Zaleplon''' (trade name '''Sonata''') is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug. It is of the [[psychoactive class::hypnotic]] and [[psychoactive class::depressant]] psychoactive classes and is chemically a [[chemical class::pyrazolopyrimidine]].
When taken for recreational purposes, it is capable of producing powerful and bizarre atypical hallucinogenic, hypnotic, deliriant and even psychedelic effects.
When taken for recreational purposes, at doses far higher then the prescribed dose, it is capable of producing powerful and bizarre atypical hallucinogenic, hypnotic, deliriant and even psychedelic effects.


Zaleplon is a member of a family known as "Z-drugs." Other Z-drugs include zolpidem (Ambien) and zopiclone. These drugs were initially thought to be less addictive and/or habit-forming than benzodiazepines. However, this evaluation has shifted in the last few years as cases of addiction and habituation have accumulated.[citation needed]
Zaleplon is a member of a family known as "Z-drugs." Other Z-drugs include Zolpidem (Ambien) and zopiclone. These drugs were initially thought to be less addictive and/or habit-forming than benzodiazepines. However, this evaluation has shifted in the last few years as cases of addiction and habituation have accumulated.[citation needed]


Zaleplon is recommended to be taken on a short-term basis only. Daily or continuous use of the drug is not usually advised.
Zaleplon is recommended to be taken on a short-term basis only. Daily or continuous use of the drug is not usually advised.
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==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
{{chemistry}}
{{chemistry}}
Zaleplon powder is almost insoluble in water and has a low solubility in ethanol and propylene glycol, in its pure form it has an off white color.
==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
{{pharmacology}}
{{pharmacology}}
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==Subjective effects==
==Subjective effects==
{{EffectStub}}
{{EffectStub}}
{{effects/base
{{effects/physical|
|{{effects/physical|
*'''[[Nausea]]'''
*'''[[Nausea]]'''
*'''[[Appetite enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Appetite enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Dizziness]]'''
*'''[[Dizziness]]'''
*'''[[Stimulation]]''' & '''[[Sedation]]''' - Sedation is prominent during the onset but turns to stimulation once the peak is reached.
*'''[[Stimulation]]''' & '''[[Sedation]]''' - Sedation is prominent during the onset but turns to sedation once the peak is reached.
*'''[[Motor control loss]]''' - Loss of gross and fine motor control is not as prominent with Zaleplon as it is with benzodiazepines.
*'''[[Motor control loss]]''' - Loss of gross and fine motor control is not as prominent with Zaleplon as it is with benzodiazepines.
*'''[[Pupil dilation]]'''
*'''[[Pupil dilation]]'''
*'''[[Physical euphoria]]''' - This rarely occurs and usually only lasts a few instances.
*'''[[Physical Euphoria]]''' - This rarely occurs and usually only lasts a few instances.
*'''[[Temperature regulation suppression]]'''
*'''[[Temperature regulation suppression]]'''
}}
}}
{{effects/visual|
{{effects/cognitive|
====Distortions====
*'''[[Drifting]]'''
**'''[[Drifting|Breathing]]'''
**'''[[Morphing]]'''
*'''[[Optical sliding]]'''
*'''[[Color shifting]]'''
*'''[[Tracers]]
*'''[[Double vision]]'''
====Enhancements====
*'''[[Pattern recognition enhancement]]'''
====Hallucinatory states====
*'''[[Transformations]]'''
*'''[[Shadow people]]'''
*'''[[Unspeakable horrors]]'''
*'''[[Autonomous entities]]'''
*'''[[External hallucinations]]''' - Hallucinations on zaleplon are usually interactive in style and vary in beliveability.
 
}}
|{{effects/cognitive|
*'''[[Cognitive euphoria]]'''
*'''[[Cognitive euphoria]]'''
*'''[[Anxiety suppression]]'''
*'''[[Anxiety suppression]]'''
*'''[[Analysis suppression]]'''
*'''[[Analisis suppression]]'''
*'''[[Memory suppression]]'''
*'''[[Memory suppression]]'''
*'''[[Increased sense of humor]]'''
*'''[[Increased sense of humor]]'''
*'''[[Confusion]]'''
*'''[[Confusion]]'''
*'''[[Delusions|Delusions of sobriety]]''' - This effect is prominent with light to common dosages.
*'''[[Delusions of sobriety]]''' - This effect is prominent with light to common dosages.
*'''[[Delusions]]'''
*'''[[Delusions]]'''
*'''[[Disinhibition]]'''
*'''[[Disinhibition]]'''
*'''[[Thought deceleration]]'''
*'''[[Thought deceleration]]'''
*'''[[Thought disorganization]]'''
*'''[[Thought disorganization]]'''
*'''[[Time distortion]]'''
*'''[[Time compression]]'''
*'''[[Derealization]]'''
*'''[[Derealization]]'''
*'''[[Amnesia]]''' - Amnesia is present during the experience but it's not as strong as it is with benzodiazepines, this makes it more difficult to reach a blackout state.
*'''[[Amnesia]]''' - Amnesia is present during the experience but it's not as strong as it is with benzodiazepines, this makes it more difficult to reach a blackout state.
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*'''[[Suicidal ideation]]'''
*'''[[Suicidal ideation]]'''
}}
}}
{{effects/visual|
*'''[[Drifting]]'''
*'''[[Slicing]]'''
*'''[[Breathing]]'''
*'''[[Morphing]]'''
*'''[[Transformations]]'''
*'''[[Color shifting]]'''
*'''[[Pattern recognition enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Shadow people]]'''
*'''[[Tracers]]
*'''[[Double vision]]'''
*'''[[Unspeakable horrors]]'''
*'''[[Autonomous entities]]'''
*'''[[External hallucinations]]''' - Hallucinations on zaleplon are usually interactive in style and vary in beliveability.


}}
{{effects/auditory|
{{effects/auditory|
*'''[[Auditory hallucinations|Hallucinations]]'''
*'''[[Auditory hallucinations|Hallucinations]]'''
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{{effects/aftereffects|
{{effects/aftereffects|
*'''[[Sleepiness]]'''
*'''[[Sleepiness]]'''
*'''[[Anxiety|Rebound anxiety]]'''
*'''[[Anxiety]]'''


}}
}}
}}
===Experience reports===
Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]] include:
{{#ask: [[Category:Zaleplon]][[Category:Experience]]|format=ul|Columns=1}}
* [https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Experience:100mg_Zaleplon_(Oral)-Zolpidems_cousin. 100mg Zaleplon (Oral) Zolpidems cousin]
* [https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/50mg_Zaleplon_oral 50mg Zaleplon Oral]
Additional experience reports can be found here:
* [https://erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Pharms_Zaleplon.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: Zaleplon]
==Toxicity and harm potential==
==Toxicity and harm potential==
{{toxicity}}
{{toxicity}}
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It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance.
It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance.
===Lethal dosage===
===Lethal dosage===
The oral minimum lethal dosage as published by Pfizer for 'Sonata' is over 1000mg/kg in both rats and dogs.
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
Zaleplon has similar withdrawal symptoms to other non-benzodiazepines.
Zaleplon has similar withdrawal symptoms to other non-benzodiazepines.
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