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PMMA: Difference between revisions

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{{headerpanel|{{Approval}} {{Proofread}} }}
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{{SummarySheet}}
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'''para-Methoxymethamphetamine''' (also known as '''4-methoxymethamphetamine''', '''4-MeOMA''', inaccurately as '''"4-MMA"''' (which should instead be reserved for [[4-MMA]] (4-MeMA) instead) and more commonly as '''PMMA''') is a highly dangerous and toxic synthetic substance of the [[Chemical class::amphetamine]] class that is closely related to [[PMA]]. Like PMA, it is known for producing extremely dangerous, life-threatening side effects. At lower dosages, its effects are somewhat different from PMA, with reduced tendency to cause severe [[Increased bodily temperature|hyperthermia]] while producing more [[entactogenic]] effects that can be mistaken for [[MDMA]] (although at higher dosages it does have the same risk as PMA). Its history of use is unknown, but it has appeared more frequently in the 2000s and 2010s. It is generally less potent than PMA.
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| ''[[PMMA/Summary|Summary sheet: PMMA]]''
'''PMMA, along with other drugs like [[PMA]] and [[PMEA]] have very little recreational value and are considered as one of the most dangerous and toxic substances known. It is strongly recommended that these two substances should be completely avoided.'''
|}
'''PMMA''' (also known as '''para-Methoxymethamphetamine''' or '''4-MMA''') is a highly dangerous and toxic drug of the [[Chemical class::Amphetamine|amphetamine]] class, which is closely related to [[PMA]]. Like PMA, it has extremely dangerous side effects, which can result in death. At lower dosages, its effects are somewhat different from PMA, with reduced tendency to cause severe [[Increased bodily temperature|hyperthermia]] and producing more [[entactogen]]ic effects, although at higher dosages it does have the same risk as PMA. Its history of use is unknown, but it has appeared more frequently in the 2000s and 2010s. It is generally less potent than PMA. '''PMMA, along with [[PMA]] have very little recreational value and are considered as one of the most dangerous and toxic substances known. It is strongly recommended that these two drugs should be completely avoided.'''


==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
PMMA (para-Methoxymethamphetamine or 4-MMA) is a molecule of the [[substituted amphetamine|amphetamine]] class. Molecules of the amphetamine class contain a phenethylamine core featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH<sub>2</sub>) group through an ethyl chain with an additional methyl substitution at R<sub>α</sub>. It contains a methoxy (OCH<sub>3</sub>) functional group bound to the R<sub>4</sub> carbon of the phenyl ring, as well as a methyl substitution at R<sub>N</sub>. It is the methylated version of [[PMA]] and the 4-Methoxy analog of [[Methamphetamine]].
PMMA (para-Methoxymethamphetamine or 4-MMA) is a molecule of the [[substituted amphetamine]] class. Molecules of the amphetamine class contain a phenethylamine core featuring a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH<sub>2</sub>) group through an ethyl chain with an additional methyl substitution at R<sub>α</sub>. It contains a methoxy (OCH<sub>3</sub>) functional group bound to the R<sub>4</sub> carbon of the phenyl ring, as well as a methyl substitution at R<sub>N</sub>. PMMA is the N-methylated version of [[PMA]] and the 4-Methoxy analog of [[Methamphetamine]].


==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
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{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}


===Physical effects===
{{effects/base
|{{effects/physical|
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, PMMA is commonly regarded as moderately stimulating and energetic exclusively at lower dosages.
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]''' - In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, PMMA is commonly regarded as moderately stimulating and energetic exclusively at lower dosages.
*'''[[Effect::Abnormal heartbeat]]''' - Accelerated and abnormal heartbeats are extremely common with [[PMMA]].
*'''[[Effect::Abnormal heartbeat]]''' - Accelerated and abnormal heartbeats are extremely common with PMMA.
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Dehydration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Dehydration]]'''
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*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased perspiration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased perspiration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]''' and '''vomiting''' - This is common at any dose.
*'''[[Effect::Nausea]]''' and '''Vomiting''' - This is common at any dose.
*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Pupil dilation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Rapid breathing]]''' - People commonly report "not being able to breathe".
*'''[[Effect::Rapid breathing]]''' - People commonly report "not being able to breathe".
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*'''[[Effect::Vibrating vision]]''' - This effect is generally more frequent than with [[MDMA]].
*'''[[Effect::Vibrating vision]]''' - This effect is generally more frequent than with [[MDMA]].


===Cognitive effects===
}}
 
 
 
|{{effects/cognitive|
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]''' or '''[[Effect::Anxiety suppression]]''' - This depends greatly on the dosage, as higher dosages are almost guaranteed to bring anxiety, due to all the adverse effects.
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]''' or '''[[Effect::Anxiety suppression]]''' - This depends greatly on the dosage, as higher dosages are almost guaranteed to bring anxiety, due to all the adverse effects.
*'''[[Effect::Empathy, love and sociability enhancement]]''' - This effect is only present at lower doses and its much less pronounced than with [[MDMA]].
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]''' or '''[[Effect::Cognitive dysphoria]]''' -  This depends greatly on the dosage, as higher dosages are almost guaranteed to bring dysphoria, due to all the adverse effects.
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria]]''' or '''[[Effect::Cognitive dysphoria]]''' -  This depends greatly on the dosage, as higher dosages are almost guaranteed to bring dysphoria, due to all the adverse effects.
*'''[[Effect::Dream suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Dream suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased libido]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Motivation enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]'''


===Visual effects===
}}
{{effects/visual|
At moderate to high dosages, PMMA is capable of producing typically mild or moderate visual distortions, which are usually more common and pronounced than with [[MDMA]], but significantly less when compared with most [[psychedelics]], such as [[2C-B]] or [[LSD]].
At moderate to high dosages, PMMA is capable of producing typically mild or moderate visual distortions, which are usually more common and pronounced than with [[MDMA]], but significantly less when compared with most [[psychedelics]], such as [[2C-B]] or [[LSD]].


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*'''[[Effect::Visual drifting|Drifting]]''' ''([[Visual drifting#Melting|melting]], [[Visual drifting#Breathing|breathing]], [[Visual drifting#Morphing|morphing]] and [[Visual drifting#Flowing|flowing]])'' - This effects is more pronounced than it is with [[MDMA]].
*'''[[Effect::Visual drifting|Drifting]]''' ''([[Visual drifting#Melting|melting]], [[Visual drifting#Breathing|breathing]], [[Visual drifting#Morphing|morphing]] and [[Visual drifting#Flowing|flowing]])'' - This effects is more pronounced than it is with [[MDMA]].
*'''[[Effect::Tracers]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Tracers]]'''
}}
}}
===Experience reports===
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found here:
*[https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_PMMA.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: PMMA]


==Toxicity and harm potential==
==Toxicity and harm potential==
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PMMA and its relative [[PMA]] [[Toxicity::can be considered extremely toxic when compared to other substances such as [[Methamphetamine]] or [[MDMA]] ]]. [[Toxicity::Ingestion of PMMA has been associated with severe tachycardia (abnormally high heart rate), [[seizure |seizures]], [[dehydration]], [[increased bodily temperature|hyperthermia]], and death]]. PMMA has a relatively slow onset, causing many users to redose which causes excess toxicity.
PMMA and its relative [[PMA]] [[Toxicity::can be considered extremely toxic when compared to other substances such as [[Methamphetamine]] or [[MDMA]] ]]. [[Toxicity::Ingestion of PMMA has been associated with severe tachycardia (abnormally high heart rate), [[seizure |seizures]], [[dehydration]], [[increased bodily temperature|hyperthermia]], and death]]. PMMA has a relatively slow onset, causing many users to redose which causes excess toxicity.


It is strongly recommended that one use [[responsible drug use|harm reduction practices]] when using this drug.
It is strongly recommended that one use [[harm reduction practices]] if choosing to use this substance.


==Legal issues==
==Legal status==
*'''Canada:''' PMMA is a Schedule I substance.
In February 2002, the European Council decided that PMMA shall be subjected by the Member States to control measures and criminal penalties within three months.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2002:063:0014:0014:EN:PDF|date=February 28, 2002|publication-date=March 6, 2003|work=Official Journal of the European Union|page=14|id=L 63|publisher=Office for Official Publications of the European Communites|oclc=52224955|title=Council Decision concerning control measures and criminal sanctions in respect of the new synthetic drug PMMA}}</ref>
*'''Germany:''' PMMA is an Anlage I controlled substance.
 
*'''United States:''' PMMA is unscheduled, but can be considered an analog of PMA under the Federal Analog Act.
*'''Austria''': PMMA is illegal to possess, produce and sell under the SMG (Suchtmittelgesetz Österreich).{{citation needed}}
*'''United Kingdom:''' PMMA is a Class A drug.
*'''Brazil''': Possession, production and sale is illegal as it is listed on Portaria SVS/MS nº 344.<ref>http://portal.anvisa.gov.br/documents/10181/3115436/%281%29RDC_130_2016_.pdf/fc7ea407-3ff5-4fc1-bcfe-2f37504d28b7</ref>
*'''Canada''': PMMA is a Schedule I substance.{{citation needed}}
*'''France''': PMMA is scheduled as a "stupéfiant", i.e. a recognized drug of abuse. It is illegal to possess, buy, sell or manufacture.<ref>{{Citation | title=Arrêté du 22 février 1990 fixant la liste des substances classées comme stupéfiants  | url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/JORFTEXT000000533085/2020-11-20/}}</ref>
*'''Germany''': PMMA is controlled under Anlage I BtMG (Narcotics Act, Schedule I) as of October 10, 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?start=%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27bgbl100s1414b.pdf%27%5D#__bgbl__%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27bgbl100s1414b.pdf%27%5D__1576702069328|title=Vierzehnte Verordnung zur Änderung betäubungsmittelrechtlicher Vorschriften|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|access-date=December 18, 2019|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_i.html|title=Anlage I BtMG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 18, 2019|language=de}}</ref> It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/__29.html|title=§ 29 BtMG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 18, 2019|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Switzerland''': PMMA is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis D.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref>
*'''United Kingdom''': PMMA is a Class A drug.{{citation needed}}
*'''United States''': PMMA is a Schedule I drug as of July 26th, 2021.<ref>https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2021/06/25/2021-13460/schedules-of-controlled-substances-placement-of-para-methoxymethamphetamine-pmma-in-schedule-i</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Responsible use]]
*[[Responsible use]]
*[[Research chemical]]
*[[Substituted amphetamine]]
*[[Substituted amphetamine]]
*[[Entactogen]]
*[[Entactogen]]
*[[PMA]]
*[[PMA]]
==External links==
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para-Methoxy-N-methylamphetamine PMMA (Wikipedia)]
*[https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/pmma/pmma.shtml PMMA (Erowid Vault)]
*[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/read.php?domain=pk&id=130 PMMA (PiHKAL / Isomer Design)]


==References==
==References==
<references/>
{{references}}
<references />
[[Category:Proofread]]
[[Category:Proofread]]
[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
[[Category:Research chemical]]
[[Category:Amphetamine]]
[[Category:Entactogen]]
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Retrieved from "http://psy.st/wiki/PMMA"