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3-HO-PCE: Difference between revisions
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{{ | {{Distinguish|3-HO-PCP}} | ||
{{SummarySheet}} | {{SummarySheet}} | ||
{{SubstanceBox/3-HO-PCE}} | {{SubstanceBox/3-HO-PCE}} | ||
'''3-Hydroxyeticyclidine''' (commonly known as '''3-HO-PCE''') is a novel synthetic [[Psychoactive class::dissociative]] substance of the [[Chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine]] chemical class. It produces potent, dose-sensitive [[dissociative]], [[hallucinogenic]] and [[euphoric]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]]. Unlike its close structural analog [[3-HO-PCP]], this compound has no precedent in the scientific literature before being offered on the research chemicals market in the 2010s.<ref name="PCP2MXE">Morris, H., | '''3-Hydroxyeticyclidine''' (commonly known as '''3-HO-PCE''') is a novel synthetic [[Psychoactive class::dissociative]] substance of the [[Chemical class::arylcyclohexylamine]] chemical class. It produces potent, dose-sensitive [[dissociative]], [[hallucinogenic]] and [[euphoric]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]]. Unlike its close structural analog [[3-HO-PCP]], this compound has no precedent in the scientific literature before being offered on the research chemicals market in the 2010s.<ref name="PCP2MXE">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Morris, H.)), ((Wallach, J.)) | journal=Drug Testing and Analysis | title=From PCP to MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs: PCP to MXE | volume=6 | issue=7–8 | pages=614–632 | date= July 2014 | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.1620 | issn=19427603 | doi=10.1002/dta.1620}}</ref> | ||
Early discussions of this compound have revolved around whether it possesses an appreciable affinity for the [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] given its structural relationship to [[3-HO-PCP]], which has been shown to display affinity for the [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] in animal models.<ref name="3HOPCEsar">Kalir, A., S. | Early discussions of this compound have revolved around whether it possesses an appreciable affinity for the [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] given its structural relationship to [[3-HO-PCP]], which has been shown to display affinity for the [[μ-opioid]] [[receptor]] in animal models.<ref name="3HOPCEsar">{{cite journal | vauthors=((Kalir, A.)), ((Maayani, S.)), ((Rehavi, M.)), ((Elkavets, R.)), ((Pri-Bar, I.)), ((Buchman, O.)), ((Sokolovsky, M.)) | journal=Chemischer Informationsdienst | title=ChemInform Abstract: STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP OF SOME PHENCYCLIDINE DERIVATIVES- IN VIVO STUDIES IN MICE | volume=9 | issue=25 | date=20 June 1978 | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/chin.197825192 | issn=00092975 | doi=10.1002/chin.197825192}}</ref> Whether it produces any of its theorized [[opioid]] effects in humans is the subject of ongoing discussion. If it does, 3-HO-PCE may pose unique risks relative to other dissociatives, particularly when it is redosed. | ||
Following other substances of its class, particularly [[methoxetamine]] (MXE), [[phencyclidine]] (PCP), and [[3-MeO-PCE]], it is speculated to to be able to induce a state known as "[[dissociatives#Subjective effects|dissociative anesthesia]]". Early reports suggest that this state is difficult to reach relative to other [[dissociatives]], and its general effects profile has been characterized as "lying halfway between [[3-MeO-PCP]] and [[3-MeO-PCE]]." | Following other substances of its class, particularly [[methoxetamine]] (MXE), [[phencyclidine]] (PCP), and [[3-MeO-PCE]], it is speculated to to be able to induce a state known as "[[dissociatives#Subjective effects|dissociative anesthesia]]". Early reports suggest that this state is difficult to reach relative to other [[dissociatives]], and its general effects profile has been characterized as "lying halfway between [[3-MeO-PCP]] and [[3-MeO-PCE]]." | ||
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===Experience reports=== | ===Experience reports=== | ||
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found here: | There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found here: | ||
* [https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_3HOPCE.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: 3-HO-PCE] | |||
*[https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_3HOPCE.shtml Erowid Experience Vaults: 3-HO-PCE] | |||
==Toxicity and harm potential== | ==Toxicity and harm potential== | ||
{{toxicity}} | {{toxicity}} | ||
{{ | {{further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential|Responsible use #Hallucinogens}} | ||
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 3-HO-PCE use has not been studied in any scientific context and the exact [[Toxicity::toxic dosage is unknown]]. This is because 3-HO-PCE has a very short history of human usage. | The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational 3-HO-PCE use has not been studied in any scientific context and the exact [[Toxicity::toxic dosage is unknown]]. This is because 3-HO-PCE has a very short history of human usage. | ||
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Early reports have characterized the chronic use of 3-HO-PCE as [[Addiction potential::moderately addictive with a moderate potential for adverse side effects such as psychosis]]. In comparison to other [[dissociatives]], 3-HO-PCE has been reported to be more potentially habit-forming than [[MXE]], [[diphenidine]], [[ephenidine]], [[DCK]], and [[ketamine]]. When addiction has developed, cravings and [[withdrawal effects]] may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage. | Early reports have characterized the chronic use of 3-HO-PCE as [[Addiction potential::moderately addictive with a moderate potential for adverse side effects such as psychosis]]. In comparison to other [[dissociatives]], 3-HO-PCE has been reported to be more potentially habit-forming than [[MXE]], [[diphenidine]], [[ephenidine]], [[DCK]], and [[ketamine]]. When addiction has developed, cravings and [[withdrawal effects]] may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage. | ||
Tolerance to many of the effects of 3-HO-PCE | Tolerance to many of the effects of 3-HO-PCE is expected to develop [[Time to full tolerance::with prolonged and repeated use]]. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about [[Time to half tolerance::4 - 7 days]] for the tolerance to be reduced to half and [[Time to zero tolerance::1 - 2 weeks]] to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). 3-HO-PCE presents cross-tolerance with [[Cross-tolerance::all [[dissociative]]s]], meaning that after the consumption of 3-HO-PCE, all [[dissociatives]] will have a reduced effect. | ||
It is strongly recommended that one exercise extreme caution and [[responsible drug use|harm reduction]] practices when using this substance. | It is strongly recommended that one exercise extreme caution and [[responsible drug use|harm reduction]] practices when using this substance. | ||
*Users should avoid taking the drug multiple days in a row or becoming dependent/addicted to it as this seems to be the main common factor in the observed incidences of severe adverse effects. | *Users should avoid taking the drug multiple days in a row or becoming dependent/addicted to it as this seems to be the main common factor in the observed incidences of severe adverse effects. | ||
*The recommended dosage range should not be exceeded as high doses can trigger these effects as well. | *The recommended dosage range should not be exceeded as high doses can trigger these effects as well. | ||
*Users should start with extremely low doses and work their way up as slowly as possible. [[Volumetric liquid dosing|Volumetric liquid dosing]] should preferably be used due to the substance's potency; most standard milligram scales cannot accurately weigh out doses below 10-15mg.<ref>3-HO-PCE (Tripsit) | https://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/3-HO-PCE</ref> | *Users should start with extremely low doses and work their way up as slowly as possible. [[Volumetric liquid dosing|Volumetric liquid dosing]] should preferably be used due to the substance's potency; most standard milligram scales cannot accurately weigh out doses below 10-15mg.<ref>3-HO-PCE (Tripsit) | https://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/3-HO-PCE</ref> | ||
*[[Compulsive redosing]] before one has fully sobered up is not recommended and can result in too high of a dose, which can potentially produce serious adverse physical side effects. | *[[Compulsive redosing]] before one has fully sobered up is not recommended and can result in too high of a dose, which can potentially produce serious adverse physical side effects. | ||
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In terms of its long-term health effects when used repeatedly and excessively for extended periods of time, 3-HO-PCE is likely to exhibit similar bladder and urinary tract problems to those produced by [[ketamine]], albeit to a lesser extent. This has been speculated to be due to the fact 3-HO-PCE is far more potent than ketamine so significantly less of material needs to be consumed. Symptoms of dissociative-induced cystitis can become extremely serious and can be described as: | In terms of its long-term health effects when used repeatedly and excessively for extended periods of time, 3-HO-PCE is likely to exhibit similar bladder and urinary tract problems to those produced by [[ketamine]], albeit to a lesser extent. This has been speculated to be due to the fact 3-HO-PCE is far more potent than ketamine so significantly less of material needs to be consumed. Symptoms of dissociative-induced cystitis can become extremely serious and can be described as: | ||
*'''Urinary frequency''' - Urinary frequency is the need to empty the bladder every few minutes. | *'''Urinary frequency''' - Urinary frequency is the need to empty the bladder every few minutes. | ||
*'''Urinary urgency''' - This can be described as a sudden, compelling need to urinate. | *'''Urinary urgency''' - This can be described as a sudden, compelling need to urinate. | ||
*'''Urinary pressure''' - This is experienced as a constant sensation of fullness in the bladder that is unrelieved by urination. | *'''Urinary pressure''' - This is experienced as a constant sensation of fullness in the bladder that is unrelieved by urination. | ||
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==Legal status== | ==Legal status== | ||
{{legalStub}} | {{legalStub}} | ||
*'''Germany:''' 3-HO-PCE is | |||
*'''United Kingdom:''' 3-HO-PCE is a class B drug in the UK and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. As a derivative of 1-Phenylcyclohexylamine where the amine has been replaced with a 1-piperidyl group, further substituted in the phenyl ring with a hydroxy substituent, it is covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause added to the Misuse of Drugs Act by S.I. 2013/239, which came into effect on the 26th February 2013.<ref>The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2013 | *'''Germany:''' 3-HO-PCE is controlled under the NpSG (''New Psychoactive Substances Act'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/anlage.html|title=Anlage NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref> as of July 18, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl119s1083.pdf|title=Verordnung zur Änderung der Anlage des Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetzes und von Anlagen des Betäubungsmittelgesetzes|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|work=Bundesgesetzblatt Jahrgang 2019 Teil I Nr. 27|pages=1083-1094|publication-date=July 17, 2019|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref> Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/__4.html|title=§ 4 NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection]|access-date=December 10, 2019|language=de}}</ref> | ||
*'''Sweden''': 3-HO-PCE is not a controlled substance for research purposes. It is illegal to consume. | |||
*'''Switzerland:''' 3-HO-PCE is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis E.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref> | |||
*'''Turkey:''' 3-HO-PCE is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.<ref>Cumhurbaşkanı Kararı CK Karar Sayısı : 1335 | https://resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2019/07/20190720-19.pdf</ref> | |||
*'''United Kingdom:''' 3-HO-PCE is a class B drug in the UK and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import. As a derivative of 1-Phenylcyclohexylamine where the amine has been replaced with a 1-piperidyl group, further substituted in the phenyl ring with a hydroxy substituent, it is covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause added to the Misuse of Drugs Act by S.I. 2013/239, which came into effect on the 26th February 2013.<ref>{{Citation | title=The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2013 | url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/239/introduction/made}}</ref> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Responsible use]] | *[[Responsible use]] | ||
**[[Volumetric dosing]] | **[[Volumetric dosing]] | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
*[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/explore.php?id=968 3-HO-PCE (Isomer Design)] | *[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/explore.php?id=968 3-HO-PCE (Isomer Design)] | ||
===Discussion=== | ===Discussion=== | ||
*[http://bluelight.org/vb/threads/812314-The-Big-amp-Dandy-3-HO-PCE-Thread The Big & Dandy 3-HO-PCE Thread (Bluelight)] | *[http://bluelight.org/vb/threads/812314-The-Big-amp-Dandy-3-HO-PCE-Thread The Big & Dandy 3-HO-PCE Thread (Bluelight)] | ||
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170111011440*/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/interview-with-ketamine-chemist-704-v18n2 Interview with a Ketamine Chemist (VICE)] | *[https://web.archive.org/web/20170111011440*/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/interview-with-ketamine-chemist-704-v18n2 Interview with a Ketamine Chemist (VICE)] | ||
==Literature== | ==Literature== | ||
* Morris, H., & Wallach, J. (2014). From PCP to MXE: A comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs. Drug Testing and Analysis, 6(7–8), 614–632. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1620 | |||
*Morris, H., & Wallach, J. (2014). From PCP to MXE: A comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs. Drug Testing and Analysis, 6(7–8), 614–632. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1620 | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Psychoactive substance]] | [[Category:Psychoactive substance]] | ||
[[Category:Arylcyclohexylamine]] | [[Category:Arylcyclohexylamine]] | ||
[[Category:Piperidine]] | [[Category:Piperidine]] | ||
[[Category:Dissociative]] | [[Category:Dissociative]] | ||
[[Category:Research chemical]] | |||
{{#set:Featured=true}} | {{#set:Featured=true}} | ||