3C-E: Difference between revisions
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{{ | {{SubstanceBox/3C-E}} | ||
'''3,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethoxyamphetamine''' (commonly known as '''3C-E''' or '''3C-Escaline''') is a synthetic [[psychoactive class::psychedelic]] compound of the [[chemical class:: | '''3,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethoxyamphetamine''' (commonly known as '''3C-E''' or '''3C-Escaline''') is a synthetic [[psychoactive class::psychedelic]] compound of the [[chemical class::Substituted amphetamines|amphetamine]] chemical class. Although it's name suggests it may be related to the [[2C-x]] family, this is not the case. 3C-E has the structure of [[escaline]], a mescaline analogue, with an additional carbon rendering it a substituted amphetamine. | ||
3C-E was presumably first synthesized by [[Alexander Shulgin]] and published in his book [[PiHKAL]] in 1991.<ref>{{Citation | title=Erowid Online Books : “PIHKAL” - #25 3C-E | url=https://erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal025.shtml}}</ref> | |||
Today, 3C-E is used for [[recreational drug use|recreational]] and research purposes, and exclusively distributed as a gray area [[research chemical]] by online vendors. Very little is known about its effects besides its strong body high and weak visuals. | |||
==Chemistry== | ==Chemistry== | ||
3C-E or 3,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethoxyamphetamine, is a molecule of the [[substituted amphetamine]] class. Amphetamines are substituted phenethylamines containing a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH<sub>2</sub>) group through an ethyl chain and a methyl group bound to the alpha carbon R<sub>α</sub>. 3C-E contains methoxy functional groups OCH<sub>3</sub> attached to carbons R<sub>3</sub> and R<sub>5</sub> and an ethoxy chain OCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub> attached to carbon R<sub>4</sub> of the phenyl ring. 3C-E is the amphetamine | 3C-E or 3,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethoxyamphetamine, is a molecule of the [[substituted amphetamine]] class. Amphetamines are substituted phenethylamines containing a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH<sub>2</sub>) group through an ethyl chain and a methyl group bound to the alpha carbon R<sub>α</sub>. 3C-E contains methoxy functional groups OCH<sub>3</sub> attached to carbons R<sub>3</sub> and R<sub>5</sub> and an ethoxy chain OCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub> attached to carbon R<sub>4</sub> of the phenyl ring. | ||
3C-E is the amphetamine analog of [[escaline]]. | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
{{Further|Serotonergic psychedelic}} | {{Further|Serotonergic psychedelic}} | ||
Although its name suggests it may be related to the 2C-x family, this is not the case. 3C-E is actually the 3-Carbon analog of escaline, thus the name. | |||
Its pharmacology can provide strong interaction with 5-HT2A receptors, which could potentially help to prevent cluster headaches or give the compound the possibility to ease the psychological suffering associated with end-stage cancer. | |||
3C-E's [[psychedelic]] effects are believed to come from its efficacy at the [[Serotonin#The 5-HT system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor]] as a [[Agonist#Agonists|partial agonist]]. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the [[psychedelic]] experience continues to remain elusive. | 3C-E's [[psychedelic]] effects are believed to come from its efficacy at the [[Serotonin#The 5-HT system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor]] as a [[Agonist#Agonists|partial agonist]]. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the [[psychedelic]] experience continues to remain elusive. | ||
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|{{effects/physical| | |{{effects/physical| | ||
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the physical energy levels of the user, 3C-E is usually considered to be extremely stimulating | *'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the physical energy levels of the user, 3C-E is usually considered to be moderately to extremely stimulating. In comparison, other more commonly used psychedelics such as [[psilocin]] are sedating and relaxed. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Spontaneous physical sensations]]''' - The "body high" of 3C-E is manifested as somewhat intense in comparison to most classical psychedelics such as [[LSD]]. The sensation itself can be described as a constantly present yet somewhat mild energetic pins and needles sensation that encompasses a person’s entire body. It is usually felt over every square inch of the skin | *'''[[Effect::Spontaneous physical sensations]]''' - The "body high" of 3C-E is manifested as somewhat intense in comparison to most classical psychedelics such as [[LSD]]. The sensation itself can be described as a constantly present yet somewhat mild energetic pins and needles sensation that encompasses a person’s entire body. It is usually felt over every square inch of the skin but occasionally manifests itself in the form of a continuously shifting tingling sensation that travels up and down the body in spontaneous waves. | ||
**'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria]]''' - It should be noted that this effect is not as reliably induceable as it is with substances like stimulants or entactogens, and can just as easily manifest as physical discomfort without any apparent reason. | **'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria]]''' - It should be noted that this effect is not as reliably induceable as it is with substances like stimulants or entactogens, and can just as easily manifest as physical discomfort without any apparent reason. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Bodily control enhancement]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Bodily control enhancement]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Tactile enhancement]]''' - Feelings of enhanced tactile sensation are consistently present at low to moderate levels | *'''[[Effect::Tactile enhancement]]''' - Feelings of enhanced tactile sensation are consistently present at low to moderate levels. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Nausea]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased blood pressure]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased blood pressure]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased perspiration]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased perspiration]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Muscle contractions]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Muscle contractions]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Muscle spasms]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Muscle spasms]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Difficulty urinating]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Difficulty urinating]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Dehydration]] | *'''[[Effect::Dehydration]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Dry mouth]] | *'''[[Effect::Dry mouth]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]] | *'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]] | ||
*'''[[Effect::Bodily control enhancement]] | *'''[[Effect::Bodily control enhancement]] | ||
*'''[[Effect::Temperature regulation suppression]] | *'''[[Effect::Temperature regulation suppression]] | ||
*'''[[Effect::Diarrhea]] | *'''[[Effect::Diarrhea]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Teeth grinding]] | *'''[[Effect::Teeth grinding]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect:: | *'''[[Effect::Increased salivation]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Seizure]]''' - This is a | *'''[[Effect::Vasoconstriction]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Seizure]]''' - This is likely a rare effect but may occur in those who are predisposed to them, especially while in physically taxing conditions such as being dehydrated, undernourished, overheated, or fatigued.{{citation needed}} | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{effects/visual| | {{effects/visual| | ||
The visuals of 3C-E are generally not that apparent and consist more so of distortions than colors and drifting. | |||
====Enhancements==== | ====Enhancements==== | ||
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====Distortions==== | ====Distortions==== | ||
*'''[[Effect::Drifting]]''' ''([[Drifting#Melting|melting]], [[Drifting#Flowing|flowing]], [[Drifting#Breathing|breathing]] and [[Drifting# morphing|morphing]])'' | *'''[[Effect::Drifting]]''' ''([[Drifting#Melting|melting]], [[Drifting#Flowing|flowing]], [[Drifting#Breathing|breathing]] and [[Drifting# morphing|morphing]])'' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Colour shifting]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Colour shifting]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Depth perception distortions]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Depth perception distortions]]''' | ||
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*'''[[Effect::Brightness alteration]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Brightness alteration]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Diffraction]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Diffraction]]''' | ||
====[[Effect::Geometry]]==== | ====[[Effect::Geometry]]==== | ||
The visual geometry that is present throughout this trip can be described as more similar in appearance to that of [[DOC]] or [[mescaline | The visual geometry that is present throughout this trip can be described as more similar in appearance to that of [[DOC]] or [[mescaline]] than that of [[2C-B]], [[psilocin]] or [[LSD]]. It can be comprehensively described through its [[Visual_effects:_Geometry#Variations|variations]] as intricate in complexity, abstract in form, synthetic in feel, structured in organization, brightly lit, multicolored in scheme, glossy in shading, sharp in edges, large in size, fast in speed, smooth in motion, equally rounded and angular in its corners, non-immersive in-depth and consistent in intensity.<!-- At higher dosages, this geometry is significantly more likely to result in states of [[Effect::8B Geometry|level 8B]] visual geometry over [[8A Geometry|level 8A]]. --> | ||
====Hallucinatory states==== | ====Hallucinatory states==== | ||
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*'''[[Effect::Transformations]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Transformations]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Internal | *'''[[Effect::Internal hallucination]]''' (''[[effect::autonomous entities]]''; ''[[effect::settings, sceneries, and landscapes]]''; ''[[effect::Alterations in perspective]]'' and ''[[effect::scenarios and plots]]'') - In comparison to other [[psychedelic]]s such as [[LSD]], 3C-E is extremely high in internal hallucinations. They are more common within dark environments and can be comprehensibly described through its [[Internal_hallucinations#Variations|variations]] as lucid in believability, interactive in style, new experiences in content, autonomous in controllability, [[geometry]]-based in style and almost exclusively of a personal, religious, spiritual, science-fiction, fantasy, surreal, nonsensical or transcendental nature in their overall theme. | ||
}} | }} | ||
|{{effects/cognitive| | |{{effects/cognitive| | ||
The cognitive effects of 3C-E are described | The cognitive effects of 3C-E are described as primarily stimulating than psychedelic. Higher dosages can lead to a more likely occurence of confusion. | ||
The total sum of these cognitive components regardless of the setting generally includes: | The total sum of these cognitive components regardless of the setting generally includes: | ||
*'''[[Effect::Conceptual thinking]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Conceptual thinking]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Confusion]]''' | |||
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Thought connectivity]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Thought connectivity]]''' | ||
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*'''[[Effect::Empathy, affection, and sociability enhancement]]''' - This component is typically manifested only in the context of social settings in which one is within the company of others, and only at lower, non-impairing doses. These feelings of sociability, affection, and empathy tend to be weaker and less consistent than those produced by substances such as [[MDMA]] and [[2C-B]], but can still prove strong enough to provide long-lasting therapeutic effects. | *'''[[Effect::Empathy, affection, and sociability enhancement]]''' - This component is typically manifested only in the context of social settings in which one is within the company of others, and only at lower, non-impairing doses. These feelings of sociability, affection, and empathy tend to be weaker and less consistent than those produced by substances such as [[MDMA]] and [[2C-B]], but can still prove strong enough to provide long-lasting therapeutic effects. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]''' - | *'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]''' - This effect is consistent in its manifestation and [[outrospection]] dominant. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Personal bias suppression]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Personal bias suppression]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Novelty enhancement]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Novelty enhancement]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Immersion enhancement]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Immersion enhancement]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect:: | *'''[[Effect::Emotion enhancement]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased music appreciation]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased music appreciation]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Increased sense of humor]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Increased sense of humor]]''' | ||
**'''[[Effect::Laughter fits]]''' | **'''[[Effect::Laughter fits]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Memory suppression]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Memory suppression]]''' | ||
**'''[[Effect::Ego death]]''' | **'''[[Effect::Ego death]]''' | ||
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{{effects/multisensory| | {{effects/multisensory| | ||
*'''[[Effect::Synaesthesia]]''' - In its fullest manifestation, this is a very rare and non-reproducible effect. Increasing the dosage can increase the likelihood of this occurring, but seems to | *'''[[Effect::Synaesthesia]]''' - In its fullest manifestation, this is a very rare and non-reproducible effect. Increasing the dosage can increase the likelihood of this occurring, but seems only to be a prominent part of the experience among those who are already predisposed to synaesthetic states. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
===Experience reports=== | ===Experience reports=== | ||
{{Experience reports|erowid_experience_substance_label=3C-E}} | |||
==Toxicity and harm potential== | ==Toxicity and harm potential== | ||
{{toxicity}} | |||
{{further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential|Responsible use #Hallucinogens}} | {{further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential|Responsible use #Hallucinogens}} | ||
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 3C-E use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact [[Toxicity::toxic dose is unknown]]. This is because 3C-E is a [[research chemical]] with very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people within the | The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 3C-E use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact [[Toxicity::toxic dose is unknown]]. This is because 3C-E is a [[research chemical]] with very little history of human usage. | ||
Anecdotal evidence from people within the community who have tried 3C-E suggests that there are no negative health effects attributed to simply trying it by itself at low to moderate doses and using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). [https://www.google.com/ Independent research] should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption. | |||
It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance. | It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this substance. | ||
===Tolerance and addiction potential=== | ===Tolerance and addiction potential=== | ||
3C-E is [[Addiction potential::not habit-forming]] and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating. | 3C-E is [[Addiction potential::not habit-forming]], and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating. | ||
Tolerance to the effects of 3C-E | Tolerance to the effects of 3C-E is built [[Time to full tolerance::almost immediately after ingestion]]. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::7 days]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 3C-E presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[psychedelic]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of 3C-E all psychedelics will have a reduced effect. | ||
===Dangerous interactions=== | ===Dangerous interactions=== | ||
{{DangerousInteractions}} | {{DangerousInteractions/Intro}} | ||
{{DangerousInteractions/Psychedelics}} | |||
==Legal status== | |||
{{legalStub}} | |||
*''' | *'''Germany''': 3C-E is controlled under the NpSG (New Psychoactive Substances Act) as of November 26, 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl116s2615.pdf#__bgbl__%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27bgbl116s2615.pdf%27%5D__1576017393518|title=Gesetz zur Bekämpfung der Verbreitung neuer psychoaktiver Stoffe|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|access-date=December 11, 2019|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/anlage.html|title=Anlage NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 11, 2019|language=de}}</ref> Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/__4.html|title=§ 4 NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 11, 2019|language=de}}</ref> | ||
*''' | *'''Japan''': 3C-E is a controlled substance in Japan effective March 25th, 2015.<ref>{{Citation | title=危険ドラッグの成分16物質を新たに指定薬物に指定 | publisher=厚生労働省 [Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)] | language=japanese | url=https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/houdou/0000078803.html | access-date=2 May 2022}}</ref> | ||
*''' | *'''Switzerland''': 3C-E can be considered a controlled substance as a defined derivative of a-methylphenethylamine under Verzeichnis E point 130. It is legal when used for scientific or industrial use.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref> | ||
*'''United Kingdom''': It is illegal to produce, supply, or import this drug under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016.<ref>{{Citation | title=Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 | url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted}}</ref> | |||
*'''United States''': 3C-E is technically not scheduled in the United States, but could be considered an analog of [[mescaline]] and may, therefore, be considered a Schedule I drug under the Federal Analogue Act. | |||
== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Responsible use]] | *[[Responsible use]] | ||
*[[Psychoactive substance index]] | *[[Psychoactive substance index]] | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3C-E 3C-E (Wikipedia)] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3C-E 3C-E (Wikipedia)] | ||
*[ | *[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/read.php?domain=pk&id=25 3C-E (PiHKAL / Isomer Design)] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{references}} | |||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Psychoactive substance]] | [[Category:Psychoactive substance]] | ||
[[Category:Psychedelic]] | |||
[[Category:Amphetamine]] | [[Category:Amphetamine]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Research chemical]] |