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2-Aminoindane: Difference between revisions
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{{SummarySheet}} | {{SummarySheet}} | ||
{{SubstanceBox/ | {{SubstanceBox/2-Aminoindane}} | ||
'''2-Aminoindane''' ('''2-AI''') is a [[psychoactive drug]] and [[research chemical]] with [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] properties. It is an analogue of [[amphetamine]].<ref>Structural variation and (+)-amphetamine-like discriminative stimulus properties | '''2-Aminoindane''' ('''2-AI''') is a [[psychoactive drug]] and [[research chemical]] with [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] properties. It is an analogue of [[amphetamine]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Oberlender, R.)), ((Nichols, D. E.)) | journal=Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior | title=Structural variation and (+)-amphetamine-like discriminative stimulus properties | volume=38 | issue=3 | pages=581–586 | date= March 1991 | issn=0091-3057 | doi=10.1016/0091-3057(91)90017-v}}</ref> | ||
Very little is known about this substance, but it has recently become easily accessible through online [[research chemical]] vendors where it is being sold as a [[designer drug]]. | Very little is known about this substance, but it has recently become easily accessible through online [[research chemical]] vendors where it is being sold as a [[designer drug]]. | ||
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*'''[[Effect::Increased perspiration]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased perspiration]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Teeth grinding]]''' - This component can be considered to be less intense when compared with that of [[MDMA]]. | *'''[[Effect::Teeth grinding]]''' - This component can be considered to be less intense when compared with that of [[MDMA]]. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{effects/cognitive| | {{effects/visual| | ||
*'''[[Effect::Acuity enhancement]]''' | |||
}} | |||
|{{effects/cognitive| | |||
The cognitive effects of 2-AI can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. The general head space of 2-AI is described by many as one of mental stimulation, increased focus, and euphoria. It contains a large number of typical [[stimulant]] cognitive effects. Although negative side effects are usually mild at low to moderate doses, they become increasingly likely to manifest themselves with higher amounts or extended usage. This particularly holds true during the [[offset]] of the experience. | The cognitive effects of 2-AI can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. The general head space of 2-AI is described by many as one of mental stimulation, increased focus, and euphoria. It contains a large number of typical [[stimulant]] cognitive effects. Although negative side effects are usually mild at low to moderate doses, they become increasingly likely to manifest themselves with higher amounts or extended usage. This particularly holds true during the [[offset]] of the experience. | ||
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*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria|Euphoria]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria|Euphoria]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Compulsive redosing]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Compulsive redosing]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased music appreciation]]''' | |||
}} | }} | ||
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===Experience reports=== | ===Experience reports=== | ||
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found here: | There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found here: | ||
* [https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2Aminoindan.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: 2-Aminoindane] | |||
*[https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2Aminoindan.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: 2-Aminoindane] | |||
==Toxicity and harm potential== | ==Toxicity and harm potential== | ||
{{toxicity}} | |||
{{Further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential}} | {{Further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential}} | ||
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 2-AI use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the [[Toxicity::exact toxic dosage is unknown]]. This is because 2-AI has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried 2-AI within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying this drug at low to moderate doses by itself and using it sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). | The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 2-AI use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the [[Toxicity::exact toxic dosage is unknown]]. This is because 2-AI has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried 2-AI within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying this drug at low to moderate doses by itself and using it sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). | ||
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===Psychosis=== | ===Psychosis=== | ||
{{Main|Stimulant psychosis}} | {{Main|Stimulant psychosis}} | ||
Abuse of compounds within the stimulant class at high dosages for prolonged periods of time can potentially result in a stimulant psychosis that may present with a variety of symptoms (e.g., [[Paranoia|paranoia]], [[External hallucinations|hallucinations]], or [[Delusions|delusions]]).<ref>Treatment for amphetamine psychosis | | Abuse of compounds within the stimulant class at high dosages for prolonged periods of time can potentially result in a stimulant psychosis that may present with a variety of symptoms (e.g., [[Paranoia|paranoia]], [[External hallucinations|hallucinations]], or [[Delusions|delusions]]).<ref name="Shoptaw2009">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Shoptaw, S. J.)), ((Kao, U.)), ((Ling, W.)) | veditors=((Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Group)) | journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | title=Treatment for amphetamine psychosis | date=21 January 2009 | url=https://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/14651858.CD003026.pub3 | issn=14651858 | doi=10.1002/14651858.CD003026.pub3}}</ref> A review on treatment for amphetamine, [[dextroamphetamine]], and [[methamphetamine]] abuse-induced psychosis states that about 5–15% of users fail to recover completely.<ref name="Shoptaw2009"/><ref>{{cite book | vauthors=((Hofmann, F. G.)) | date= 1983 | title=A handbook on drug and alcohol abuse: the biomedical aspects | publisher=Oxford University Press | edition=2nd ed | isbn=9780195030563}}</ref> The same review asserts that, based upon at least one trial, [[antipsychotic]] medications effectively resolve the symptoms of acute amphetamine psychosis.<ref name="Shoptaw2009"/> | ||
===Dangerous interactions=== | ===Dangerous interactions=== | ||
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}} | {{DangerousInteractions/Intro}} | ||
*'''[[Stimulants]]''' - 2-AI can be potentially dangerous in combination with other [[stimulant]]s as it can [[increased heart rate|increase one's heart rate]] and [[increased blood pressure|blood pressure]] to dangerous levels. | |||
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::Stimulants]]''' - 2-AI can be potentially dangerous in combination with other [[stimulant]]s as it can [[increased heart rate|increase one's heart rate]] and [[increased blood pressure|blood pressure]] to dangerous levels. | |||
{{DangerousInteractions/Stimulants}} | {{DangerousInteractions/Stimulants}} | ||
*'''[[MDMA]]''' - The neurotoxic effects of MDMA may be increased when combined with [[amphetamine]] and other stimulants. | *'''[[DangerousInteraction::MDMA]]''' - The neurotoxic effects of MDMA may be increased when combined with [[amphetamine]] and other stimulants. | ||
{{DangerousInteractions/MAOI|nt=dopamine}} | {{DangerousInteractions/MAOI|nt=dopamine}} | ||
*'''[[Cocaine]]''' - This combination may increase strain on the heart. | *'''[[DangerousInteraction::Cocaine]]''' - This combination may increase strain on the heart. | ||
==Legal | ==Legal status== | ||
2-AI is currently believed to be a grey area compound within most parts of the world. This means that it is not known to be specifically illegal within any country, but people may still be charged for its possession under certain circumstances such as under analogue laws and with intent to sell or consume. | 2-AI is currently believed to be a grey area compound within most parts of the world. This means that it is not known to be specifically illegal within any country, but people may still be charged for its possession under certain circumstances such as under analogue laws and with intent to sell or consume. | ||
*'''Austria | *'''Austria''': 2-AI is illegal to possess, produce and sell under the NPSG (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz Österreich).{{citation needed}} | ||
*'''United Kingdom''' - | *'''China''': 2-AI is a controlled substance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html|title=关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知 |publisher=China Food and Drug Administration|access-date=December 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210033939/www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html|archive-date=February 10, 2017|language=zh}}</ref> | ||
*'''Germany''': 2-AI is controlled under the NpSG (''New Psychoactive Substances Act'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/anlage.html|title=Anlage NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 25, 2019|language=de}}</ref> as of November 26, 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl116s2615.pdf#__bgbl__%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27bgbl116s2615.pdf%27%5D__1576017393518|title=Gesetz zur Bekämpfung der Verbreitung neuer psychoaktiver Stoffe|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|access-date=December 25, 2019|language=de}}</ref> Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/__4.html|title=§ 4 NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 25, 2019|language=de}}</ref> | |||
*'''Switzerland''': 2-AI is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis E.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref> | |||
*'''United Kingdom''': 2-AI is illegal to produce, supply, or import under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016.<ref>{{Citation | title=Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 | url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted}}</ref> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Responsible use]] | *[[Responsible use]] | ||
*[[Stimulants]] | *[[Stimulants]] | ||
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*[[Methamphetamine]] | *[[Methamphetamine]] | ||
*[[MDAI]] | *[[MDAI]] | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Aminoindane 2-AI (Wikipedia)] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Aminoindane 2-AI (Wikipedia)] | ||
*[https://erowid.org/chemicals/2_aminoindan/2_aminoindan.shtml 2-AI (Erowid Vault)] | *[https://erowid.org/chemicals/2_aminoindan/2_aminoindan.shtml 2-AI (Erowid Vault)] | ||
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[[Category:Stimulant]] | [[Category:Stimulant]] | ||
[[Category:Aminoindane]] | [[Category:Aminoindane]] | ||
[[Category:Research chemical]] | |||
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