DOC: Difference between revisions

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==History and culture==  
==History and culture==  
{{historyStub}}
{{historyStub}}
DOC was first synthesized by 1972 by Ronald Coutts and Jerry Malicky at the University of Alberta.<ref name="Coutts1973"/> While human usage was popularized by the 1991 publication of its synthesis and pharmacology in [[PiHKAL]] ("Phenethylamines I Have Known And Loved")<ref name="PiHKAL"/> by [[Alexander Shulgin]], a 1989 forensic analysis of designer amphetamine samples identified DOC in Canadian drug seizures.<ref name="Dawson1989"/>
DOC was first synthesized by 1972 by Ronald Coutts and Jerry Malicky at the University of Alberta.<ref name="Coutts1973" /> While human usage was popularized by the 1991 publication of its synthesis and pharmacology in [[PiHKAL]] ("Phenethylamines I Have Known And Loved")<ref name="PiHKAL" /> by [[Alexander Shulgin]], a 1989 forensic analysis of designer amphetamine samples identified DOC in Canadian drug seizures.<ref name="Dawson1989" />


==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
DOC or 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy-amphetamine, is a molecule of the [[substituted amphetamine]] class. Amphetamines are substituted phenethylamines containing a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH<sub>2</sub>) group through an ethyl chain and a methyl group bound to the alpha carbon R<sub>α</sub>. DOC contains methoxy functional groups OCH<sub>3</sub> attached to carbons R<sub>2</sub> and R<sub>5</sub> and a chlorine atom attached to carbon R<sub>4</sub> of the phenyl ring. DOC is the amphetamine analogue of the phenethylamine [[2C-C]].<ref name="PiHKAL"/>
DOC or 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy-amphetamine, is a molecule of the [[substituted amphetamine]] class. Amphetamines are substituted phenethylamines containing a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH<sub>2</sub>) group through an ethyl chain and a methyl group bound to the alpha carbon R<sub>α</sub>. DOC contains methoxy functional groups OCH<sub>3</sub> attached to carbons R<sub>2</sub> and R<sub>5</sub> and a chlorine atom attached to carbon R<sub>4</sub> of the phenyl ring. DOC is the amphetamine analogue of the phenethylamine [[2C-C]].<ref name="PiHKAL" />
 
DOC is a substituted alpha-methylated phenethylamine, a class of compounds commonly known as amphetamines. The phenethylamine equivalent (lacking the alpha-methyl group) is 2C-C. DOC has a stereocenter and (''R'')-(−)-DOC is the more active stereoisomer.


==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
{{Further|Serotonergic psychedelic}}
{{Further|Serotonergic psychedelic}}
DOC acts as a selective 5-HT<sub>2A</sub>, 5-HT<sub>2B</sub>, and 5-HT<sub>2C</sub> receptor partial agonist. Its psychedelic effects are mediated via its actions on the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor.
DOC's [[psychedelic]] effects are believed to come from its efficacy at the [[Serotonin#The 5-HT system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor]] as a [[Agonist#Agonists|partial agonist]]. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the [[psychedelic]] experience continues to remain elusive.
DOC's [[psychedelic]] effects are believed to come from its efficacy at the [[Serotonin#The 5-HT system|5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor]] as a [[Agonist#Agonists|partial agonist]]. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the [[psychedelic]] experience continues to remain elusive.


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{{#ask: [[Category:DOC]][[Category:Experience]]|format=ul|Columns=1}}
{{#ask: [[Category:DOC]][[Category:Experience]]|format=ul|Columns=1}}
Additional experience reports can be found here:
Additional experience reports can be found here:
* [https://erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DOC.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: DOC]
 
*[https://erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DOC.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: DOC]


==Toxicity and harm potential==
==Toxicity and harm potential==
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===Tolerance and addiction potential===
===Tolerance and addiction potential===
DOC is [[Addiction potential::not habit-forming]] and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating.  
DOC is [[Addiction potential::not habit-forming]], and the desire to use it can actually decrease with use. It is most often self-regulating.  


Tolerance to the effects of DOC are built [[Time to full tolerance::almost immediately after ingestion]]. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::7 days]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). DOC presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[psychedelic]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of DOC all psychedelics will have a reduced effect.
Tolerance to the effects of DOC is built [[Time to full tolerance::almost immediately after ingestion]]. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::3 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::7 days]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). DOC presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[psychedelic]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of DOC all psychedelics will have a reduced effect.


===Overdose===
===Overdose===
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===Dangerous interactions===
===Dangerous interactions===
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}}
{{DangerousInteractions/Intro}}
 
{{DangerousInteractions/Psychedelics}}
*'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_(medication) Lithium]''' - Lithium is often used as treatment for bipolar disorder. It may possibly cause elevated risk of seizures and psychosis due to its [[Glutamate|glutaminergic]] and [[GABA|GABAergic]] effects.{{citation needed}}
*'''[[Stimulants]]''' - Stimulants affect many parts of the brain. Combined with psychedelics, stimulation can turn into uncontrollable [[anxiety]], [[Panic attacks|panic]], [[thought loops]] and [[paranoia]]. This interaction may cause elevated risk of psychosis.{{citation needed}}
*'''[[Tramadol]]''' - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold<ref>Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of medical toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089</ref> and [[psychedelics]] may act as triggers for seizures, particularly in those who are predisposed to them.{{citation needed}}


==Legal status==
==Legal status==
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*'''Latvia''': DOC is a Schedule I controlled substance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=121086|title=Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem|publisher=VSIA Latvijas Vēstnesis|access-date=January 1, 2020|publication-date=November 10, 2005|language=lv}}</ref>
*'''Latvia''': DOC is a Schedule I controlled substance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=121086|title=Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem|publisher=VSIA Latvijas Vēstnesis|access-date=January 1, 2020|publication-date=November 10, 2005|language=lv}}</ref>
*'''New Zealand''': DOC is a Class C drug in New Zealand.{{citation needed}}
*'''New Zealand''': DOC is a Class C drug in New Zealand.{{citation needed}}
*'''Netherlands:''' Possession, production and sale is illegal.
*'''Switzerland''': DOC can be considered a controlled substance as a defined derivative of a-Methylphenethylamine under Verzeichnis E point 130. It is legal when used for scientific or industrial use.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Switzerland''': DOC can be considered a controlled substance as a defined derivative of a-Methylphenethylamine under Verzeichnis E point 130. It is legal when used for scientific or industrial use.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Turkey:''' DOC is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı - Karar Sayısı : 2013/5742|url=https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2014/01/20140125-3.htm|publisher=Başbakanlık Mevzuatı Geliştirme ve Yayın Genel Müdürlüğü [General Directorate of Legislation Development and Publication]|publication-date=January 25, 2014|date=December 16, 2013|language=tr}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kararnamenin Eki: Liste|url=https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2014/01/20140125-3-1.pdf|publisher=Başbakanlık Mevzuatı Geliştirme ve Yayın Genel Müdürlüğü [General Directorate of Legislation Development and Publication]|publication-date=January 25, 2014|date=December 16, 2013|language=tr|id=2013/5742|work=Resmî Gazete, Sayı: 28893}}</ref>
*'''Turkey:''' DOC is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı - Karar Sayısı : 2013/5742|url=https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2014/01/20140125-3.htm|publisher=Başbakanlık Mevzuatı Geliştirme ve Yayın Genel Müdürlüğü [General Directorate of Legislation Development and Publication]|publication-date=January 25, 2014|date=December 16, 2013|language=tr}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kararnamenin Eki: Liste|url=https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2014/01/20140125-3-1.pdf|publisher=Başbakanlık Mevzuatı Geliştirme ve Yayın Genel Müdürlüğü [General Directorate of Legislation Development and Publication]|publication-date=January 25, 2014|date=December 16, 2013|language=tr|id=2013/5742|work=Resmî Gazete, Sayı: 28893}}</ref>
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==See also==
==See also==
*[[Responsible use]]
*[[Responsible use]]
*[[Psychedelics]]
*[[Psychedelics]]
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==External links==
==External links==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine DOC (Wikipedia)]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine DOC (Wikipedia)]
*[http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/doc/doc.shtml DOC (Erowid Vault)]
*[http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/doc/doc.shtml DOC (Erowid Vault)]
*[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/read.php?domain=pk&id=64 DOC (PiHKAL / Isomer Design)]
*[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/read.php?domain=pk&id=64 DOC (PiHKAL / Isomer Design)]
===Discussion===
===Discussion===
*[http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/286886-The-Big-amp-Dandy-DOC-Thread-(Part-1) The Big & Dandy DOC Thread (Part 1) (Bluelight)]
*[http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/286886-The-Big-amp-Dandy-DOC-Thread-(Part-1) The Big & Dandy DOC Thread (Part 1) (Bluelight)]


Retrieved from "http://psy.st/wiki/DOC"