Deschloroketamine: Difference between revisions

'''2'-Oxo-PCM''' (also known as '''deschloroketamine''', '''O-PCM''', '''DXE''', and '''DCK''') is a lesser-known novel [[psychoactive class::dissociative]] substance of the [[chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine]] class that produces [[dissociative]], [[pain relief|anesthetic]] and [[hallucinogenic]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]].<ref name="name">Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of (18)F-labelled S-fluoroalkyl diarylguanidines: Novel high-affinity NMDA receptor antagonists for imaging with PET (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20138515</ref><ref name="patent">Patent US 3254124 - Aminoketones and methods for their production | http://www.google.com/patents/US3254124</ref>

Early discussion over DCK has revolved around speculation over claims of antibacterial or immunosuppressant properties. If this speculation is valid, it is possible that its prolonged use could potentially pose a serious threat to one's health and immune system, which is why misuse of this substance is highly discouraged.<ref name="DCKAntibacterial">Preiss, D., & Tartar, A. (1998). U.S. Patent No. US5811464. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. | https://www.google.com/patents/US5811464</ref> Ketamine has been found to have similar properties.<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18521797/</ref>

DCK has recently become easily accessible through online [[research chemical]] vendors<ref name="name" /> where it is being sold as a [[designer drug]].<ref>Characterization of the [[designer drug]] deschloroketamine (2-methylamino-2-phenylcyclohexanone) by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry, multistage mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26661982</ref><ref>Alert: descloroketamina sold as ketamine in Barcelona | http://energycontrol.org/analisis-de-sustancias/resultados/alertas/560-alerta-descloroketamina-vendida-como-ketamina-en-barcelona.html</ref><ref>The unknown effects of drought ketamine | http://www.vice.com/es/read/los-efectos-desconocidos-de-la-sequia-de-ketamina-719</ref>  

Due to the lack of research regarding the substance, all discussion regarding the pharmacology of it is purely based on its structure and subjective effect similarities to other [[arylcyclohexylamine]] [[dissociative]]s such as [[3-MeO-PCP]], [[PCP]] and [[MXE]]. With this in mind, DCK is thought to act as an [[NMDA receptor antagonist]]. NMDA receptors, a type of [[glutamate]] receptor, allow for excitatory electrical signals to pass between neurons in the brain and spinal column; for the signals to pass, the receptor must be open. Dissociatives inactivate the NMDA receptors by blocking them. This disconnection of neurons leads to the general loss of bodily sensation, motor coordination, memory recall and eventually this substance's equivalent of the “[[Visual_disconnection#Holes.2C_spaces_and_voids|k-hole]].”

*'''Germany:''' Deschloroketamine is not a controlled substance under the BtMG.<ref>http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_i.html</ref> It is legal, as long as it is not sold for human consumption, according to §2 AMG.<ref>https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/amg_1976/__2.html</ref>

*'''United Kingdom:''' Deschloroketamine is a class B drug in the UK and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. As an N-alkyl derivative of 2-Amino-2-phenylcyclohexanone, it is covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause added to the Misuse of Drugs Act by S.I. 2013/239, which came into effect on the 26th February 2013.<ref>The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2013 (Legislation.gov.uk) | http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/239/introduction/made</ref>

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