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Methylnaphthidate: Difference between revisions

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>Kenan
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>David Hedlund
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| ''[[Methylnaphthidate/Summary|Summary sheet: Methylnaphthidate]]''
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'''Methylnaphthidate''' (also known as '''HDMP-28''') is a [[stimulant]] drug of the [[substituted phenethylamine]] and [[piperidine]] classes, and close analog of the commonly prescribed ADHD drug [[methylphenidate]] (e.g. ''Ritalin'', ''Focalin'').


The two substances are believed to have very similar core pharmacological mechanisms but have been reported as displaying distinctive subjective effects that is thought to correspond to their differing binding efficacies and [[monoamine]] reuptake inhibition ratios (similar to [[4F-MPH]]) but with distinctly more activity on serotonin than other methylphenidate analogs.
'''Methylnaphthidate''' (also known as '''HDMP-28''') is a novel synthetic [[psychoactive class::stimulant]] substance of the substituted [[chemical class::phenidate]] chemical class. It is a structural analog of the commonly prescribed ADHD drug [[methylphenidate]] (e.g. ''Ritalin'', ''Concerta'') that produces moderately [[stimulating]] effects when [[Routes of administration|administered]].


Methylnaphthidate has little to no history of human usage prior to its availability by vendors on the online [[research chemical]] market.
Like members of the [[phenidate]] class, methylnaphthidate is believed to act as a [[monoamine]] [[reuptake inhibitor]].{{citation needed}} However, it has been reported to display distinct differences in its subjective effects by not behaving as a traditional [[dopaminergic]] [[stimulant]]. This has been speculated to owe itself to its appreciable effects on [[serotonin]] reuptake inhibition that is not observed in typical methylphenidate analogs.{{citation needed}}
 
Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of methylnaphthidate, and it has little history of human usage. It is sometimes commercially distributed as a grey-area [[research chemical]] by online vendors alongside other [[methylphenidate]] analogs like [[ethylphenidate]], [[isopropylphenidate]], and [[4F-MPH]]. It is highly advised to approach this and poorly understood stimulant substance with the proper amount of precaution and [[harm reduction practices]] if choosing to use it.


==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
{{Chemistry}}
{{chemistry}}
The main structural differences between methylnaphthidate and [[methylphenidate]] in chemical substance is the replacement of the core phenyl ring with with a napthalene group.


==Pharmacology==
==Pharmacology==
Methylnaphthidate is thought to act primarily as a [[monoamine]] triple [[reuptake inhibitor]], meaning it effectively boosts the levels of [[dopamine]], [[noradrenaline]] and [[serotonin]] [[neurotransmitters]] throughout the brain by binding to and partially blocking the transporter proteins that normally clear these monoamines from the synaptic cleft. This allows these molecules to accumulate throughout the brain, particularly within the reward pathways in the brain, resulting in stimulating and euphoric effects.
Methylnaphthidate is thought to act primarily as a [[monoamine]] triple [[reuptake inhibitor]], meaning it effectively elevates the levels of [[dopamine]], [[noradrenaline]] and [[serotonin]] [[neurotransmitters]] throughout the brain and CNS by binding to and partially blocking the transporter proteins that normally clear out these monoamines from the synaptic cleft. This allows these molecules to accumulate throughout the brain, particularly within the reward pathways in the brain, resulting in stimulating and euphoric effects.


==Subjective effects==
==Subjective effects==
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{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}
{{Preamble/SubjectiveEffects}}


===Physical effects===
{{effects/base
|{{effects/physical|
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Stimulation]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Dehydration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Dehydration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Appetite suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]''' - This component has been reported by some as being uniquely pronounced in the -phenidate family. These effects might owe themselves to increased free-circulating serotonin in the blood, which would lead to sustained agonism at serotonin-2b receptors on the heart.  
*'''[[Effect::Increased heart rate]]''' - This component has been reported by some as being uniquely pronounced in the -phenidate family. These effects might owe themselves to increased free-circulating serotonin in the blood, which would lead to sustained agonism at Serotonin-2B receptors on the heart.  
*'''[[Effect::Teeth grinding]]''' - This component can be considered to be present, but less intense when compared with that of [[MDMA]].
*'''[[Effect::Teeth grinding]]''' - This component can be considered to be present, but less intense when compared with that of [[MDMA]].


===Cognitive effects===
}}
{{effects/aftereffects|
The effects which occur during the [[offset]] of a [[stimulant]] experience generally feel negative and uncomfortable in comparison to the effects which occurred during its [[peak]]. This is often referred to as a "comedown" and occurs because of [[neurotransmitter]] depletion. Its effects commonly include:
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive fatigue]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Depression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Irritability]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Motivation suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Thought deceleration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]'''
}}
|{{effects/cognitive|
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Thought acceleration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Analysis enhancement]]'''
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*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria|Euphoria]]''' - The euphoric rush associated with methylnaphthidate use (as result of [[dopamine]] [[reuptake inhibition]]) is very short-lived and compulsive, similar to that of [[cocaine]].
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive euphoria|Euphoria]]''' - The euphoric rush associated with methylnaphthidate use (as result of [[dopamine]] [[reuptake inhibition]]) is very short-lived and compulsive, similar to that of [[cocaine]].
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive fatigue]]''' - This component can occur during the offset of this compound as a rebound effect which is usually equal in its intensity to the enhancements which occurred before it.
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive fatigue]]''' - This component can occur during the offset of this compound as a rebound effect which is usually equal in its intensity to the enhancements which occurred before it.
*'''[[Effect::Time distortion]]''' - This can be described as the experience of time speeding up and passing much quicker than it usually would when sober.
}}


===After effects===
}}
The effects which occur during the [[offset]] of a [[stimulant]] experience generally feel negative and uncomfortable in comparison to the effects which occurred during its [[peak]]. This is often referred to as a "comedown" and occurs because of [[neurotransmitter]] depletion. Its effects commonly include:
*'''[[Effect::Anxiety]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Cognitive fatigue]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Depression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Irritability]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Motivation suppression]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Thought deceleration]]'''
*'''[[Effect::Wakefulness]]'''
===Experience reports===
===Experience reports===
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found here:
There are currently no anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our [[experience index]]. Additional experience reports can be found here:
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==Toxicity and harm potential==
==Toxicity and harm potential==
{{Main|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential}}
{{Further|Research chemicals#Toxicity and harm potential}}
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational methylnaphthidate use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic and lethal dosages are unknown. This is because methylnaphthidate is a [[research chemical]] with very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried methylnaphthidate suggests that there are no negative health effects attributed to simply trying the drug by itself at low to moderate doses and using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). [https://www.google.com Independent research]should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.  
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational methylnaphthidate use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic and lethal dosages are unknown. This is because methylnaphthidate is a [[research chemical]] with very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried methylnaphthidate suggests that there are no negative health effects attributed to simply trying the drug by itself at low to moderate doses and using it very sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed). [https://www.google.com Independent research]should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption.  


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{{DangerousInteractions/Stimulants|self=Methylnaphthidate}}
{{DangerousInteractions/Stimulants|self=Methylnaphthidate}}
{{DangerousInteractions/MAOI|nt=serotonin}}
{{DangerousInteractions/MAOI|nt=serotonin}}
*'''[[MDMA]]''' - The neurotoxic effects of MDMA may be increased when combined with other stimulants.
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::MDMA]]''' - The neurotoxic effects of MDMA may be increased when combined with other stimulants.
*'''[[Cocaine]]''' - This combination may synergistically increase strain on the heart to dangerous degrees.
*'''[[DangerousInteraction::Cocaine]]''' - This combination may synergistically increase strain on the heart to dangerous degrees.


==Legal issues==
==Legal status==
*'''United Kingdom''' - It is illegal to produce, supply, or import this drug under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016.<ref>Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 (Legislation.gov.uk) | http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents/enacted</ref>
*'''Germany''': HDMP-28 is controlled under the NpSG (''New Psychoactive Substances Act'')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/anlage.html|title=Anlage NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 24, 2019|language=de}}</ref> as of November 26, 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl116s2615.pdf#__bgbl__%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27bgbl116s2615.pdf%27%5D__1576017393518|title=Gesetz zur Bekämpfung der Verbreitung neuer psychoaktiver Stoffe|publisher=Bundesanzeiger Verlag|access-date=December 24, 2019|language=de}}</ref> Production and import with the aim to place it on the market, administration to another person and trading is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/npsg/__4.html|title=§ 4 NpSG|publisher=Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz|access-date=December 24, 2019|language=de}}</ref>
*'''United States''' - HDMP-28 is not explicitly controlled in the US, but it could possibly be considered an analog of a Schedule II substance (methylphenidate) under the Federal Analog Act.
*'''Switzerland''': HDMP-28 is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis E. It was added to the list of controlled substances in December 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien|publisher=Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]|access-date=January 1, 2020|language=de}}</ref>
*'''Switzerland''' - HDMP-28 is illegal in Switzerland as of December 2015.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html | title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien | publisher=Der Bundesrat}}</ref>
*'''Turkey''': HDMP-28 is illegal in Turkey as of February 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/03/20160308-4.pdf|publisher=Resmi Gazete |access-date=January 15, 2020|language=tr|title=Karar Sayısı : 2016/8548}}</ref>
*'''United Kingdom''': HDMP-28 is a class B drug in the UK as of 31st May 2017 and is illegal to possess, produce or supply. <ref>The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2017 (Legislation.gov.uk) | http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2017/634/made</ref>
*'''United States''': HDMP-28 is not explicitly controlled in the US, but it could possibly be considered an analog of a Schedule II substance (methylphenidate) under the Federal Analog Act.


==See also==
==See also==
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==External links==
==External links==
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDMP-28 HDMP-28 (Wikipedia)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDMP-28 HDMP-28 (Wikipedia)]
*[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/explore.php?id=10861 HDMP-28 (Isomer Design)]
*[http://bluelight.org/vb/threads/492618-HDMP-28-or-methylnaphthidate HDMP-28 (Bluelight)]
*[http://bluelight.org/vb/threads/492618-HDMP-28-or-methylnaphthidate HDMP-28 (Bluelight)]
*[https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_HDMP28.shtml HDMP-28 (Erowid)]
 
==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references />
[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
[[Category:Psychoactive substance]]
[[Category:Piperidine]]
[[Category:Phenidate]]
[[Category:Stimulant]]
[[Category:Stimulant]]
[[Category:Research chemical]]
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Retrieved from "http://psy.st/wiki/Methylnaphthidate"