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Releasing agent: Difference between revisions
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A '''releasing agent''', or simply releaser, is a drug that induces the release of a [[neurotransmitter]] from the presynaptic [[neuron]] into the synapse, leading to a rise in the extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitter, therefore resulting in increased neurotransmission. Many drugs use neurotransmitter release to exert their psychological and physiological effects, namely the [[amphetamines]] and related compounds. Virtually all currently known releasing agents affect the monoamine neurotransmitters [[serotonin]], [[noradrenaline]], and/or [[dopamine]], and as such, they are often referred to more formally as monoamine releasing agents (MRAs). MRAs may be selective for a particular neurotransmitter or non-selective and affect multiple neurotransmitters. | A '''releasing agent''', or simply releaser, is a drug that induces the release of a [[neurotransmitter]] from the presynaptic [[neuron]] into the synapse, leading to a rise in the extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitter, therefore resulting in increased neurotransmission. Many drugs use neurotransmitter release to exert their psychological and physiological effects, namely the [[amphetamines]] and related compounds. Virtually all currently known releasing agents affect the monoamine neurotransmitters [[serotonin]], [[noradrenaline]], and/or [[dopamine]], and as such, they are often referred to more formally as monoamine releasing agents (MRAs). MRAs may be selective for a particular neurotransmitter or non-selective and affect multiple neurotransmitters. | ||
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==Selectivity== | ==Selectivity== | ||
Releasing agents act to varying extents on the monoamine neurotransmitters. Some will induce the release of all three monoamines; an example of this is [[MDMA]]. Others are more selective as [[methamphetamine]] is a potent releasing agent of dopamine and noradrenaline, but is a weak releaser of serotonin. A majority of releasing agents are non-selective, but there are currently a limited amount of agents that release serotonin (SRAs) or norephinephrine (NRAs) selectively; no selective dopamine releasing agents are currently known. Many tryptamines, such as [[DMT]], [[DiPT]], and [[psilocin]], are selective serotonin releasing agents in addition to their other pharmacological effects.<ref>Blough | Releasing agents act to varying extents on the monoamine neurotransmitters. Some will induce the release of all three monoamines; an example of this is [[MDMA]]. Others are more selective as [[methamphetamine]] is a potent releasing agent of dopamine and noradrenaline, but is a weak releaser of serotonin. A majority of releasing agents are non-selective, but there are currently a limited amount of agents that release serotonin (SRAs) or norephinephrine (NRAs) selectively; no selective dopamine releasing agents are currently known. Many tryptamines, such as [[DMT]], [[DiPT]], and [[psilocin]], are selective serotonin releasing agents in addition to their other pharmacological effects.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Blough, B. E.)), ((Landavazo, A.)), ((Decker, A. M.)), ((Partilla, J. S.)), ((Baumann, M. H.)), ((Rothman, R. B.)) | journal=Psychopharmacology | title=Interaction of psychoactive tryptamines with biogenic amine transporters and serotonin receptor subtypes | volume=231 | issue=21 | pages=4135–4144 | date= October 2014 | issn=1432-2072 | doi=10.1007/s00213-014-3557-7}}</ref> | ||
==Neurotoxicity== | ==Neurotoxicity== | ||
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*[[Antagonist]] | *[[Antagonist]] | ||
*[[Reuptake inhibitor]] | *[[Reuptake inhibitor]] | ||
==External links== | |||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Release_agent Release agent (Wikipedia)] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | |||
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