3-FPM: Difference between revisions

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'''3-Fluorophenmetrazine''' (also known as '''3F-Phenmetrazine''', '''PAL-593''', and '''3-FPM''') is a novel [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[Chemical class::phenylmorpholine]] class. 3-FPM is a derivative of [[phenmetrazine]], a once-popular stimulant substance that was clinically used as an anorectic in Europe in the 1950s.<ref>Kalant, Oriana Josseau (1966). The Amphetamines: Toxicity and Addiction. ISBN 0-398-02511-8.</ref> It produces its activity by increasing the levels of [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.

The synthesis and pharmacology of 3-FPM was first reported in a patent filed in 2011.<ref>Blough, B. E., Rothman, R., Landavazo, A., Page, K. M., & Decker, A. M. (2017). U.S. Patent No. 9,617,229. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.</ref> Reports of human use first surfaced in early 2015 after it appeared for sale on the online [[research chemical]] market.

~~User reports indicate that 3-FPM produces classical stimulant effects comparable to those of amphetamine. Common~~ effects include [[stimulation]], [[focus enhancement|enhanced focus]] and [[motivation enhancement|motivation]], [[thought acceleration]], and [[euphoria]]. Many reports describe 3-FPM as having a relatively subtle and controlled stimulant effect which produces less nervousness, insomnia and euphoria than other stimulants, which makes it suitable as a study-aid or productivity-enhancer.

[[Subjective effects]] include [[stimulation]], [[focus enhancement|enhanced focus]] and [[motivation enhancement|motivation]], [[thought acceleration]], and [[euphoria]]. Users commonly report that 3-FPM produces classical stimulant effects comparable to those of amphetamine. Many reports describe 3-FPM as having a relatively subtle and controlled stimulant effect which produces less nervousness, insomnia and euphoria than other stimulants, which makes it suitable as a study-aid or productivity-enhancer.

Very little data exists ~~in medical literature~~ about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 3-FPM. Due to the lack of information on its properties, it is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance.

Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 3-FPM. Due to the lack of information on its properties, it is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance.

==Chemistry==

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==Subjective effects==

According to anecdotal reports, 3-FPM is considered to be more subtle in its effects when compared to other stimulants and produces less [[anxiety|nervousness]], [[euphoria]], and [[wakefulness|insomnia]] than substances of the [[substituted amphetamine]] class, leading to its adoption as a study and productivity-enhancing drug as opposed to the more typical recreational stimulant with pronounced [[euphoric]] properties.

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 {{SummarySheet}}
 {{SubstanceBox/3-FPM}}
 '''3-Fluorophenmetrazine''' (also known as '''3F-Phenmetrazine''', '''PAL-593''', and '''3-FPM''') is a novel [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the [[Chemical class::phenylmorpholine]] class. 3-FPM is a derivative of [[phenmetrazine]], a once-popular stimulant substance that was clinically used as an anorectic in Europe in the 1950s.<ref>Kalant, Oriana Josseau (1966). The Amphetamines: Toxicity and Addiction. ISBN 0-398-02511-8.</ref> It produces its activity by increasing the levels of [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain.
 The synthesis and pharmacology of 3-FPM was first reported in a patent filed in 2011.<ref>Blough, B. E., Rothman, R., Landavazo, A., Page, K. M., & Decker, A. M. (2017). U.S. Patent No. 9,617,229. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.</ref> Reports of human use first surfaced in early 2015 after it appeared for sale on the online [[research chemical]] market.
-User reports indicate that 3-FPM produces classical stimulant effects comparable to those of amphetamine. Common effects include [[stimulation]], [[focus enhancement|enhanced focus]] and [[motivation enhancement|motivation]], [[thought acceleration]], and [[euphoria]]. Many reports describe 3-FPM as having a relatively subtle and controlled stimulant effect which produces less nervousness, insomnia and euphoria than other stimulants, which makes it suitable as a study-aid or productivity-enhancer.
+[[Subjective effects]] include [[stimulation]], [[focus enhancement|enhanced focus]] and [[motivation enhancement|motivation]], [[thought acceleration]], and [[euphoria]]. Users commonly report that 3-FPM produces classical stimulant effects comparable to those of amphetamine. Many reports describe 3-FPM as having a relatively subtle and controlled stimulant effect which produces less nervousness, insomnia and euphoria than other stimulants, which makes it suitable as a study-aid or productivity-enhancer.
-Very little data exists in medical literature about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 3-FPM.  Due to the lack of information on its properties, it is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance.
+Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of 3-FPM.  Due to the lack of information on its properties, it is highly advised to use [[harm reduction practices]] if using this substance.
 ==Chemistry==
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 ==Subjective effects==
-{{Stub}}
+{{EffectStub}}
 According to anecdotal reports, 3-FPM is considered to be more subtle in its effects when compared to other stimulants and produces less [[anxiety|nervousness]], [[euphoria]], and [[wakefulness|insomnia]] than substances of the [[substituted amphetamine]] class, leading to its adoption as a study and productivity-enhancing drug as opposed to the more typical recreational stimulant with pronounced [[euphoric]] properties.