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Cannabinoid: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Cannabis Plant.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|A flowering [[cannabis]] plant, the most common source of cannabinoids.]] | [[File:Cannabis Plant.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|A flowering [[cannabis]] plant, the most common source of cannabinoids.]] | ||
[[File:USMC-100201-M-3762C-001.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|A bag of Spice brand herbal incense. This contains [[Synthetic cannabinoid|synthetic cannabinoids]] which produce a similar effect to that of [[cannabis]].]] | [[File:USMC-100201-M-3762C-001.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|A bag of Spice brand herbal incense. This contains [[Synthetic cannabinoid|synthetic cannabinoids]] which produce a similar effect to that of [[cannabis]].]] | ||
''' | A '''cannabinoid''' is one of a class of diverse chemical compounds that act on cannabinoid receptors on cells that alter neurotransmitter functioning in the brain. These receptor proteins include the endocannabinoids (produced naturally in the body by humans and animals),<ref>The endocannabinoid system as an emerging target of pharmacotherapy (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16968947</ref> the phytocannabinoids (found in [[cannabis]] and some other plants), and [[synthetic cannabinoids]] (manufactured chemically). | ||
The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid [[∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol]] (THC), the primary psychoactive compound of cannabis.<ref>The endocannabinoid system: drug targets, lead compounds, and potential therapeutic applications (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16078824</ref><ref>Pertwee, Roger, ed. (2005). Cannabinoids. Springer-Verlag. p. 2. ISBN 3-540-22565-X.</ref> Cannabidiol (CBD) is another major constituent of the plant, representing up to 40% in extracts of the plant resin.<ref>http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/bulletin/bulletin_1962-01-01_3_page005.html</ref> There are at least 85 different cannabinoids isolated from cannabis which exhibit varied effects.<ref>http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/bulletin/bulletin_1962-01-01_3_page005.html</ref> | |||
Synthetic cannabinoids encompass a variety of distinct chemical classes: the classical cannabinoids structurally related to [[THC]]; the nonclassical cannabinoids (cannabimimetics) including the aminoalkylindoles, 1,5-diarylpyrazoles, quinolines, and arylsulphonamides; and eicosanoids related to the endocannabinoids.<ref>The endocannabinoid system: drug targets, lead compounds, and potential therapeutic applications (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16078824</ref><ref>Pertwee, Roger, ed. (2005). Cannabinoids. Springer-Verlag. p. 2. ISBN 3-540-22565-X.</ref> | Synthetic cannabinoids encompass a variety of distinct chemical classes: the classical cannabinoids structurally related to [[THC]]; the nonclassical cannabinoids (cannabimimetics) including the aminoalkylindoles, 1,5-diarylpyrazoles, quinolines, and arylsulphonamides; and eicosanoids related to the endocannabinoids.<ref>The endocannabinoid system: drug targets, lead compounds, and potential therapeutic applications (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16078824</ref><ref>Pertwee, Roger, ed. (2005). Cannabinoids. Springer-Verlag. p. 2. ISBN 3-540-22565-X.</ref> | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | |||