25I-NBOMe: Difference between revisions

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The name 25I-NBOMe, which short-hand for 2C-I-NBOMe, is a derivative of the phenethylamine psychedelic [[2C-I]]. It first synthesized and documented in 2003 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin,<ref name="Ralf Heim PhD. (2010-02-28)">Ralf Heim PhD. (2010-02-28) "Synthese und Pharmakologie potenter 5-HT2A-Rezeptoragonisten mit N-2-Methoxybenzyl-Partialstruktur. Entwicklung eines neuen Struktur-Wirkungskonzepts." | http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/receive/FUDISS_thesis_000000001221 (in German). diss.fu-berlin.de. Retrieved 2013-05-10.</ref> and subsequently investigated by a team at Purdue University led by [[David E. Nichols|David Nichols]].<ref name="Michael Robert Braden PhD. (2007)">Michael Robert Braden PhD. (2007). "Towards a biophysical understanding of hallucinogen action." | http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?Ver=1&Exp=01-23-2014&FMT=7&DID=1417800971&RQT=309&attempt=1&cfc=1 Purdue University. Retrieved 2012-08-08.</ref> It has been studied in its 11C radiolabelled form as a potential ligand for mapping the distribution of 5-HT2A receptors in the brain, using positron emission tomography (PET).<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21174090</ref><ref>http://bitnest.ca/external.php?id=%2518%253A3%25172%251BE%2524K%255BG%2521%2524%257D%2504%2504V</ref>

It is worth noting that compounds of the [[25x-NBOMe|NBOMe]] family are not [[orally]] active and should be administered [[sublingual|sublingually]] by placing and holding it into one's mouth and allowing it to absorb over a period of 15-25 minutes. 25I-NBOMe can also be vaporized and inhaled; this is known to cause significantly more rapid and powerful effects and a shorter duration. However, this route of administration is highly advised against due to the difficulties of measuring and handling substances that are both active in the microgram range as well as having a low [[therapeutic index]].

It is worth noting that compounds of the [[25x-NBOMe|NBOMe]] family are not [[orally]] active and should be administered [[sublingual|sublingually]] by placing and holding it into one's mouth and allowing it to absorb over a period of 15-25 minutes.

~~This substance~~ had no history of human use before being sold online as a [[designer drug]] in 2010.{{citation needed}}

Extremely little is known about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 25I-NBOMe in humans. It has had no history of human use before being sold online as a [[designer drug]] in 2010.{{citation needed}} and has been associated with many deaths and hospitalizations. Along with its highly sensitive dose-response and unpredictable effects, many reports also suggest that this substance may be overly difficult to use safely.

~~Extremely little is known about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 25I-NBOMe in humans,~~ and it has been associated with many deaths and hospitalizations. Along with its highly sensitive dose-response and unpredictable effects, many reports also suggest that this substance may be overly difficult to use safely. Therefore it is highly advised to approach this poorly understood [[psychedelic]] substance with the proper amount of precaution and [[Responsible drug use#Hallucinogens|harm reduction practices]] if choosing to use it.

==Chemistry==

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 The name 25I-NBOMe, which short-hand for 2C-I-NBOMe, is a derivative of the phenethylamine psychedelic [[2C-I]]. It first synthesized and documented in 2003 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin,<ref name="Ralf Heim PhD. (2010-02-28)">Ralf Heim PhD. (2010-02-28) "Synthese und Pharmakologie potenter 5-HT2A-Rezeptoragonisten mit N-2-Methoxybenzyl-Partialstruktur. Entwicklung eines neuen Struktur-Wirkungskonzepts." | http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/receive/FUDISS_thesis_000000001221 (in German). diss.fu-berlin.de. Retrieved 2013-05-10.</ref> and subsequently investigated by a team at Purdue University led by [[David E. Nichols|David Nichols]].<ref name="Michael Robert Braden PhD. (2007)">Michael Robert Braden PhD. (2007). "Towards a biophysical understanding of hallucinogen action." | http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?Ver=1&Exp=01-23-2014&FMT=7&DID=1417800971&RQT=309&attempt=1&cfc=1 Purdue University. Retrieved 2012-08-08.</ref> It has been studied in its 11C radiolabelled form as a potential ligand for mapping the distribution of 5-HT2A receptors in the brain, using positron emission tomography (PET).<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21174090</ref><ref>http://bitnest.ca/external.php?id=%2518%253A3%25172%251BE%2524K%255BG%2521%2524%257D%2504%2504V</ref>
-It is worth noting that compounds of the [[25x-NBOMe|NBOMe]] family are not [[orally]] active and should be administered [[sublingual|sublingually]] by placing and holding it into one's mouth and allowing it to absorb over a period of 15-25 minutes. 25I-NBOMe can also be vaporized and inhaled; this is known to cause significantly more rapid and powerful effects and a shorter duration. However, this route of administration is highly advised against due to the difficulties of measuring and handling substances that are both active in the microgram range as well as having a low [[therapeutic index]].
+It is worth noting that compounds of the [[25x-NBOMe|NBOMe]] family are not [[orally]] active and should be administered [[sublingual|sublingually]] by placing and holding it into one's mouth and allowing it to absorb over a period of 15-25 minutes.
-This substance had no history of human use before being sold online as a [[designer drug]] in 2010.{{citation needed}}
+Extremely little is known about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 25I-NBOMe in humans. It has had no history of human use before being sold online as a [[designer drug]] in 2010.{{citation needed}} and has been associated with many deaths and hospitalizations. Along with its highly sensitive dose-response and unpredictable effects, many reports also suggest that this substance may be overly difficult to use safely.
-Extremely little is known about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 25I-NBOMe in humans, and it has been associated with many deaths and hospitalizations. Along with its highly sensitive dose-response and unpredictable effects, many reports also suggest that this substance may be overly difficult to use safely. Therefore it is highly advised to approach this poorly understood [[psychedelic]] substance with the proper amount of precaution and [[Responsible drug use#Hallucinogens|harm reduction practices]] if choosing to use it.
 ==Chemistry==