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Melatonin: Difference between revisions
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'''N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine''' (also known as '''melatonin'''<ref>Melatonin | http://www.sleepdex.org/melatonin.htm</ref>) is a hormone of the [[chemical class::tryptamine]] class. It is found in animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. In animals, it functions as a hormone that anticipates the daily onset of darkness;<ref>Melatonin. | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16219483</ref> it may have different functions in other organisms. | '''N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine''' (also known as '''melatonin'''<ref>Melatonin | http://www.sleepdex.org/melatonin.htm</ref>) is a hormone of the [[chemical class::tryptamine]] class. It is found in animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. In animals, it functions as a hormone that anticipates the daily onset of darkness;<ref>Melatonin. | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16219483</ref> it may have different functions in other organisms. | ||
Melatonin is active and can be taken [[ | Melatonin is active and can be taken [[sublingually]] and [[buccaly]] by placing it into one's mouth and allowing it to absorb over a period of 15-25 minutes. It is less active when taken [[orally]]. | ||
Melatonin is commonly used as a medication for insomnia; however, there is insufficient scientific evidence to prove any benefit in this area.<ref>Management of Insomnia Disorder [Internet]. | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26844312</ref> It is sold over-the-counter in most pharmacies within the United States and Canada. In other countries, it may require a prescription or not be available. | Melatonin is commonly used as a medication for insomnia; however, there is insufficient scientific evidence to prove any benefit in this area.<ref>Management of Insomnia Disorder [Internet]. | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26844312</ref> It is sold over-the-counter in most pharmacies within the United States and Canada. In other countries, it may require a prescription or not be available. | ||
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*'''[[Effect::Sedation]]''' - Melatonin does not produce sedation in the manner of central nervous depressants like [[alcohol]], [[benzodiazepines]], or [[zolpidem]]. | *'''[[Effect::Sedation]]''' - Melatonin does not produce sedation in the manner of central nervous depressants like [[alcohol]], [[benzodiazepines]], or [[zolpidem]]. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Muscle relaxation]]'''<ref>Melatonin, a potential therapeutic agent for smooth muscle related pathological conditions and aging (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20939818</ref><ref>Melatonin mediates two distinct responses in vascular smooth muscle (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20939818</ref> - In comparison to other compounds, such as [[benzodiazepines]], this effect is very mild and only present at heavy dosages. | *'''[[Effect::Muscle relaxation]]'''<ref>Melatonin, a potential therapeutic agent for smooth muscle related pathological conditions and aging (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20939818</ref><ref>Melatonin mediates two distinct responses in vascular smooth muscle (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20939818</ref> - In comparison to other compounds, such as [[benzodiazepines]], this effect is very mild and only present at heavy dosages. | ||
**'''[[Physical euphoria]]''' - This effect can occur alongside [[Muscle relaxation]], and is only present at heavy dosages when the user resists the urge to sleep. | **'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria]]''' - This effect can occur alongside [[Muscle relaxation]], and is only present at heavy dosages when the user resists the urge to sleep. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Decreased libido]]''' - This effect can be caused by the [[Sedation]] or by the fact that melatonin can inhibit secretion of hormones that control sexual functions.{{citation needed}} | *'''[[Effect::Decreased libido]]''' - This effect can be caused by the [[Sedation]] or by the fact that melatonin can inhibit secretion of hormones that control sexual functions.{{citation needed}} | ||
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