Mephedrone: Difference between revisions

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==Legal issues==
==Legal issues==
*'''European Union (EU):''' In October 2010, a European Union commission called for an EU-wide ban of mephedrone.<ref>http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-10-1355_en.htm?locale=en</ref>
*'''European Union''': In October 2010, the European Commission called for an EU-wide ban of mephedrone.<ref>http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-10-1355_en.htm?locale=en</ref>
*'''Australia:''' Mephedrone has been added to the Australian federal drug watch list and is now considered illegal if intended for human consumption.  
*'''Australia''': Mephedrone has been added to the Australian federal drug watch list and is now considered illegal if intended for human consumption.{{citation needed}}
*'''Austria:''' Mephedrone is illegal to possess, produce and sell under the SMG (Suchtmittelgesetz Österreich).
*'''Austria''': Mephedrone is illegal to possess, produce and sell under the SMG (Suchtmittelgesetz Österreich) as of August 21, 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.diepresse.com/589205/mode-droge-mephedron-in-osterreich-verboten|title=Mode-Droge Mephedron in Österreich verboten|publisher=Die Presse|date=August 22, 2010|access-date=December 27, 2019|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Belgium:''' Mephedrone was banned on April 29, 2010, by making it a regulated drug requiring the approval of the Ministry of Human Health to import, sell, or possess.
*'''Belgium''': Mephedrone was banned on April 29, 2010, by making it a regulated drug requiring the approval of the Ministry of Human Health to import, sell, or possess.{{citation needed}}
*'''Brazil:''' Mephedrone was added to the list of Scheduled drugs (class F2), making it illegal to possess, sell, or manufacture without a license as of August 2011.<ref>http://www.anvisa.gov.br/hotsite/talidomida/legis/RDC_36_2011.pdf</ref>
*'''Brazil''': Mephedrone was added to the list of Scheduled drugs (class F2), making it illegal to possess, sell, or manufacture without a license as of August 2011.<ref>http://www.anvisa.gov.br/hotsite/talidomida/legis/RDC_36_2011.pdf</ref>
*'''China:''' Mephedrone was made a Category I psychotropic substance, making it illegal to sell, buy, import, export, and manufacture as of September 2010.
*'''China''': Mephedrone is a Category I psychotropic substance as of September 1, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eng.sfda.gov.cn/cmsweb/webportal/W43879541/A64031541.html |title=Mephedrone regulated as psychotropic substances |publisher=State Food and Drug Administration|access-date=December 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815082133/http://eng.sfda.gov.cn/cmsweb/webportal/W43879541/A64031541.html |archive-date=15 August 2010}}</ref> It is illegal to sell, buy, import, export, and manufacture it.
*'''Denmark:''' Denmark's Minister for Health and Prevention Jakob Axel Nielsen banned mephedrone, flephedrone and ethylcathinone on December 18, 2008. As of July 1, 2012, Denmark also created a type of analogue law that would include cathinones like mephedrone<ref>https://www.retsinformation.dk/forms/R0710.aspx?id=140430</ref>
*'''Croatia''': Mephedrone is a controlled substance as of January 12, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2010_01_2_12.html|title=Dopuna popisa opojnih droga, psihotropnih tvari i biljaka iz kojih se može dobiti opojna droga te tvari koje se mogu uporabiti za izradu opojnih droga|publisher=Croatian Ministry of Health and Social Welfare|language=hr|access-date=December 27, 2019}}</ref>
*'''Finland:''' Through the Medicines Act, mephedrone is classified as a "medicinal product", making it illegal to manufacture, import, possess, sell, or transfer it without a prescription.
*'''Denmark''': Denmark's Minister for Health and Prevention Jakob Axel Nielsen banned mephedrone, flephedrone and ethylcathinone on December 18, 2008. As of July 1, 2012, Denmark also created a type of analogue law that would include cathinones like mephedrone<ref>https://www.retsinformation.dk/forms/R0710.aspx?id=140430</ref>
*'''France:''' French Ministry of Health decided in early June 2010 to add mephedrone to the list of illicit substances in the "Journal Officiel du 11 juin 2010".<ref>http://www.sante-sports.gouv.fr/la-mephedrone-classee-comme-stupefiant.html</ref>
*'''Estonia''': Mephedrone is a controlled substance as of November 2009.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Estonian Ministry of Social Affairs |url=http://www.estlex.ee/tasuta/?id=8&aktid=118262&fd=1&asutus=&grupp=3&leht=2 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5suaZrvK9?url=http://www.estlex.ee/tasuta/?id=8&aktid=118262&fd=1&asutus=&grupp=3&leht=2|archive-date=September 21, 2010|title=Sotsiaalministri 27.11.2009 määrus number 87 |access-date=December 27, 2019|language=et}}</ref>
*'''Germany:''' Mephedrone was added to BtMG Anlage I, making it illegal to manufacture, import, possess, sell, or transfer it without a license as of January 22, 2010.<ref>http://www.buzer.de/gesetz/9164/index.htm</ref>
*'''Finland''': Through the Medicines Act, mephedrone is classified as a "medicinal product", making it illegal to manufacture, import, possess, sell, or transfer it without a prescription.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.city.fi/artikkeli/Rapujuhlat+saaristossa+/2783/ |author=Juha Matias Lehtonen|title=Rapujuhlat saaristossa|language=fi|publisher=City Magazine|date= September 5, 2008|access-date=December 27, 2019}}</ref>
*'''Israel:''' In December 2007, mephedrone was added to Israel's list of controlled substances, making it illegal to buy, sell, or possess.<ref>http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=181254</ref>
*'''France''': French Ministry of Health decided in early June 2010 to add mephedrone to the list of illicit substances in the "Journal Officiel du 11 juin 2010".<ref>http://www.sante-sports.gouv.fr/la-mephedrone-classee-comme-stupefiant.html</ref>
*'''Netherlands:''' In March, 2010, the Dutch Ministry of Health and the Medicines Authority IGZ informed the Ministry of Justice that they now consider mephedrone an unregulated medicine; sales and distribution of it are now prohibited.
*'''Germany''': Mephedrone is controlled under Anlage I BtMG (''Narcotics Act, Schedule I'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_i.html|title=Anlage I BtMG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref> as of January 22, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl109s3944.pdf|title=Vierundzwanzigste Verordnung zur Änderung betäubungsmittelrechtlicher Vorschriften|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|access-date=December 27, 2019|language=de}}</ref> It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/__29.html|title=§ 29 BtMG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Norway:''' The "Derivatbestemmelsen" is an Analog Act-type law in Norway that controls mephedrone, [[Bk-MBDB]], [[Bromo-Dragonfly]], [[1,4butanediol]], [[GBL]], and [[MBDB]].<ref>legemiddelverket.no</ref>
*'''Guernsey''': Mephedrone is a Class B controlled substance as of April 16, 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/guernsey/8618651.stm |title=Guernsey makes Mephedrone class B drug|publisher=BBC News |date=April 13, 2010|access-date=December 27, 2019}}</ref>
*'''Poland:''' On August 25, 2010, mephedrone was added to the list of controlled "psychotropic drugs" in the I-P group.<ref>http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet?id=WDU20101430962</ref>
*'''Hungary''': Mephedrone is a List 1 controlled substance as of January 1, 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kozlonyok.hu/nkonline/MKPDF/hiteles/MK10190.pdf|title=MAGYAR  KÖZLÖNY: A MAGYAR KÖZTÁRSASÁG HIVATALOS LAPJA|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=hu}}</ref>
*'''Romania:''' Mephedrone was added to Romania's list of controlled substances in February 2010.<ref>http://salviadivinorum.ro/noile-substante-intezise/</ref>
*'''Isle of Man''': It is illegal to import or sell mephedrone since February 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/Now-illegal-to-import-drug.6103144.jp|title=Now illegal to import drug 'plant food' to Isle of Man|publisher=Isle of Man Today|date=February 25, 2010|access-date=December 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228070359/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/Now-illegal-to-import-drug.6103144.jp |archive-date=February 28, 2010}}</ref>
*'''Russia:''' Mephedrone is classified as List 1 in Russian Federation as of August 2010. This means it is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, or distribute.<ref>http://gazeta.ru/news/lenta/2010/08/04/n_1529350.shtml</ref>
*'''Ireland''': Mephedrone is controlled under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1977 as of May 11, 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dohc.ie/press/releases/2010/20100511.html |title=Minister for Health and Children announces immediate criminal ban on list of head shop products |publisher=Irish Department of Health and Children|access-date=December 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221174712/http://www.dohc.ie/press/releases/2010/20100511.html |archive-date=February 21, 2011}}</ref>
*'''Slovak Republic:''' Starting March 1, 2011 mephedrone is controlled in the Slovak Republic.<ref>http://www.nrsr.sk/Dynamic/Download.aspx?DocID=350863</ref>
*'''Israel''': In December 2007, mephedrone was added to Israel's list of controlled substances, making it illegal to buy, sell, or possess.<ref>http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=181254</ref>
*'''Sweden:''' In Sweden, the drug is classified as a health hazard. A ban on mephedrone went into effect on December 15, 2008, making its sale illegal. Use of 4-methylmethcathinone is not explicitly illegal under this regulation.
*'''Italy''': Mephedrone is a Tabella I controlled substance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salute.gov.it/imgs/C_17_pagineAree_3729_listaFile_itemName_0_file.pdf|title=TABELLA I|publisher= Ministero della Salute|access-date=December 27, 2019|language=it}}</ref>
*'''United Kingdom''' - Mephedrone is a Class B drug in the United Kingdom as a result of the cathinone catch-all clause.<ref>United Kingdom. (2010). Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (S.I. 2010/1207). London: The Stationery Office Limited. Retrieved February 9, 2018, from https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2010/1207/made</ref>
*'''Jersey''': Mephedrone is a Class C controlled substance since December 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/hi/health/newsid_10050000/newsid_10059100/10059133.stm|title= Call to ban legal high mephedrone test change|author=Adina Campbell|date=March 4, 2010|publisher=BBC Newsbeat|access-date=December 26, 2019}}</ref>
*'''USA:''' Mephedrone is currently a Schedule I drug in the United States. This means it is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, or distribute (sell, trade or give) without a DEA license.
*'''Lithuania''': Mephedrone is a controlled substance as of June 20, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://e-seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalAct/lt/TAD/TAIS.375830|title=DĖL LIETUVOS RESPUBLIKOS SVEIKATOS APSAUGOS MINISTRO 2000 M. SAUSIO 6 D. ĮSAKYMO Nr. 5 „DĖL NARKOTINIŲ IR PSICHOTROPINIŲ MEDŽIAGŲ SĄRAŠŲ PATVIRTINIMO“ PAKEITIMO|publisher=Lietuvos Respublikos Seimo kanceliarija, biudžetinė įstaiga|access-date=December 27, 2019|language=lt}}</ref>
*'''Mexico''': Mephedrone is a Schedule I controlled substance as of January 7, 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.unodc.org/LSS/Announcement/Details/816ab930-efcf-4e92-a65c-404b022f25eb|title=January 2014 - Mexico: Mephedrone, TFMPP and synthetic cannabinoids placed under control|publisher= United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime|access-date=December 27, 2019}}</ref>
*'''The Netherlands''': In March, 2010, the Dutch Ministry of Health and the Medicines Authority IGZ informed the Ministry of Justice that they now consider mephedrone an unregulated medicine; sales and distribution of it are now prohibited.{{citation needed}}
*'''Norway''': The "Derivatbestemmelsen" is an Analog Act-type law in Norway that controls mephedrone, [[Bk-MBDB]], [[Bromo-DragonFLY]], [[1,4-Butanediol]], [[GBL]], and [[MBDB]].<ref>legemiddelverket.no</ref>
*'''Poland''': On August 25, 2010, mephedrone was added to the list of controlled "psychotropic drugs" in the I-P group.<ref>http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet?id=WDU20101430962</ref>
*'''Romania''': Mephedrone was added to Romania's list of controlled substances in February 2010.<ref>http://salviadivinorum.ro/noile-substante-intezise/</ref>
*'''Russia''': Mephedrone is classified as List 1 in Russian Federation as of August 2010. This means it is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, or distribute.<ref>http://gazeta.ru/news/lenta/2010/08/04/n_1529350.shtml</ref>
*'''Slovak Republic''': Starting March 1, 2011 mephedrone is controlled in the Slovak Republic.<ref>http://www.nrsr.sk/Dynamic/Download.aspx?DocID=350863</ref>
*'''Singapore''': Mephedrone is a banned substance as of November 15, 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.todayonline.com/Singapore/EDC101113-0000075/Three-synthetic-drugs-to-be-banned |title=Three synthetic drugs to be banned |publisher=TODAY|author=Andre Yeo|date=November 13, 2010 |access-date=December 27, 2019|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5wOfQKDTu?url=http://www.todayonline.com/Singapore/EDC101113-0000075/Three-synthetic-drugs-to-be-banned |archive-date=February 10, 2011}}</ref>
*'''Spain''': Mephedrone is a Schedule I controlled substance as of February 10, 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2011-2490|title=Documento BOE-A-2011-2490|publisher=Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado|access-date=December 27, 2019|language=es}}</ref>
*'''Sweden''': In Sweden, the drug is classified as a health hazard. A ban on mephedrone went into effect on December 15, 2008, making its sale illegal. Use of 4-methylmethcathinone is not explicitly illegal under this regulation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://62.95.69.3/SFSDOC/08/080908.PDF |title=Svensk författningssamling Förordning om ändring i förordningen (1999:58) om förbud mot vissa hälsofarliga varor|language=sv|access-date=December 27, 2019|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5wOfbf5sB?url=http://62.95.69.3/SFSDOC/08/080908.PDF |archive-date=February 10, 2011|publisher=Thomson Förlag}}</ref>
*'''United Kingdom''': Mephedrone is a Class B drug in the United Kingdom as a result of the cathinone catch-all clause.<ref>United Kingdom. (2010). Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (S.I. 2010/1207). London: The Stationery Office Limited. Retrieved February 9, 2018, from https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2010/1207/made</ref>
*'''United States''': Mephedrone is currently a Schedule I drug in the United States. This means it is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, or distribute (sell, trade or give) without a DEA license.{{citation needed}}


==See also==
==See also==