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Methamphetamine: Difference between revisions
>David Hedlund *'''Effect::Neurotoxicity''' -- from long-term use. |
>Nutmeg enjoyer 11 I added {{citation needed}} for some claims about methamphetamine acting as serotonin releasing agent and reuptake inhibitor. No citations are provided for such claims, so i added {{citation needed}}. |
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==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
Methamphetamine primarily affects the central nervous system (CNS) by acting as a [[releasing agent]] for [[neurotransmitters]] such as [[dopamine]], [[norepinephrine]], and [[serotonin]]. It also acts as a [[reuptake inhibitor]], increasing levels of monoamines by forcing the neurotransmitters out of their storage vesicles and expelling them into the synaptic gap by making the dopamine transporters work in reverse.<ref>Canadian Institutes of Health Research. How Drugs Affect Neurotransmitters. Web 2007. Available from: URL: http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/i/i_03/i_03_m/i_03_m_par/i_03_m_par_cocaine.html#drogues</ref> Other mechanisms by which methamphetamine are known to increase monoamine levels are by: | Methamphetamine primarily affects the central nervous system (CNS) by acting as a [[releasing agent]] for [[neurotransmitters]] such as [[dopamine]], [[norepinephrine]], and [[serotonin]] {{citation needed}}. It also acts as a [[reuptake inhibitor]], increasing levels of monoamines by forcing the neurotransmitters out of their storage vesicles and expelling them into the synaptic gap by making the dopamine transporters work in reverse.<ref>Canadian Institutes of Health Research. How Drugs Affect Neurotransmitters. Web 2007. Available from: URL: http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/i/i_03/i_03_m/i_03_m_par/i_03_m_par_cocaine.html#drogues</ref> Other mechanisms by which methamphetamine are known to increase monoamine levels are by: | ||
*Blocking the reuptake of [[monoamines]] (i.e. [[norepinephrine]], [[dopamine]], and [[serotonin]]) by inhibiting the activity of their transporters, allowing them to accumulate in the [[synaptic cleft]] between neurons in various brain regions. | *Blocking the reuptake of [[monoamines]] (i.e. [[norepinephrine]], [[dopamine]], and [[serotonin]]) by inhibiting the activity of their transporters, allowing them to accumulate in the [[synaptic cleft]] between neurons in various brain regions {{citation needed}}. | ||
*Decreasing the expression of dopamine transporters at the cell surface, which has the same effect as listed above. | *Decreasing the expression of dopamine transporters at the cell surface, which has the same effect as listed above. | ||
*Increasing cytosolic levels of monoamines by inhibiting the activity of [[MAOI|monoamine oxidase]] (MAO) | *Increasing cytosolic levels of monoamines by inhibiting the activity of [[MAOI|monoamine oxidase]] (MAO) | ||