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Dihydrocodeine: Difference between revisions
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{{SubstanceBox/Dihydrocodeine}} | {{SubstanceBox/Dihydrocodeine}} | ||
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'''Dihydrocodeine''' is a semi-synthetic [[opioid]] [[analgesic]] prescribed for pain, severe shortness of breath, or as an [[antitussive]] | '''Dihydrocodeine''' is a semi-synthetic [[opioid]] [[analgesic]] prescribed for pain, severe shortness of breath, or as an [[antitussive]] (either alone or compounded with paracetamol or aspirin). It was developed in Germany in 1908 and first marketed in 1911.<ref>http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qoyYobgX0uwC&pg=PA404&lpg=PA404&dq=dihydrocodeine+1908+1911&source=bl&ots=Y7ALb1Yqjo&sig=FIkb3K4UwiXhn8LeO2EzXgxOGQk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-mq9UsT5J4a10QXT0ID4CQ&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=dihydrocodeine%201908%201911&f=false</ref> | ||
Dihydrocodeine is also known as ''Drocode, Paracodeine and Parzone. Its many brand names include Synalgos DC, Panlor DC, Panlor SS, Contugesic, New Bron Solution-ACE, Huscode, Drocode, Paracodin, Codidol, Dehace, Didor Continus, Dicogesic, Codhydrine, Dekacodin, DH-Codeine, Didrate, Dihydrin, Hydrocodin, Nadeine, Novicodin, Rapacodin, Fortuss, Paramol, Remedeine, Dico and DF-118''. | Dihydrocodeine is also known as ''Drocode, Paracodeine and Parzone.'' Its many brand names include ''Synalgos DC, Panlor DC, Panlor SS, Contugesic, New Bron Solution-ACE, Huscode, Drocode, Paracodin, Codidol, Dehace, Didor Continus, Dicogesic, Codhydrine, Dekacodin, DH-Codeine, Didrate, Dihydrin, Hydrocodin, Nadeine, Novicodin, Rapacodin, Fortuss, Paramol, Remedeine, Dico and DF-118''. | ||
Dihydrocodeine is available as tablets, solutions, elixirs, and other oral forms. In some countries, the drug is available as an injectable solution for deep subcutaneous and intra-muscular administration. As with codeine, intravenous administration should be avoided as it could result in anaphylaxis and dangerous pulmonary edema. Dihydrocodeine is available in suppository form on prescription. | Dihydrocodeine is available as tablets, solutions, elixirs, and other oral forms. In some countries, the drug is available as an injectable solution for deep subcutaneous and intra-muscular administration. As with codeine, intravenous administration should be avoided as it could result in anaphylaxis and dangerous pulmonary edema. Dihydrocodeine is available in suppository form on prescription. | ||
Dihydrocodeine is used as an alternative or adjunct to [[codeine]] and is similar in chemical structure. Depending on individual metabolism, dihydrocodeine is 100 to 150 percent as strong as codeine. Although dihydrocodeine does have extremely active metabolites | Dihydrocodeine is used as an alternative or adjunct to [[codeine]] and is similar in chemical structure. Depending on individual metabolism, dihydrocodeine is 100 to 150 percent as strong as codeine. Although dihydrocodeine does have extremely active metabolites in the form of dihydromorphine and dihydromorphine-6-glucuronide (one hundred times more potent), these metabolites are produced in such a small amount that they do not have clinically important effects.<ref>The role of active metabolites in dihydrocodeine effects | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12665158</ref> | ||
Dihydrocodeine is also the original member and chemical base of a number of similar semi-synthetic opiates such as [[acetyldihydrocodeine]], [[dihydrocodeine enol acetate]], [[dihydroisocodeine]], [[nicocodeine]], and [[nicodicodeine]]. | Dihydrocodeine is also the original member and chemical base of a number of similar semi-synthetic opiates such as [[acetyldihydrocodeine]], [[dihydrocodeine enol acetate]], [[dihydroisocodeine]], [[nicocodeine]], and [[nicodicodeine]]. | ||