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Dihydrocodeine: Difference between revisions
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Dihydrocodeine is available as tablets, solutions, elixirs, and other oral forms. In some countries, the drug is available as an injectable solution for deep subcutaneous and intra-muscular administration. As with codeine, intravenous administration should be avoided as it could result in anaphylaxis and dangerous pulmonary edema. Dihydrocodeine is available in suppository form on prescription.{{citation needed}} | Dihydrocodeine is available as tablets, solutions, elixirs, and other oral forms. In some countries, the drug is available as an injectable solution for deep subcutaneous and intra-muscular administration. As with codeine, intravenous administration should be avoided as it could result in anaphylaxis and dangerous pulmonary edema. Dihydrocodeine is available in suppository form on prescription.{{citation needed}} | ||
Dihydrocodeine is used as an alternative or adjunct to [[codeine]] and is similar in chemical structure. Dihydrocodeine is | Dihydrocodeine is used as an alternative or adjunct to [[codeine]] and is similar in chemical structure. Dihydrocodeine is generally considered to have up to twice as strong analgesic effects as codeine.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Leppert W. Dihydrocodeine as an opioid analgesic for the treatment of moderate to severe chronic pain. Curr Drug Metab. 2010 Jul;11(6):494-506. doi: 10.2174/138920010791636211. PMID: 20540693.}}</ref> It is also noteworthy that Dihydrocodeine has no ceiling effect unlike codeine (considered to be around 200-600mg/day) <ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Shiratsuchi T, Ogawa S. [Weak opioids]. Nihon Rinsho. 2001 Sep;59(9):1795-9. Japanese. PMID: 11554054.}}</ref>, meaning with Dihydrocodeine you can, theoretically, achieve more euphoria the higher the dose, which codeine can’t due to the so-called ceiling effect. | ||
==Chemistry== | ==Chemistry== | ||
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*'''[[Effect::Pain relief]]''' | *'''[[Effect::Pain relief]]''' | ||
*'''[[Effect::Itchiness]]''' - This effect is less intense in comparison to [[codeine]]. | *'''[[Effect::Itchiness]]''' - This effect is less intense in comparison to [[codeine]]. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria|Euphoria]]''' - This particular substance can be considered as less intense in its physical euphoria when compared with that of [[morphine]] or [[diacetylmorphine|heroin]] due to the upper limit of how much can be converted into its active form through metabolism. The sensation itself can be described as extreme feelings of intense physical comfort, warmth and bliss which spreads throughout the body. | *'''[[Effect::Physical euphoria|Euphoria]]''' - This particular substance can be considered as less intense in its physical euphoria when compared with that of [[morphine]] or [[diacetylmorphine|heroin]] due to the upper limit of how much can be converted into its active form through metabolism. However, may be considered more euphoric than [[codeine]] due to its more powerful analgesic effects. The sensation itself can be described as extreme feelings of intense physical comfort, warmth and bliss which spreads throughout the body. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Respiratory depression]]''' - At low to moderate doses, this effect results in the sensation that the breath is slowed down mildly to moderately, but does not cause noticeable impairment. At high doses and overdoses, opioid-induced respiratory depression can result in a shortness of breath, abnormal breathing patterns, semi-consciousness, or unconsciousness. Severe overdoses can result in a coma or death without immediate medical attention. | *'''[[Effect::Respiratory depression]]''' - At low to moderate doses, this effect results in the sensation that the breath is slowed down mildly to moderately, but does not cause noticeable impairment. At high doses and overdoses, opioid-induced respiratory depression can result in a shortness of breath, abnormal breathing patterns, semi-consciousness, or unconsciousness. Severe overdoses can result in a coma or death without immediate medical attention. | ||
*'''[[Effect::Sedation]]''' - At higher dosages, this compound can result in feelings of sedation and is considerably more sedating than that of [[oxycodone]] and [[hydrocodone]]. | *'''[[Effect::Sedation]]''' - At higher dosages, this compound can result in feelings of sedation and is considerably more sedating than that of [[oxycodone]] and [[hydrocodone]]. | ||
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*[https://www.erowid.org/pharms/dihydrocodeine/ Dihydrocodeine (Erowid Vault)] | *[https://www.erowid.org/pharms/dihydrocodeine/ Dihydrocodeine (Erowid Vault)] | ||
*[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/explore.php?domain=pk&id=7659 Dihydrocodeine (Isomer Design)] | *[https://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/explore.php?domain=pk&id=7659 Dihydrocodeine (Isomer Design)] | ||
*[https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01551 Dihydrocodeine (DrugBank)] | |||
*[http://www.drugs.com/international/dihydrocodeine.html Dihydrocodeine (Drugs.com)] | *[http://www.drugs.com/international/dihydrocodeine.html Dihydrocodeine (Drugs.com)] | ||