3-HO-PCE: Difference between revisions

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'''3-Hydroxyeticyclidine''' (commonly known as '''3-HO-PCE''') is a novel synthetic [[Psychoactive class::dissociative]] substance of the [[Chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine]] chemical class. It produces potent, dose-sensitive [[dissociative]], [[hallucinogenic]] and [[euphoric]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]]. Unlike its close structural analog [[3-HO-PCP]], this compound has no precedent in the scientific literature before being offered on the research chemicals market in the 2010s.<ref name="PCP2MXE">Morris, H., & Wallach, J. ~~(2014~~). From PCP to MXE: A comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs~~. Drug Testing and Analysis,~~ 6(7–8), 614–632. https://doi.~~org~~/10.1002/dta.1620</ref>

'''3-Hydroxyeticyclidine''' (commonly known as '''3-HO-PCE''') is a novel synthetic [[Psychoactive class::dissociative]] substance of the [[Chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine]] chemical class. It produces potent, dose-sensitive [[dissociative]], [[hallucinogenic]] and [[euphoric]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]]. Unlike its close structural analog [[3-HO-PCP]], this compound has no precedent in the scientific literature before being offered on the research chemicals market in the 2010s.<ref name="PCP2MXE">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Morris, H.)), ((Wallach, J.)) | journal=Drug Testing and Analysis | title=From PCP to MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs: PCP to MXE | volume=6 | issue=7–8 | pages=614–632 | date= July 2014 | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.1620 | issn=19427603 | doi=10.1002/dta.1620}}</ref>

Early discussions of this compound have revolved around whether it possesses an appreciable affinity for the [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] given its structural relationship to [[3-HO-PCP]], which has been shown to display affinity for the [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] in animal models.<ref name="3HOPCEsar">Kalir, A., S. ~~Maayani~~, M. ~~Rehavi~~, R. ~~Elkavetz~~, I. Pri-Bar, O. Buchman ~~and M~~. Sokolovsky, 1978~~, Structure activity relationship of some phencyclidine derivatives; in vivo studies in mice, European J~~. ~~Med~~. ~~Chem~~. ~~13, 17~~.</ref> Whether it produces any of its theorized [[opioid]] effects in humans is the subject of ongoing discussion. If it does, 3-HO-PCE may pose unique risks relative to other dissociatives, particularly when it is redosed.

Early discussions of this compound have revolved around whether it possesses an appreciable affinity for the [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] given its structural relationship to [[3-HO-PCP]], which has been shown to display affinity for the [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] in animal models.<ref name="3HOPCEsar">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Kalir, A.)), ((Maayani, S.)), ((Rehavi, M.)), ((Elkavets, R.)), ((Pri-Bar, I.)), ((Buchman, O.)), ((Sokolovsky, M.)) | journal=Chemischer Informationsdienst | title=ChemInform Abstract: STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP OF SOME PHENCYCLIDINE DERIVATIVES- IN VIVO STUDIES IN MICE | volume=9 | issue=25 | date=20 June 1978 | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/chin.197825192 | issn=00092975 | doi=10.1002/chin.197825192}}</ref> Whether it produces any of its theorized [[opioid]] effects in humans is the subject of ongoing discussion. If it does, 3-HO-PCE may pose unique risks relative to other dissociatives, particularly when it is redosed.

Following other substances of its class, particularly [[methoxetamine]] (MXE), [[phencyclidine]] (PCP), and [[3-MeO-PCE]], it is speculated to to be able to induce a state known as "[[dissociatives#Subjective effects|dissociative anesthesia]]". Early reports suggest that this state is difficult to reach relative to other [[dissociatives]], and its general effects profile has been characterized as "lying halfway between [[3-MeO-PCP]] and [[3-MeO-PCE]]."

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*'''Germany:''' 3-HO-PCE is ~~not a~~ controlled ~~substance~~ under the ~~BtMG.~~<ref>~~http~~://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/~~btmg_1981~~/~~anlage_i~~.html</ref> ~~It is legal~~, ~~as long as~~ it is not ~~sold for human consumption, according to §2 AMG~~.<ref>https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/~~amg_1976~~/~~__2~~.html</ref>

*'''Germany:''' 3-HO-PCE is controlled under the NpSG (''New Psychoactive Substances Act'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/anlage.html|title=Anlage NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref> as of July 18, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl119s1083.pdf|title=Verordnung zur Änderung der Anlage des Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetzes und von Anlagen des Betäubungsmittelgesetzes|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|work=Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2019 Teil I Nr. 27|pages=1083-1094|publication-date=July 17, 2019|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref> Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/__4.html|title=§ 4 NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref>

*'''Sweden''': 3-HO-PCE is not a controlled substance for research purposes. It is illegal to consume.

*'''Switzerland:''' 3-HO-PCE is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis E.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref>

*'''Turkey:''' 3-HO-PCE is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.<ref>Cumhurbaşkanı Kararı CK Karar Sayısı : 1335 | https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2019/07/20190720-19.pdf</ref>

*'''United Kingdom:''' 3-HO-PCE is a class B drug in the UK and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. As a derivative of 1-Phenylcyclohexylamine where the amine has been replaced with a 1-piperidyl group, further substituted in the phenyl ring with a hydroxy substituent, it is covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause added to the Misuse of Drugs Act by S.I. 2013/239, which came into effect on the 26th February 2013.<ref>The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2013 ~~(Legislation.gov.uk)~~ | ~~http~~://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/239/introduction/made</ref>

*'''United Kingdom:''' 3-HO-PCE is a class B drug in the UK and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. As a derivative of 1-Phenylcyclohexylamine where the amine has been replaced with a 1-piperidyl group, further substituted in the phenyl ring with a hydroxy substituent, it is covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause added to the Misuse of Drugs Act by S.I. 2013/239, which came into effect on the 26th February 2013.<ref>{{Citation | title=The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2013 | url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/239/introduction/made}}</ref>

==See also==

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[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]

[[Category:Arylcyclohexylamine]]

[[Category:Piperidine]]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{SubstanceBox/3-HO-PCE}}
-'''3-Hydroxyeticyclidine''' (commonly known as '''3-HO-PCE''') is a novel synthetic [[Psychoactive class::dissociative]] substance of the [[Chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine]] chemical class. It produces potent, dose-sensitive [[dissociative]], [[hallucinogenic]] and [[euphoric]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]]. Unlike its close structural analog [[3-HO-PCP]], this compound has no precedent in the scientific literature before being offered on the research chemicals market in the 2010s.<ref name="PCP2MXE">Morris, H., & Wallach, J. (2014). From PCP to MXE: A comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs. Drug Testing and Analysis, 6(7–8), 614–632. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1620</ref>
+'''3-Hydroxyeticyclidine''' (commonly known as '''3-HO-PCE''') is a novel synthetic [[Psychoactive class::dissociative]] substance of the [[Chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine]] chemical class. It produces potent, dose-sensitive [[dissociative]], [[hallucinogenic]] and [[euphoric]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]]. Unlike its close structural analog [[3-HO-PCP]], this compound has no precedent in the scientific literature before being offered on the research chemicals market in the 2010s.<ref name="PCP2MXE">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Morris, H.)), ((Wallach, J.)) | journal=Drug Testing and Analysis | title=From PCP to MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs: PCP to MXE | volume=6 | issue=7–8 | pages=614–632 | date= July 2014 | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.1620 | issn=19427603 | doi=10.1002/dta.1620}}</ref>
-Early discussions of this compound have revolved around whether it possesses an appreciable affinity for the [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] given its structural relationship to [[3-HO-PCP]], which has been shown to display affinity for the  [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] in animal models.<ref name="3HOPCEsar">Kalir, A., S. Maayani, M. Rehavi, R. Elkavetz, I. Pri-Bar, O. Buchman and M. Sokolovsky, 1978, Structure activity relationship of some phencyclidine derivatives; in vivo studies in mice, European J. Med. Chem. 13, 17.</ref> Whether it produces any of its theorized [[opioid]] effects in humans is the subject of ongoing discussion. If it does, 3-HO-PCE may pose unique risks relative to other dissociatives, particularly when it is redosed.
+Early discussions of this compound have revolved around whether it possesses an appreciable affinity for the [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] given its structural relationship to [[3-HO-PCP]], which has been shown to display affinity for the  [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] in animal models.<ref name="3HOPCEsar">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Kalir, A.)), ((Maayani, S.)), ((Rehavi, M.)), ((Elkavets, R.)), ((Pri-Bar, I.)), ((Buchman, O.)), ((Sokolovsky, M.)) | journal=Chemischer Informationsdienst | title=ChemInform Abstract: STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP OF SOME PHENCYCLIDINE DERIVATIVES- IN VIVO STUDIES IN MICE | volume=9 | issue=25 | date=20 June 1978 | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/chin.197825192 | issn=00092975 | doi=10.1002/chin.197825192}}</ref> Whether it produces any of its theorized [[opioid]] effects in humans is the subject of ongoing discussion. If it does, 3-HO-PCE may pose unique risks relative to other dissociatives, particularly when it is redosed.
 Following other substances of its class, particularly [[methoxetamine]] (MXE), [[phencyclidine]] (PCP), and [[3-MeO-PCE]], it is speculated to to be able to induce a state known as "[[dissociatives#Subjective effects|dissociative anesthesia]]". Early reports suggest that this state is difficult to reach relative to other [[dissociatives]], and its general effects profile has been characterized as "lying halfway between [[3-MeO-PCP]] and [[3-MeO-PCE]]."
@@ Line 148: / Line 148: @@
 {{legalStub}}
-*'''Germany:''' 3-HO-PCE is not a controlled substance under the BtMG.<ref>http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_i.html</ref> It is legal, as long as it is not sold for human consumption, according to §2 AMG.<ref>https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/amg_1976/__2.html</ref>
+*'''Germany:''' 3-HO-PCE is controlled under the NpSG (''New Psychoactive Substances Act'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/anlage.html|title=Anlage NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref> as of July 18, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl119s1083.pdf|title=Verordnung zur Änderung der Anlage des Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetzes und von Anlagen des Betäubungsmittelgesetzes|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|work=Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2019 Teil I Nr. 27|pages=1083-1094|publication-date=July 17, 2019|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref> Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/__4.html|title=§ 4 NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref>
 *'''Sweden''': 3-HO-PCE is not a controlled substance for research purposes. It is illegal to consume.
 *'''Switzerland:''' 3-HO-PCE is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis E.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref>
 *'''Turkey:''' 3-HO-PCE is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.<ref>Cumhurbaşkanı Kararı CK Karar Sayısı : 1335 | https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2019/07/20190720-19.pdf</ref>
-*'''United Kingdom:''' 3-HO-PCE is a class B drug in the UK and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. As a derivative of 1-Phenylcyclohexylamine where the amine has been replaced with a 1-piperidyl group, further substituted in the phenyl ring with a hydroxy substituent, it is covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause added to the Misuse of Drugs Act by S.I. 2013/239, which came into effect on the 26th February 2013.<ref>The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2013 (Legislation.gov.uk) | http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/239/introduction/made</ref>
+*'''United Kingdom:''' 3-HO-PCE is a class B drug in the UK and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. As a derivative of 1-Phenylcyclohexylamine where the amine has been replaced with a 1-piperidyl group, further substituted in the phenyl ring with a hydroxy substituent, it is covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause added to the Misuse of Drugs Act by S.I. 2013/239, which came into effect on the 26th February 2013.<ref>{{Citation | title=The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2013 | url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/239/introduction/made}}</ref>
 ==See also==
@@ Line 181: / Line 181: @@
 <references />
+[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
 [[Category:Arylcyclohexylamine]]
 [[Category:Piperidine]]