Geometry: Difference between revisions

Line 1:

[[File:Switch by Sam Perkins.png|250px|thumb|right|''Switch by [https://www.flickr.com/photos/thecubb/5132746341/ Sam Perkins]'' - This image serves as an example of a single frame of typical level 4 [[psychedelic]] geometry.]]

'''Geometry''' can be described as the experience of a person's field of vision becoming partially or completely encompassed by fast-moving, colorful, and indescribably complex geometric patterns,<ref>Halberstadt, A. L. (2015). Recent advances in the neuropsychopharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens. Behavioural brain research, 277, 99-120. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.bbr.2014.07.016</ref><ref>Abraham, H. D., Mccann, U. D., & Ricaurte, G. A. (2002). Psychedelic drugs. 1548. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.623.299</ref><ref>Muthukumaraswamy, S. D., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Moran, R. J., Brookes, M. J., Williams, T. M., Errtizoe, D., ... & Feilding, A. (2013). Broadband cortical desynchronization underlies the human psychedelic state. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(38), 15171-15183. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-13.2013</ref> [[form constants]], [[phosphene]]s,<ref>Tyler, C. W. (1978). Some new entoptic phenomena. Vision Research, 18(12), 1638. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(78)90255-9</ref><ref>Young R. S. L.. Cole R. E.. Gamble M. and Rayner M. D. (1975) Subjective patterns elicited by light flicker. Vision Res. 15. 1289-1290. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(75)90177-7</ref><ref>Welpe E. (1975) Das Schachbrettmuster. ein nur binokular antegbares Flimmermuster. Vision Res. 15. 1283-1288. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(75)90175-3</ref> shapes, [[fractal]]s, and colors. These geometric forms can also become structured and organized in a manner that presents genuine information to the person experiencing them far beyond the perception of meaningless, although complex, shapes and colors. The geometric representations may feel as though they depict specific concepts and neurological processes that exist within the brain in a manner that is extremely detailed.

'''Geometry''' can be described as the experience of a person's field of vision becoming partially or completely encompassed by fast-moving, colorful, and indescribably complex geometric patterns,<ref>Halberstadt, A. L. (2015). Recent advances in the neuropsychopharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens. Behavioural brain research, 277, 99-120. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.bbr.2014.07.016</ref><ref>Abraham, H. D., Mccann, U. D., & Ricaurte, G. A. (2002). Psychedelic drugs. 1548. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.623.299</ref><ref>Muthukumaraswamy, S. D., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Moran, R. J., Brookes, M. J., Williams, T. M., Errtizoe, D., ... & Feilding, A. (2013). Broadband cortical desynchronization underlies the human psychedelic state. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(38), 15171-15183. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-13.2013</ref><ref>Abraham, H. D. (1983). Visual phenomenology of the LSD flashback. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 40(8), 885. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790070074009</ref><ref>Rosenthal SH: Persistent hallucinosis following repeated administration of hallucinogenic drugs. Am J Psychiatry 1964;121:238-244 https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.121.3.238</ref><ref>Moskowitz D: Use of haloperidol to reduce LSD flashbacks. Military

Med 1971;136:754-757. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5005344</ref><ref>Siegel RK, Jarvik ME: Drug-induced hallucinations in animals and

man, in Siegel RK, West LJ (eds): Hallucinations. New York, John Wiley &

Sons Inc, 1975, pp 81-162</ref><ref>Klüver, H. (1928). Mescal, and mechanisms of hallucinations. University of Chicago Press.</ref><ref name="2C-B">Papoutsis, I., Nikolaou, P., Stefanidou, M., Spiliopoulou, C., & Athanaselis, S. (2015). 25B-NBOMe and its precursor 2C-B: modern trends and hidden dangers. Forensic Toxicology, 33(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11419-014-0242-9</ref> [[form constants]], [[phosphene]]s,<ref>Tyler, C. W. (1978). Some new entoptic phenomena. Vision Research, 18(12), 1638. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(78)90255-9</ref><ref>Young R. S. L.. Cole R. E.. Gamble M. and Rayner M. D. (1975) Subjective patterns elicited by light flicker. Vision Res. 15. 1289-1290. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(75)90177-7</ref><ref>Welpe E. (1975) Das Schachbrettmuster. ein nur binokular antegbares Flimmermuster. Vision Res. 15. 1283-1288. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(75)90175-3</ref> shapes, [[fractal]]s, and colors. These geometric forms can also become structured and organized in a manner that presents genuine information to the person experiencing them far beyond the perception of meaningless, although complex, shapes and colors. The geometric representations may feel as though they depict specific concepts and neurological processes that exist within the brain in a manner that is extremely detailed.

Geometry is rarely motionless, generally extremely fast-moving, and self-changing in regards to its shape and style. During this process, the geometry naturally drifts laterally or radially across the visual field to create overlapping webs of geometric patterns which transition through many distinct states, all of which are visible within a single perceptual frame.

Geometry is rarely motionless, generally extremely fast-moving,<ref name="2C-B"/> and self-changing in regards to its shape and style. During this process, the geometry naturally drifts laterally or radially across the visual field to create overlapping webs of geometric patterns which transition through many distinct states, all of which are visible within a single perceptual frame.

This experience is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[internal hallucinations]], [[environmental patterning]], and [[drifting]]. It is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#common|moderate]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[psychedelic]] compounds such as [[LSD]], [[psilocybin]], and [[mescaline]].<ref name="Bressloff">Bressloff, P. C., Cowan, J. D., Golubitsky, M., Thomas, P. J., & Wiener, M. C. (2002). What geometric visual hallucinations tell us about the visual cortex. Neural computation, 14(3), 473. https://doi.org/10.1162/089976602317250861</ref> However, they can also occur to a lesser extent under the influence of [[cannabinoid|cannabinoids]], [[stimulant|stimulants]], and [[dissociative|dissociatives]] such as [[cannabis]],<ref name="Bressloff"/> [[MDMA]], and [[DXM]].

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <onlyinclude>
 [[File:Switch by Sam Perkins.png|250px|thumb|right|''Switch by [https://www.flickr.com/photos/thecubb/5132746341/ Sam Perkins]'' - This image serves as an example of a single frame of typical level 4 [[psychedelic]] geometry.]]
-'''Geometry''' can be described as the experience of a person's field of vision becoming partially or completely encompassed by fast-moving, colorful, and indescribably complex geometric patterns,<ref>Halberstadt, A. L. (2015). Recent advances in the neuropsychopharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens. Behavioural brain research, 277, 99-120. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.bbr.2014.07.016</ref><ref>Abraham, H. D., Mccann, U. D., & Ricaurte, G. A. (2002). Psychedelic drugs. 1548. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.623.299</ref><ref>Muthukumaraswamy, S. D., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Moran, R. J., Brookes, M. J., Williams, T. M., Errtizoe, D., ... & Feilding, A. (2013). Broadband cortical desynchronization underlies the human psychedelic state. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(38), 15171-15183. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-13.2013</ref> [[form constants]], [[phosphene]]s,<ref>Tyler, C. W. (1978). Some new entoptic phenomena. Vision Research, 18(12), 1638. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(78)90255-9</ref><ref>Young R. S. L.. Cole R. E.. Gamble M. and Rayner M. D. (1975) Subjective patterns elicited by light flicker. Vision Res. 15. 1289-1290. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(75)90177-7</ref><ref>Welpe E. (1975) Das Schachbrettmuster. ein nur binokular antegbares Flimmermuster. Vision Res. 15. 1283-1288. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(75)90175-3</ref> shapes, [[fractal]]s, and colors. These geometric forms can also become structured and organized in a manner that presents genuine information to the person experiencing them far beyond the perception of meaningless, although complex, shapes and colors. The geometric representations may feel as though they depict specific concepts and neurological processes that exist within the brain in a manner that is extremely detailed.
+'''Geometry''' can be described as the experience of a person's field of vision becoming partially or completely encompassed by fast-moving, colorful, and indescribably complex geometric patterns,<ref>Halberstadt, A. L. (2015). Recent advances in the neuropsychopharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens. Behavioural brain research, 277, 99-120. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.bbr.2014.07.016</ref><ref>Abraham, H. D., Mccann, U. D., & Ricaurte, G. A. (2002). Psychedelic drugs. 1548. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.623.299</ref><ref>Muthukumaraswamy, S. D., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Moran, R. J., Brookes, M. J., Williams, T. M., Errtizoe, D., ... & Feilding, A. (2013). Broadband cortical desynchronization underlies the human psychedelic state. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(38), 15171-15183. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-13.2013</ref><ref>Abraham, H. D. (1983). Visual phenomenology of the LSD flashback. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 40(8), 885. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790070074009</ref><ref>Rosenthal SH: Persistent hallucinosis following repeated administration of hallucinogenic drugs. Am J Psychiatry 1964;121:238-244 https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.121.3.238</ref><ref>Moskowitz D: Use of haloperidol to reduce LSD flashbacks. Military
+Med 1971;136:754-757. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5005344</ref><ref>Siegel RK, Jarvik ME: Drug-induced hallucinations in animals and
+man, in Siegel RK, West LJ (eds): Hallucinations. New York, John Wiley &
+Sons Inc, 1975, pp 81-162</ref><ref>Klüver, H. (1928). Mescal, and mechanisms of hallucinations. University of Chicago Press.</ref><ref name="2C-B">Papoutsis, I., Nikolaou, P., Stefanidou, M., Spiliopoulou, C., & Athanaselis, S. (2015). 25B-NBOMe and its precursor 2C-B: modern trends and hidden dangers. Forensic Toxicology, 33(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11419-014-0242-9</ref> [[form constants]], [[phosphene]]s,<ref>Tyler, C. W. (1978). Some new entoptic phenomena. Vision Research, 18(12), 1638. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(78)90255-9</ref><ref>Young R. S. L.. Cole R. E.. Gamble M. and Rayner M. D. (1975) Subjective patterns elicited by light flicker. Vision Res. 15. 1289-1290. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(75)90177-7</ref><ref>Welpe E. (1975) Das Schachbrettmuster. ein nur binokular antegbares Flimmermuster. Vision Res. 15. 1283-1288. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(75)90175-3</ref> shapes, [[fractal]]s, and colors. These geometric forms can also become structured and organized in a manner that presents genuine information to the person experiencing them far beyond the perception of meaningless, although complex, shapes and colors. The geometric representations may feel as though they depict specific concepts and neurological processes that exist within the brain in a manner that is extremely detailed.
-Geometry is rarely motionless, generally extremely fast-moving, and self-changing in regards to its shape and style. During this process, the geometry naturally drifts laterally or radially across the visual field to create overlapping webs of geometric patterns which transition through many distinct states, all of which are visible within a single perceptual frame.
+Geometry is rarely motionless, generally extremely fast-moving,<ref name="2C-B"/> and self-changing in regards to its shape and style. During this process, the geometry naturally drifts laterally or radially across the visual field to create overlapping webs of geometric patterns which transition through many distinct states, all of which are visible within a single perceptual frame.
 This experience is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[internal hallucinations]], [[environmental patterning]], and [[drifting]]. It is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#common|moderate]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[psychedelic]] compounds such as [[LSD]], [[psilocybin]], and [[mescaline]].<ref name="Bressloff">Bressloff, P. C., Cowan, J. D., Golubitsky, M., Thomas, P. J., & Wiener, M. C. (2002). What geometric visual hallucinations tell us about the visual cortex. Neural computation, 14(3), 473. https://doi.org/10.1162/089976602317250861</ref> However, they can also occur to a lesser extent under the influence of [[cannabinoid|cannabinoids]], [[stimulant|stimulants]], and [[dissociative|dissociatives]] such as [[cannabis]],<ref name="Bressloff"/> [[MDMA]], and [[DXM]].