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Thought disorganization: Difference between revisions
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<onlyinclude>'''Thought disorganization''' | <onlyinclude>'''Thought disorganization''' is defined as a state in which one's ability to analyze and categorize conceptual information using a systematic and logical thought process is considerably decreased. It seemingly occurs through an increase in thoughts which are unrelated or irrelevant to the topic at hand, thus decreasing one's capacity for a structured and cohesive thought stream. This effect also seems to allow the user to hold a significantly lower amount of relevant information in their train of thought which can be useful for extended mental calculations, articulating ideas, and analyzing logical arguments. | ||
The | Thought disorganization is often accompanied by other coinciding effects such as [[analysis depression]] and [[thought acceleration]]. It is most commonly induced under the influence of [[dosage#heavy|heavy]] [[dosage|dosages]] of [[hallucinogen|hallucinogenic]] and [[depressant]] compounds, such as [[dissociative|dissociatives]],<ref name="MurrayMorrison2011">{{cite journal|last1=Murray|first1=Robin M.|last2=Morrison|first2=Paul D.|last3=Di Forti|first3=Marta|last4=Paparelli|first4=Alessandra|title=Drug-Induced Psychosis: How to Avoid Star Gazing in Schizophrenia Research by Looking at More Obvious Sources of Light|journal=Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience|volume=5|year=2011|issn=1662-5153|doi=10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00001}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Flohr, H.)), ((Glade, U.)), ((Motzko, D.)) | journal=Toxicology Letters | title=The neural correlate of consciousness and the mechanisms of general anaesthesia | volume=100 | pages=23–29 | date= 1998 | url=https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.526.6243&rep=rep1&type=pdf}}</ref><ref name="FlohrGlade1998">{{cite journal|last1=Flohr|first1=H.|last2=Glade|first2=U.|last3=Motzko|first3=D.|title=The role of the NMDA synapse in general anesthesia|journal=Toxicology Letters|volume=100-101|year=1998|pages=23–29|issn=03784274|doi=10.1016/S0378-4274(98)00161-1}}</ref><ref name="Lahti2001">{{cite journal|last1=Lahti|first1=A|title=Effects of Ketamine in Normal and Schizophrenic Volunteers|journal=Neuropsychopharmacology|volume=25|issue=4|year=2001|pages=455–467|issn=0893133X|doi=10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00243-3}}</ref> [[psychedelic|psychedelics]],<ref name="MurrayMorrison2011" /><ref name="Winkelman2017">{{cite journal|last1=Winkelman|first1=Michael J.|title=The Mechanisms of Psychedelic Visionary Experiences: Hypotheses from Evolutionary Psychology|journal=Frontiers in Neuroscience|volume=11|year=2017|issn=1662-453X|doi=10.3389/fnins.2017.00539}}</ref> [[cannabinoid|cannabinoids]],<ref name="MurrayMorrison2011" /><ref name="D’SouzaSewell2009">{{cite journal|last1=D’Souza|first1=Deepak Cyril|last2=Sewell|first2=Richard Andrew|last3=Ranganathan|first3=Mohini|title=Cannabis and psychosis/schizophrenia: human studies|journal=European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience|volume=259|issue=7|year=2009|pages=413–431|issn=0940-1334|doi=10.1007/s00406-009-0024-2}}</ref><ref name="RadhakrishnanWilkinson2014">{{cite journal|last1=Radhakrishnan|first1=Rajiv|last2=Wilkinson|first2=Samuel T.|last3=D’Souza|first3=Deepak Cyril|title=Gone to Pot – A Review of the Association between Cannabis and Psychosis|journal=Frontiers in Psychiatry|volume=5|year=2014|issn=1664-0640|doi=10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00054}}</ref> and [[GABAergic|GABAergics]].<ref name="BennettWilson2007">{{cite journal|last1=Bennett|first1=W. R. Murray|last2=Wilson|first2=Lawrence G.|last3=Roy-Byrne|first3=Peter P.|title=Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) Withdrawal: A Case Report|journal=Journal of Psychoactive Drugs|volume=39|issue=3|year=2007|pages=293–296|issn=0279-1072|doi=10.1080/02791072.2007.10400616}}</ref><ref name="Tsuang1982">{{cite journal|last1=Tsuang|first1=Ming T.|title=Subtypes of Drug Abuse With Psychosis|journal=Archives of General Psychiatry|volume=39|issue=2|year=1982|pages=141|issn=0003-990X|doi=10.1001/archpsyc.1982.04290020013003}}</ref> However, it is worth noting that the same [[stimulant]] or [[nootropics]] compounds which induce [[thought organization]] at lower dosages, can also often result in the opposite effect of thought disorganization at their higher dosages.<ref name="MurrayMorrison2011" /><ref name="Tsuang1982" /><ref name="AngristThompson1975">{{cite journal|last1=Angrist|first1=Burton|last2=Thompson|first2=Hyacinth|last3=Shopsin|first3=Baron|last4=Gershon|first4=Samuel|title=Clinical studies with dopamine-receptor stimulants|journal=Psychopharmacologia|volume=44|issue=3|year=1975|pages=273–280|issn=0033-3158|doi=10.1007/BF00428906}}</ref><ref name="KrystalPerry2005">{{cite journal|last1=Krystal|first1=John H.|last2=Perry|first2=Edward B.|last3=Gueorguieva|first3=Ralitza|last4=Belger|first4=Aysenil|last5=Madonick|first5=Steven H.|last6=Abi-Dargham|first6=Anissa|last7=Cooper|first7=Thomas B.|last8=MacDougall|first8=Lisa|last9=Abi-Saab|first9=Walid|last10=D’Souza|first10=D. Cyril|title=Comparative and Interactive Human Psychopharmacologic Effects of Ketamine and Amphetamine|journal=Archives of General Psychiatry|volume=62|issue=9|year=2005|pages=985|issn=0003-990X|doi=10.1001/archpsyc.62.9.985}}</ref> | ||
</onlyinclude> | |||
===Psychoactive substances=== | ===Psychoactive substances=== | ||
Compounds within our [[psychoactive substance index]] which may cause this effect include: | Compounds within our [[psychoactive substance index]] which may cause this effect include: | ||
{{#ask:[[Category:Psychoactive substance]][[Effect::Thought disorganization]]|format=ul|Columns= | {{#ask:[[Category:Psychoactive substance]][[Effect::Thought disorganization]]|format=ul|Columns=2}} | ||
===Experience reports=== | ===Experience reports=== | ||
Anecdotal reports which describe this effect within our [[experience index]] include: | Anecdotal reports which describe this effect within our [[experience index]] include: | ||
{{#ask:[[Category:Experience]][[Effect::Thought disorganization]]|format=ul|Columns=2}} | {{#ask:[[Category:Experience]][[Effect::Thought disorganization]]|format=ul|Columns=2}} | ||
===See also=== | ===See also=== | ||
*[[Responsible use]] | |||
*[[Subjective effects index]] | *[[Subjective effects index]] | ||
*[[Thought organization]] | |||
*[[Psychedelics#Subjective_effects|Psychedelics - Subjective effects]] | *[[Psychedelics#Subjective_effects|Psychedelics - Subjective effects]] | ||
*[[Dissociatives#Subjective_effects|Dissociatives - Subjective effects]] | *[[Dissociatives#Subjective_effects|Dissociatives - Subjective effects]] | ||
*[[Deliriants#Subjective_effects|Deliriants - Subjective effects]] | *[[Deliriants#Subjective_effects|Deliriants - Subjective effects]] | ||
[[Category:Cognitive]] [[Category: | ===External links=== | ||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thought_disorder Thought disorder (Wikipedia)] | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_salad Word salad (Wikipedia)] | |||
===References=== | |||
<references /> | |||
[[Category:Cognitive]] | |||
[[Category:Depression]] | |||
[[Category:Effect]] | |||