Dihydrocodeine: Difference between revisions

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Dihydrocodeine is also known as ''Drocode, Paracodeine and Parzone.'' Its many brand names include ''Synalgos DC, Panlor DC, Panlor SS, Contugesic, New Bron Solution-ACE, Huscode, Drocode, Paracodin, Codidol, Dehace, Didor Continus, Dicogesic, Codhydrine, Dekacodin, DH-Codeine, Didrate, Dihydrin, Hydrocodin, Makatussin, Nadeine, Novicodin, Rapacodin, Fortuss, Paramol, Remedeine, Dico and DF-118''.

Dihydrocodeine is available as tablets, solutions, elixirs, and other oral forms. In some countries, the ~~substance~~ is available as an injectable solution for deep subcutaneous and intra-muscular administration. As with codeine, intravenous administration should be avoided as it could result in anaphylaxis and dangerous pulmonary edema. Dihydrocodeine is available in suppository form on prescription.

Dihydrocodeine is available as tablets, solutions, elixirs, and other oral forms. In some countries, the drug is available as an injectable solution for deep subcutaneous and intra-muscular administration. As with codeine, intravenous administration should be avoided as it could result in anaphylaxis and dangerous pulmonary edema. Dihydrocodeine is available in suppository form on prescription.

Dihydrocodeine is used as an alternative or adjunct to [[codeine]] and is similar in chemical structure. Depending on individual metabolism, dihydrocodeine is 100 to 150 percent as strong as codeine.

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Dihydrocodeine has a [[Toxicity::low toxicity]] relative to dose. As with all opiates, long-term effects can vary but can include diminished libido, apathy and memory loss. Some people may also have an allergic reaction to dihydrocodeine, such as the swelling of skin and rashes. It is also [[Toxicity::potentially [[respiratory depression|lethal]] when mixed with [[depressants]] like [[alcohol]] or [[benzodiazepines]]]].

It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible ~~substance~~ use|harm reduction practices]] when using this drug.

It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this drug.

===Tolerance and addiction potential===

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Tolerance to many of the effects of dihydrocodeine [[Time to full tolerance::develops with prolonged and repeated use]]. The rate at which this occurs develops at different rates for different effects, with tolerance to the constipation-inducing effects developing particularly slowly for instance. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Dihydrocodeine presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all other [[opioids]]]], meaning that after the consumption of dihydrocodeine all [[opioid]]s will have a reduced effect.

===Dangerous interactions===

Although many ~~substances~~ are safe on their own, they can become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with other substances. The list below contains some common potentially dangerous combinations, but may not include all of them. Certain combinations may be safe in low doses of each but still increase the potential risk of death. [https://www.google.com/ Independent research] should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.

Although many drugs are safe on their own, they can become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with other substances. The list below contains some common potentially dangerous combinations, but may not include all of them. Certain combinations may be safe in low doses of each but still increase the potential risk of death. [https://www.google.com/ Independent research] should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.

*'''[[Depressants]]''' (''[[1,4-Butanediol]], [[2m2b]], [[alcohol]], [[barbiturates]], [[benzodiazepines]], [[GHB]]/[[GBL]], [[methaqualone]]'') - This combination can result in dangerous or even fatal levels of [[respiratory depression]]. These substances potentiate the [[muscle relaxation]], [[sedation]] and [[amnesia]] caused by one another and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. There is also an increased risk of vomiting during unconsciousness and death from the resulting suffocation. If this occurs, users should attempt to fall asleep in the [[recovery position]] or have a friend move them into it.

*'''[[Dissociatives]]''' - This combination can result in an increased risk of vomiting during unconsciousness and death from the resulting suffocation. If this occurs, users should attempt to fall asleep in the [[recovery position]] or have a friend move them into it.

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 Dihydrocodeine is also known as ''Drocode, Paracodeine and Parzone.'' Its many brand names include ''Synalgos DC, Panlor DC, Panlor SS, Contugesic, New Bron Solution-ACE, Huscode, Drocode, Paracodin, Codidol, Dehace, Didor Continus, Dicogesic, Codhydrine, Dekacodin, DH-Codeine, Didrate, Dihydrin, Hydrocodin, Makatussin, Nadeine, Novicodin, Rapacodin, Fortuss, Paramol, Remedeine, Dico and DF-118''.
-Dihydrocodeine is available as tablets, solutions, elixirs, and other oral forms. In some countries, the substance is available as an injectable solution for deep subcutaneous and intra-muscular administration. As with codeine, intravenous administration should be avoided as it could result in anaphylaxis and dangerous pulmonary edema. Dihydrocodeine is available in suppository form on prescription.
+Dihydrocodeine is available as tablets, solutions, elixirs, and other oral forms. In some countries, the drug is available as an injectable solution for deep subcutaneous and intra-muscular administration. As with codeine, intravenous administration should be avoided as it could result in anaphylaxis and dangerous pulmonary edema. Dihydrocodeine is available in suppository form on prescription.
 Dihydrocodeine is used as an alternative or adjunct to [[codeine]] and is similar in chemical structure. Depending on individual metabolism, dihydrocodeine is 100 to 150 percent as strong as codeine.
@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
 Dihydrocodeine has a [[Toxicity::low toxicity]] relative to dose. As with all opiates, long-term effects can vary but can include diminished libido, apathy and memory loss. Some people may also have an allergic reaction to dihydrocodeine, such as the swelling of skin and rashes. It is also [[Toxicity::potentially [[respiratory depression|lethal]] when mixed with [[depressants]] like [[alcohol]] or [[benzodiazepines]]]].
-It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible substance use|harm reduction practices]] when using this drug.
+It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this drug.
 ===Tolerance and addiction potential===
@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 Tolerance to many of the effects of dihydrocodeine [[Time to full tolerance::develops with prolonged and repeated use]]. The rate at which this occurs develops at different rates for different effects, with tolerance to the constipation-inducing effects developing particularly slowly for instance. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). Dihydrocodeine presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all other [[opioids]]]], meaning that after the consumption of dihydrocodeine all [[opioid]]s will have a reduced effect.
 ===Dangerous interactions===
-Although many substances are safe on their own, they can become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with other substances. The list below contains some common potentially dangerous combinations, but may not include all of them. Certain combinations may be safe in low doses of each but still increase the potential risk of death. [https://www.google.com/ Independent research] should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.
+Although many drugs are safe on their own, they can become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with other substances. The list below contains some common potentially dangerous combinations, but may not include all of them. Certain combinations may be safe in low doses of each but still increase the potential risk of death. [https://www.google.com/ Independent research] should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.
 *'''[[Depressants]]''' (''[[1,4-Butanediol]], [[2m2b]], [[alcohol]], [[barbiturates]], [[benzodiazepines]], [[GHB]]/[[GBL]], [[methaqualone]]'') - This combination can result in dangerous or even fatal levels of [[respiratory depression]]. These substances potentiate the [[muscle relaxation]], [[sedation]] and [[amnesia]] caused by one another and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. There is also an increased risk of vomiting during unconsciousness and death from the resulting suffocation. If this occurs, users should attempt to fall asleep in the [[recovery position]] or have a friend move them into it.
 *'''[[Dissociatives]]''' - This combination can result in an increased risk of vomiting during unconsciousness and death from the resulting suffocation. If this occurs, users should attempt to fall asleep in the [[recovery position]] or have a friend move them into it.